Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences
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Antibiotic Sensitivity Test on Staphylococcus Aureus Detected in Sputum of Patients with Pneumonia Treated in Hospitals
Get PDFPneumonia is a respiratory tract infection that attacks the pulmonary parenchyma. This disease can be caused by bacteria, one of which is Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics have an important role to play in reducing the morbidity and mortality incidence of pneumonia, but currently, the incidence of resistance antibiotics is increased. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of antibiotics Staphylococcus aureus in pneumatic sputum patients. The design of this study was observational descriptive, using sputum samples from pneumonia patients in Subandi and Paru Jember hospitals in November to December 2018. The identification of bacteria in sputum was continued by testing the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics. The antibiotics used in this study were chloramphenicol, gentamicin, amikacin, levofloxacin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cotrimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin — data obtained in the frequency distribution table. Of the ten sputum that was successfully cultured, four Gram-negative bacilli bacteria and six Gram-positive coccus bacteria were obtained. The results approved the six Gram-positive coccus bacteria, detected as Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to ampicillin-sulbactam was high.
Keywords: antibiotic sensitivity, bacteria, pneumoni
Analysis of Varicose Vein in Lower Extremities Risk Factors on Woman Laborers of Tobacco Picker at Ajung District Jember Regency: Analisis Faktor Risiko Varises Tungkai Bawah pada Buruh Perempuan Pemetik Tembakau Kecamatan Ajung Kabupaten Jember
Get PDFVaricose vein (VV) in lower extremities are common diseases in the clinic but there is little concern from clinicians as they are considered mild and low mortality. The complications of VV can be ulcers or worst like Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). Several risk factors that can affect the occurrence of VV are women, age, long standing, overweight, pregnancy multiparity, and hormonal contraception. The general purpose of this research is knowing the relationship between risk factors mentioned above and the prevalence of VV on female laborers of tobacco picker at Ajung District Jember District. This research use observational analytic method with cross sectional study design to 72 people who meet the inclusion criteria by purposive sampling method. The sample were given questionnaire, informed consent, then measured by weight scales and microtoise staturemeter. The diagnosis of VV was obtained from the photos that been consulted to cardiothoracic surgeon at dr. Soebandi Hospital Jember. The result of contingency coefficient C correlation test said that only age has significant relation to VV occurrence states (p = 0,044; r = 0,231; OR = 3,053), while others are not significant (p> 0,05 and r < 0.2). The conclusion of this study is that only the age factor has a statistically significant relationship and the positive correlation with the weak correlation to the occurrence of lower extremities VV on woman laborers of the tobacco picker of Ajung District, Jember Regency.
Keywords: Varicose Vein, Lower Extremitie
Identification and In Silico Analysis of Anti Inflammation and Anti Oxidant Potentials of Polyphenol Compounds in Methanol Extract of Tamarindus indica Seeds
Get PDFABSTRACT
Indonesia has abundant stock of Tamarindus indica seeds, but it is not yet utilized maximally, especially in medical field. Tamarindus indica seeds have high content of polyphenols compound. No reseacrh is supported by in silico data on polyphenol compound in Tamarindus indica seeds extract. Polyphenols compound can be utilized as a neuroprotective agent. This research aims to measure polyphenols concentration in methanol Tamarindus indica seeds extract and determine the anti inflammation and antioxidant potential of each polyphenol compound in methanol Tamarindus indica seeds extract by in silico method. The extraction of Tamarindus seeds used maceration method and methanol as solvent. Identification and measurement of polyphenols compound applied HLPC-MS. PyMol and Pyrx tools were used for in silico analysis. Extract recidu was obtained from methanol Tamarindus indica seeds as much as 12%w/v. HPLC-MS anaysis mentioned that levels of procyanidin B2, myricentin and caffeic acid were respectively 38.850 mg/kg, 5.845 mg/kg and 260 mg/kg. The highest anti inflammatory potential was owned by myricentin than caffeic acid, while the lowest potential in procyanidin B2. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant potential was sequentially in myricentin, procyanidin B2 and caffeic acid. It is very possible to utilize methanol Tamarindus indica seeds extract for preventing neurodegenerative diseases since its pathogenesis involves inflammatory and stress oxidative process.
Keywords : Tamarindus indica, myricetin, procyanidin B2, caffeic acid, anti inflammatory, antioxidan
The Correlation between Noise in Workplace and Sleep Quality in Workers at PT. Muroco Jember Wood Processing Factory
Get PDFNoise is a problem that can’t be resolved properly until now because it is one of the factors that sometimes is neglected from the work environment, so it can be a serious threat to the health of workers. The production tools and engines in the factory as the result of technology development produce a sound that can cause noise and interfere with health. Noise can also cause a variety of other disorders such as physiological, psychological, and communication disorders. Psychological disorders can include discomfort, lack of concentration, insomnia, and irritability. Sleep disorders can be associated with 13% of occupational hazards. Workers who have sleep disorders have a 1.62 times higher risk of experiencing work accidents compared with workers who do not have sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between noise in workplace and sleep quality in workers at PT. Muroco Jember wood processing factory. This is an analytical observational study with cross sectional study design using workers of the factory who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. Noise in the workplace was measured with sound level meter and sleep quality of the workers was measured with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire. Spearman correlation test result between these variables is p= 0,899. That result indicates that there is no significant correlation between noise in workplace and sleep quality in workers at PT. Muroco Jember wood processing factory.
Keywords: Noise, Sleep Quality, Worke
Images of Previous Mothers through Health Education, Additional Food Package Materials and Community Empowerment in Sucopangepok Village District of Jelbuk-Jember
Get PDFThe period of pregnancy greatly determines the quality of human resources of the future, because the condition of the fetus in the womb determines the growth of children. Factors that affect maternal health is the mother's nutritional condition. The research design is descriptive. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The sample size of trimester II and III pregnant women were 58 respondents. Univariate data analysis. The result of analysis indicated that pregnant women were mostly at risk of chronic energy deficiency (79.3%), pregnant woman's knowledge level about fulfillment of nutritional requirement during pregnancy after health education mostly categorized good (51.7%), knowledge level of posyandu cadre the fulfillment of nutritional needs of pregnant women before and after health education is mostly categorized good (51.9% and 74.0%). The attitude of posyandu cadre in fulfillment of the nutritional requirement of the pregnant mother before and after health education mostly categorized good (66.7% and 74.0%). Motivation of posyandu cadres in maintaining the nutrition of pregnant women after the treatment was mostly good (70.4%), the weight of pregnant women before and after local-based supplementary feeding showed increased weight according to gestational age (79.3% and 91.4%). The results showed most of the pregnant women have normal nutritional status with arm circumference size ≥23.5 cm. Suggestions for pregnant women to keep their nutritional status normal by maintaining diet and always carrying out routine atenatal care visits and health workers providing supplementary feeding to pregnant women with chronic energy shortages.
Keywords: Maternal care movement, additional food package, nutritional statu
Acute Toxicity of Ethanol Leaves Extracts of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) on Liver Histopathology of Wistar Rats
Get PDFCassava leaves (Manihot esculenta) contain cyanogenic glylcoside as toxicant. Cyanogenic glycoside can be hydrolized into glucose and cyanohydrin acetone which is then decomposed into cyanide. Cassava leaves are used by the community as a source of food and traditional medicine. However, there is a report of incidents of intoxication and death from cassava consumption in Kenya. This research is intended to know the effect of toxic dose ethanol extract of cassava leaves to liver histopathology of Wistar rats. This study was conducted through two stages, sighting study and main study. Both studies used initial dose level 2000 mg/kg and given once at the first day of each study. Main study consists of two groups, control group given 0,5% Na-CMC and treatment group given ethanol extract of cassava leaves dose 2000 mg/kg. All animals were observed for 14 days. Liver histopathology scores were obtained. Mann Whitney test showed that p= 0,009 (p<0,05) so that can be concluded that ethanol extract of cassava leaves dose 2000 mg/kg can cause histopathological changes in the liver of Wistar rats represented by cloudy swelling degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis in some cell
Combination Effect of Methanol Extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis L. Leaf and Ciprofloxacin against Shigella dysentriae In Vitro
Get PDFOne of way to preventing bacterial resistance is a combination of natural plant products with antibiotics. Hibiscus rosasinensis leaf proved to have antibacterial activity against Shigella dysentriae. Ciprofloxacin is the first-choice antibiotic to treat Shigella dysentriae infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of methanol extract of Hibiscus rosasinensis leaves and ciprofloxacin against S. dysentriae bacteria in vitro. The type of this study was quasi experimental design with posttest only control group design using nine treatment groups (with concentration variation of 0.5 μg / mL, 1 μg / mL, 2 μg / mL, 4 μg / mL, 8 μg / mL, 16 μg / mL, 32 μg / mL, 64 μg / mL, and 128 μg / mL with 5 μg / 5 μL ciprofloxacin) and one control group (only 5 μg / 5 μL ciprofloxacin). The method used was agar well diffusion. The data was the diameter of inhibition zone around the well. The results showed that the variant of hibiscus leaf concentration could inhibit the growth of Shigella dysentriae but formed smaller inhibition zone diameter than ciprofloxacin alone.
Keywords: combination, hibiscus rosasinensis leaf, ciprofloxacin, Shigella dysentria
The Difference of Asphyxia Neonatorum Incident between Very Preterm Labor That Is Followed or Not by Premature Rupture of Membranes at RSD dr. Soebandi of Jember
Get PDFAsphyxia neonatorum is an infant's inability to breathe spontaneously and regularly soon after birth. Risk factors of neonatal asphyxia are preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes. In the poor and developing countries there are many occurrences of asphyxia at gestation less than 32 weeks (very preterm). The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in very preterm labor followed by premature rupture of membranes, describes the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in very preterm labor that is not followed by premature rupture of membranes, and the difference of asphyxia neonatorum incident between very preterm labor that is followed or not by premature rupture of membranes. The type of this research was retrospective analytical observational with cross sectional approach and total sampling technique. The population was a single preterm delivery mother with spontaneous presentation of heads born in RSD dr. Soebandi from January 2015 - January 2017. From 465 mothers, 65 mothers meet the inclusion criteria. Data is processed and presented in the form of frequency distribution table then analyzed using Chi-Square test. The results showed that mothers with very preterm followed by premature rupture of membranes did not have asphyxia (22 mothers or 33.8%) and mothers with very preterm that is not followed by premature rupture of membranes did not have asphyxia (18 mothers or 27.2%). Based on Chi-Square statistical test results obtained p-value (0.298)> α (0.05) and it can be concluded that is statistically at 95% confidence level there is no significant difference in the incident of asphyxia neonatorum between very preterm labor that is followed or not by premature rupture of membranes in RSD dr. Soebandi Kabupaten Jember.Keywords: Asphyxia neonatorum, preterm labor, premature rupture of membrane
The Correlation between Nicotine Dependence Level and Negative Symptom in Schizophrenic Patients at Psychiatric Department of PTPN XI Djatiroto Lumajang Hospital
Get PDFSmoking behavior is one problem in schizophrenic patients. The prevalence of smoking in schizophrenic patients is reported 2-4 times greater than the normal population. Nicotine can induce the dopamine release so it increase positive symptom and improve negative symptom also cognitive deficits. These effects are an attempt by schizophrenic patients to reduce the side effects of antipsychotic drugs. This causes the need of increased antipsychotic doses. This study aims to determine the correlation between nicotine dependence level andnegative symptom in Schizophrenic Patients at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang. This is an analytical observational study with cross sectional study design which uses 30 patients with schizophrenia at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nicotine dependence level and negative symptom were obtained with guided interview based on Fagerström Nicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire and score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative subscale. Spearman correlation test result between these variables is p=0,019 and r=0,426 which means there is significant correlation with moderate strength between nicotine dependence level and negative symptom in Schizophrenic patients at Psychiatric Department, PTPN XI Djatiroto Hospital Lumajang.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, Negative Symptom, Nicotine Dependenc
The Sensitivity Pattern of Bacteria Against Antibiotics in Urinary Tract Infection Patients at RSD DR. Soebandi Jember
Get PDFUrinary tract infection (UTI) was infection by microorganisms in the urinary tract. Treatment of UTI required supportive therapy and adequate antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance was the solution in the treatment of UTI, so it is important to assess the factors of bacterial resistance and strategies to control the incidence of resistance by choosing antibiotics in accordance with the pattern of sensitivity of germs obtained. This study aimed to determine the pattern of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics in patients with UTI in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This research used descriptive research design by taking secondary data that was medical record data of urine culture examination and sensitivity test to antibiotics in UTI patients who have been diagnosed in inpatient and outpatient room RSD dr. Soebandi Jember between the period January 1, 2014 until November 30, 2017. The results of this study obtained 57 samples of urine positive bacteria, which found 18 types of bacteria that caused UTI. Of the 18 types of bacteria, there were 16 Gram negative bacteria and 2 Gram positive bacteria. Five bacteria divided among others E. coli on 24 samples, K. ornithinolytica on 5 samples, K. pneumoniae on 4 samples, B. cepacia on 4 samples, and E. cloacae on 3 samples. The results of bacterial sensitivity to antibiotic pattern showed the highest sensitivity level ie amikacin, fosfomicin, netilmicin, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin. While the results of patterns of bacterial resistance to antibiotics based on hormonal levels of cephalotin, cephazolin, ampicillin, sulphametoxazole, and trimetoprim.
Keywords: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Bacterial sensitivity, Antibiotic