Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
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Hemodialysis Effect on Systolic Left Ventricular Function in Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Get PDFChronic kidney diasease (CKD) is one of world health problem with increased incidence. Kidney function impairment contribute to cardiovascular complication that has been the main cause of CKD patient death. The impairment of cardiovascular function mainly caused by decreased of systolic left ventricular function. Stage V CKD patients need renal replacement therapy such as hemodialysis. Hemodialysis known to has positive effect on cadiovascular function by decreasing volume overload and uremic toxin. Echocardiography is a non-invasive method to assess cardiovascular function i.e. systolic left ventricular function. The aim of this study is to describe the improvement of systolic left ventricular function in stage V CKD patients after going through hemodialysis. The subject of this study are 30 patients, ≥18 years old diagnosed with Stage V CKD and undergo routine hemodialysis in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. The data analyzed with Wilcoxon test and shown significance (p=0,000). This study concludes there is a significant improvement on systolic left ventricular function in CKD patients before and after hemodialysis in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
Keywords: Systolic Left Ventricular Function, Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Echocardiograph
Type 3 Resistant Starch Effect of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on Fasting Blood Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus Wistar Rat Models
Get PDFType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a condition in which both insulin secretion and insulin sentivity disturbed. One of therapeutic approach of T2DM is through diet modification using resistant starch (RS) that has proven controlling both postprandial and fasting blood glucose. Cassava starch has 28,57% amylose and 51,24% amylopectin that can be increased through autoclaving-cooling process. Therefore, it can resist the digestion proess by amylose enzyme. The aim was to describe the effect of type 3 resistant starch cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on fasting blood glucose (FBG) in Wistar diabetic rat models. This study was quasy experimental post-test only control group design using 16 Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, KN (normal), K- (DM), P1 (DM + cassava starch diet), and P2 (DM + type 3 RS cassava diet). High fat diet (HFD) and low dose streptozotocin (STZ) used as diabetic agents. Rats fed cassava starch or type 3 RS cassava diet for 28 days. GOD-PAP method used to measure the FBG level. The data analyzed using One Way ANOVA test with p>0,05 as significant value. The result shows no significant differences within experimental groups.
Keywords: cassava, autoclaving-cooling, resistant starch, FB
The Difference Of Visual Acuity And Macular Thickness Post Bevacizumab Therapy In Secondary Macular Edema Retinal Vein Occlusion
Get PDFRetinal vein occlusion is the second most common cause of blindness in retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy and may lead to complications of macular edema. Bevacizumab is an influential treatment as an anti vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This study aims to determine the difference of visual acuity and macular thickness before and after treatment of Bevacizumab. This is a quasi experimental study in patients with secondary macular edema retinal vein occlusion who meets the inclusion criteria. Visual acuity and macular thickness were evaluated after one month of treatment. This study was conducted for two months since May-June 2017 by collecting secondary data from medical record at SMEC Samarinda from January 2016 – June 2017. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon. Sixteen eyes from 16 patients were diagnosed with macular edema secondary retinal vein occlusion given bevacizumab treatment. The mean visual acuity before therapy was 1.106 LogMAR ± 0.509 and increased to 0.889 logMAR ± 0.608 (p = 0.116) after treatment while the mean macular thickness before therapy was 504.06 μm ± 301.273 and decreased to 348.81 μm ± 181.17 (p = 0.017) after treatment. There was a significant effect on the decrease in macular thickness but no significant effect on visual acuity improvement in patients with macular edema secondary retinal vein occlusion at SMEC Samarinda.
Keywords: Retinal vein occlusion, macular edema, bevacizuma
Effect of Vitamin C to Malondialdehyde (MDA) Level in Medical Students Jember University with Psychological Stress
Get PDFMedical students may to receive excessive psychological stressors during their education. The response of stress experienced by the body can activate the sympathetic neuron pathways and complex system hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This can lead to a state of oxidative stress in the body through an increase of metabolism, mitochondrial oxidation, neutrophil activity, glycolysis and lipolysis processes. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most frequently used parameter for assessing oxidative stress conditions in the body. Vitamin C is an antioxidant that can neutralize the effects of free radicals through electron transfer mechanisms. This study aims to determine the effect of vitamin C on MDA levels in medical students of Jember University who experienced psychological stress. This is clinical test study with Quasi Experimental approach that used Pretest - Posttest Control Group Design with 32 sample of medical students Jember University who experienced psychological stress. The level of psychological stress was determined through questionnaire of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) version Damanic Indonesian while the examination of MDA levels by the TBARs test. The result of T test analysis between MDA level at pretest and posttest is p= 0,000. It shows that there is effect of vitamin C consumption to the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in medical students Jember University with psychological stress.
Keywords: Psychological stress, Malondialdehyde, Vitamin C  
Difference of Right Ventricular Systolic Function Before and After Hemodialysis in Chronic Kidney Disease Stage V In RSD dr. Soebandi Jember
Get PDFEnd stage renal disease is a clinical state with an irreversible chronic decreasing function of renal that need a hemodialysis or renal transplant as theraphy. One of the complication of End stage renal disease is cardiovascular. Cardiovascular complication is a major cause of mortality and mobility in End stage renal disease by 44% in Indonesia. Systolic function of right ventricle can be used to assess the heart function. The purpose of this study is to differentiate the systolic function of right ventricle in patient with end stage renal disease in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. We used analytical observational approach with cross sectional method held at Dialysis and Echocardiography Unit of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember from September to November 2017. Thirty patients with end stage renal disease who routinely undergoes dialysis were observed. Shapiro-Wilk test results 0,000 significance shows that the data is not normally distribute. Wilcoxon test results significance level 0,005 which shows there is a differentiation between before and after hemodialysis of systolic function in end stage renal disease patients of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
Keywords : End stage renal disease, systolic function on right ventricle, hemodialysi
Increased Plasma GLP-1 Levels after Resistant Starch Type 3 From Cassava Starch (Manihot Esculanta Crantz) Diet on Diabetic Rat
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus (DM) occur when human body is unable to produce enough insulin and/or unable to use insulin effectively, resulting in an increase of blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Indonesia has ranks fourth after United States, China and India in the prevalence of DM. Controling blood sugar and insulin levels can be done through the stimulation effect of Glucagon- like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The goal of this study was to determine the effects of resistant starch type 3 (RS3) from cassava starch in increasing plasma GLP-1 levels. This reasearch use male mouse (Ratttus novergicus) as a diabetic model by providing a high-fat diet (HFD) for one mounth than combine with intraoperitonel injection of low dose streptozotocin (STZ). The mouse then grouped into 4 groups randomly (1) normal or negative control, (2) cassava starch diet, (3) RS3 diet, (4) positive control. Blood sugar levels were measured before and after STZ injection to determine the diabetic conditions (blood sugar > 200 mg /dL). After 4 weeks of dietary administration blood sugar and plasma GLP-1 levels were examined using ELISA. Statistical analysis showed decreased in blood sugar levels and increased in plasma GLP-1 levels after one mounth of RS3 diet. This research shows that RS3 from cassava starch has a potential role as a nutritional therapy on diabetes mellitus condition.
Keywords: Resistant starch type 3, cassava starch, GLP-1, Blood Sugar, Diabetes Mellitu
Tetraciclyne Resistance Eschericia coli Isolated From Broiler Chicken Meat
No full textAntibiotic resistance is a serious health problem that have ben uneffective therapy. The cause of antibiotic resistance 80% comes from food of animal origin such as Broiler Chicken. E. coli contamination in antibiotic resistant chicken has been shown to transfer genetic factors between bacteria in the human intestinal system. Almost all broiler breeders use commercial feed containing tetracycline antibiotics. The use of antibiotics in the feed mixture is one of the risk factors for resistance. The aim of this study was to get an information of antibiotic resistance E. coli which isolated from broiler meat. Identification test of E. coli used two phase, presumtive test and confirmed test. Sensitivity test for E. coli to antibiotic by disc diffusion Kirby Bauer method. This study used 6 sample of upper thigh broiler meat, the antibiotic use tetracycline. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study show that from 6 isolate sample, there are 4 isolate identificated as E. coli and 2 isolate show resistance to the tetracycline antibiotic. The conclusion of this study showed resistance has occurred on 50% sample.  
The Larvacidal Activity of Moringa aloifera Extract Leaf to The Larva’s Aedes aegypti Mortality
Get PDFDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by Dengue virus. The disease is spread rapidly in the territory of Indonesia by Aedes aegypti mosquito as the vector. Using Moringa Aloifera leaf extract as a natural larvacide is an attempt to control the disease. This study aims to determine the effect of Moringa Aloifera leaf extract on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. Moringa Aloifera leaf extract is obtained by maceration. The experimental design was divided into negative control groups containing aquades, positive controls containing abate and sample treatment groups. Phytochemical test and UV-Vis spectroscopic quantitative test to identify active compounds. A total of 20 Aedes aegypti larvae were put into a glass containing a solution of distilled water, abate solution and sample solution. Observations are made every 2 hours for 24 hours. The results showed that Moringa leaf extract solution could kill larvae at LC50 3953.17 ppm and LT50 18.98 hours. The mortality rates of larvae at each concentration were 1000 ppm, 5.25 units / 2 hours; 2000ppm, 5.28 units / 2 hours; 3000ppm, 5.91 units / 2 hours; 4000 ppm, 7.18 units / 2 hours, and 5000 ppm 8.63 units / 2 hours. The results showed that Moringa Aloifera leaf extract can kill Aedes aegypti larvae because they contain alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids.Keywords: larvacide, Moringa, Aedes aegypti larva
The Correlation between HIV/AIDS Positive Pregnant Mother with Infant APGAR Score in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember
Get PDFHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that decreased immunity and a set symptoms of diseases called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). One of the major risk factors for HIV transmission is perinatal transmission about 2.8% during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum. HIV positive mothers have a potential to give birth infants with low APGAR. APGAR Score was used as a reference to determine asphyxia in the first and fifth minutes of life. The purpose of this research were to determine the correlation between HIV/AIDS positive pregnant mother with infant APGAR Score and to determine the other factors that affect the infant APGAR Score in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research used observational analytic survey method with cross sectional design using medical record of HIV positive and negative pregnant women from August 2014-July 2017 in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember as a subject that qualify the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research used case group sampling technique by total sampling and control group by simple random sampling each 52 samples. Test result of the correlation between HIV/AIDS positive pregnant mother with infant APGAR Score using Chi-Square test obtained p value=1.000 (OR=1.13) that means there was no significant correlation. Test result of the correlation between the other factors that affect infant APGAR Score concluded that there were no significant correlation.
Keywords: pregnant mother, HIV/AIDS, APGAR Score, infan
Correlation between Quick of Blood and Intradialytic Hypertension on Chronic Kidney Disease Stage V Patients in dr. Soebandi Jember Hospital
Get PDFIntradialytic hypertension is one of the complications of chronic kidney disease patients (CKD) stadium V undergoing routine hemodialysis. There is still no definite data on incidence of intradialytic hypertension in Indonesia. Therefore, it is important to do further research about the relationship between factors of intraialytic hypertension with incident intradialytic hypertension as preventionefforts morbidity and mortality in patients CKD stadium V undergo hemodialysis. One of the factors is quick of blood (QB). The purpose of this research is to know the connection between QB with intradialytic hypertension on patients PGK stadium V at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research is a type of observational analytic study with cross sectional method which is implemented in the dialysis unit at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember in October 2017. Population and sample in this research are all patients who undergo PGK stadium V routine hemodialysis in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember at a number of 82samples. The data obtained were tested normalitasnya with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with the results of the significance of 0.71, indicating the data is distributed normally. Pearson test generates the value of significance (p) 0.032 and strong relationship (r) 0.237 indicating that there is a meaningful relationship with the powerful relationship between weak QB with the incidence of hypertension in patients intradialisis CKD stadium V at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
Keywords: CKD, intradialytic hypertension, quick of bloo