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PREHEATING EFFECT OF GIOMER’S SURFACE HARDNESS ON DIRECT RESTORATION
Get PDFBackground: Composite resin is a material that is widely used for caries restoration, enamel abrasion, and aesthetic needs because of the good fit with teeth. Restorative materials that release fluoride ions may prolong the therapeutic and protective effects of the enamel. Nowadays, composite resins have been developed a new hybrid restorative material, named giomer. Giomer containing pre-reacted glass-ionomer (PRG) which can release and recharge fluoride ions. Composite resins have a disadvantage, a presence of shrinkage during polymerization, which can cause gaps between the tooth surface and composite resin. Preheating is carried out before irradiation with conventional oven. Preheating makes the composite resin stronger, reduces viscosity makes it easier to adapt and apply, and improves mechanical properties. This study aims to determine the effect of preheating on surface hardness.Method: The research sample used is 27 pieces cylinder-shaped with 5 mm diameter and 2 mm depth. The number of treatments was divided into 3 treatment groups. The treatment groups were divided based on the preheating treatment temperature of 37°C, 60°C, and control group. The surface hardness test was carried out using Vicker's microhardness tester.Result: The statistical One Way ANOVA test showed a significant result between the groups (p<0,05). LSD test (Least Significance Difference test) showed a significant result between the treatment temperature of 37°C, 60°C, and control group (p<0,05).Conclusion: The result of the giomer surface hardness test with preheating showed a higher result than the control group. The preheating group with a temperature of 60°C had the highest result
Eâ€cigarettes effect on periodontal health: a systematic review
Get PDFBackground: Smoking is well known risk factors that promote periodontal tissue destruction. Both smoking and periodontitis nowadays consider as a common health problem globally. As smoking habit evolution, electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) have emerged as an alternative to cigarettes. The number of E-cigs smoker or vaping users around the world are increasing. However, information about the effect of E-cigs on periodontium is very lacking lately. The study aimed to compare the effect of cigarette consumption on periodontium by clinical health parameters between all smokers’ type.Method: This review follows the PRISMA guidelines. Document search was carried out in PubMed, Ebsco Host and Scopus using the keywords or phrases: (periodontal health) AND (((((electronic cigarette) OR Vaping) OR e-cig) OR electronic nicotine delivery system) OR nicotine delivery system). A total of 137 articles were obtained after the duplicates were eliminated and five articles were considered met the eligibility criteria for systematic review. Result: This review found that E-cigs are less harmful compared to tobacco cigarettes, with comparable result between E-cigs smoker and non-smoker on some clinical periodontal health parameters for mean probing depth, clinical attachment loss, score of plaque index (PI) and papillary bleeding index (PBI) as well. In contrast, the study reveals that bleeding on probing level was higher among non-smokers than smokers.Conclusion: E-cigs are less harmful compared to tobacco cigarettes on some clinical periodontal health parameters. This result should be interpreted with caution because there is currently insufficient data to investigate the effect of E-cigs on periodontal health through clinical parameters
Metabolism-independent phenomenon in ethanolic propolis inhibitory capacity towards enterococcus spp proteolytic activity
Get PDFBackground: Root canal bacteria produce many virulence factors which are responsible for endodontic pathological states. Bacteria are assumed to utilize energy from bacterial cell metabolism activity for producing these virulence factors. Propolis extracts are commonly reported to have antibacterial abilities against dental pathogens. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible correlation between bacterial proteolytic and metabolism activities under the treatment of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP).Method: The 0.00125%; 0.05%; 0.1%; 0.2%; 0.4%; and 0.8% ethanolic propolis were prepared for recovery rate confirmative procedure, proteolytic, and metabolism activity assay, with 2% of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) was used as a positive control. The bacteria were cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) media after EEP treatment. Bacterial suspension was initially prepared in broth culture dilution with BHI media, followed by the gelatin liquefaction measurement for proteolytic assay. Phenol-red and arginine dehydrogenase enriched media for observing both carbohydrate and arginine metabolism activities, respectively, in the clinical Enterococcus spp. and E. faecalis ATCC 29212.Result: The recovery rate of the bacteria was not terminated after several EEP treatments. Proteolytic activity of the bacteria was likely decreased in several EEP treatments. EEP tended to affect the carbohydrate and arginine metabolism of the bacteria in certain fashions.Conclusion: This study suggested that the EEP treatment affected both proteolytic and metabolism activity in negative regulation tendencies
ANALYSIS OF DENTIGEROUS CYST, AMELOBLASTOMA, AND ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPH AND CBCT: A SCOPING REVIEW
Get PDFBackground: The radiographic images similarity of a dentigerous cyst, ameloblastoma, and odontogenic keratocyst can lead to misdiagnosis. The radiographic images of these lesions can be analyzed using panoramic radiographs and CBCT with quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. The purpose of this study was to find out what radiographic methods is better to used on panoramic radiograph and cbct to analysis these lesions so that the diagnose could be more objective, to determine the characteristics of these lesions, and to determine the use of CBCT and panoramic radiography in establishing radiodiagnosis of these lesions.Method: This research was conducted using a scoping review, through searching for articles related to the research topic in Pubmed, EBSCOHost, and Google Scholar. Result: Fifty-eight studies and case reports were reviewed in this study. This study analyzed these lesions using quantitative methods based on buccolingual size, density, and lesion volume using CBCT. Qualitative methods were used to analyze border and shapes, associations, internal structures, and locations using panoramic radiography and CBCT. Based on the cases studied, size, border, and shape of these lesions were the least optimal characteristics analyzed by panoramic radiography and CBCT.Conclusion: Ameloblastoma has a higher incidence of multilocular forms than OKC and dentigerous cysts and causes tooth resorption, while dentigerous cysts often cause tooth displacement. CBCT can be a gold standard in analyzing dentigerous cyst, ameloblastoma, and odontogenic keratocyst. Analysis of CBCT images could be more objective because it can be carried out using quantitative methods for calculating the density, volume, and size of the buccolingual expansion. Based on the case reports reviewed, size, border, and shape are the least used in determining suspected radiodiagnosis
THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND STAGING OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: CASE REPORTS
Get PDFBackground: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is oral cancer with various clinical presentations. Therefore, to assist in establishing the diagnosis, supporting examinations are needed, one of which is MRI which is non-invasive and harmless to the patient. This case report aims to describe 3 suspected cases of OSCC and the differential diagnosis of chronic traumatic ulcers using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to support the diagnosis and staging of OSCC.Case Report: The first case a 73-years-old woman, complained of canker sores, pain, difficulty chewing since 3 months. Intraoral examination revealed ulcers, irregular, positive induration, 0.5x1cm in size, on the right lateral tongue, tooth region 46. Histopathological examination was performed and the results showed invasion of malignant cells. An MRI was performed with a suspected malignant neoplasm at stage T1N0. The second case, a 45-years-old woman, complained of canker sores on the right tongue, pain and stiffness, since 2 months. Intraoral examination revealed ulcers, irregular, positive induration, size 2x5cm, on the right lateral tongue, tooth region 46-48. On MRI examination, an inhomogeneous solid mass was seen in the right corpus glossus area, accompanied by enlarged lymph nodes. The third case, a 83-years-old woman, complained of canker sores, pain when swallowing, since 3 weeks. Intraoral examination revealed an ulcer, irregular, positive induration, 2mm in size, on therright side of the tongue, in the region of 16 roots. MRI examination showed nodules measuring 9x17mm, suspected inflammatory/infectious lesions accompanied by acute tonsillitis right, less supportive of malignant neoplasms.Conclusion: Non-invasive MRI plays an important role in establishing a definitive diagnosis and staging OSC
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RINSING WITH CELERY LEAFS (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) EXTRACT 10% AND CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE 0.1% TO ACCELERATE POST-SCALING GINGIVITIS HEALING
Get PDFBackground: Gingivitis is a periodontal disease caused by accumulation of bacteria plaque on the tooth surface. The primary treatment of gingivitis by removing its etiologic factors that found in phase I of periodontal therapy is scaling and plaque control. Healing process of gingivitis takes time, therefore sometimes using antimicrobial and antiinflamatory drugs as an adjunctive therapy is needed. The use of celery extract as mouthwash containing flavonoid (apiin and apigenin) works as antibacterial and antiinflamatory agent. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the use of celery leafs extract (Apium graveolens L.) 10% and Chlorhexidine glukonat 0.1% as mouthwash to accelerate the healing process of gingivitis after scaling and root planing.Method: Experimental study using pre and post-test control group design. Samples were taken from FKG UNMAS students and RSGM FKG UNMAS patients within the period that met the inclusion criteria of caries patients, male sex, age 18-25 years old, with exclusion systemic disease and undergo orthodontic treatment, denture or prosthesis others. Subjects have index teeth (11, 16, 26, 36, 31, 46) and willing to take part in the research. A total of 32 samples divided into two groups by simple random sampling technique. Group I as control group rinsing with chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1% after scaling and Group II as experimental group rinsing with celery leaf extract 10% after scalingResult: The mean of gingival index pre-post treatment in group I: 1,29+0,11 and group II: 1,09+ 0,16. Data analyzed with independent t-test, and the results shows no significant difference between both group (p=0,071) Conclusion: Gargling for three days showed no significant difference between gargling with celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) 10% and chlorhexidine gluconate 0.1% because it was equally effective at treating post-scaling gingivitis
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRACTICE PREPAREDNESS AND DENTISTS’ MENTAL CONDITION IN SEMARANG DURING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) PANDEMIC
Get PDFBackground: This study aims to discover the practice preparedness and dentists’ mental condition in Semarang during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Method: This is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional online study design. Subjects in this study is 171 members of persatuan dokter gigi Indonesia (PDGI) Semarang branch. Research subject was asked to fill questionnaire on practice preparedness during COVID-19 pandemic and depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-42) in Indonesian shared by researchers through Google form link. Data was analyzed using Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney, and multinomial logistic regression tests.Result: Bivariate test result showed significant correlation between practice preparedness and DASS depression score (p =0.021 and r=-0.176) and anxiety DASS score (p=0.018 and r=-0.181). There was a significant correlation between training and DASS score depression (p=0.023), anxiety (p=0.025), and stress (p=0.040). Multinomial logistic regression multivariate test result depicted a significant relationship between training and moderate depression (p=0.04 and OR=5.65). Dentists with no training have a higher risk of 5.65 times on moderate depression compared to those with training during COVID-19 pandemic and infectious disease prevention and control training.Conclusion: The better practice preparedness, the milder depression and anxiety of dentists during pandemic. Practice preparedness does not affect dentists’ stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Training may also have an impact on dentists’ depression during COVID-19 pandemic
THE DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON “X†UNIVERSITY’s STUDENTS
Get PDFBackground: As of 9th March 2020, World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic. The government takes a policy to implement social restrictions aim to restrict COVID-19. The restrictions includes restricted social gatherings, public facilities and closed the schools, so the student can only do learn and their activities from home. This pandemic also affected daily life with physical activity will be impaired and increased sedentary behavior. Method: A descriptive study with cross-sectional design to describe the physical activity and sedentary behavior on university student during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity and sedentary behavior was assessed using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The participant of this study were taken using stratified random sampling, and consisted of 297 students drawn proportionally from 9 faculties.Result: The results showed that 129 students (43,4%) included in moderate physical activity category, 92 students (31%) included in low category, and 76 students (25,6%) included in high category. Overall, the average of GPAQ score of 2347 METs per week indicates that students’ physical activity is in moderate category. Male students were more physically active (3448.9METs) than female (1778.6 METs). The study also determine that most of the student had sedentary behavior by sitting or lying down about 327,9 minutes per day.Conclusion: The conclusion is students of different faculties had different physical activity level during this pandemic. Most of the students is in moderate physical activity category and high sedentary behavior
Bacteria inhibition of platelet concentrates with and without pre-centrifugation metronidazole incorporation on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Get PDFBackground: Local administration of antibiotics was one of many approaches for the management of localized periodontal infection with the advantages of smaller total dosage delivered into the pocket, avoiding systemic antibiotic side effects, and increasing the exposure of target microorganism to higher concentration. Incorporating antibiotics into platelet concentrates can be considered for local antibiotic administration.Method: The sample in this study used Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans which was divided into 4 partitions on each plate. Each plate was applied with Platelets Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Injectable Platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF) incorporated with metronidazole pre-centrifugation and two negative controls (PRF and I-PRF without metronidazole). The observation was performed after 1 day and 7 days of incubation by measuring inhibition zone diameter using vernier caliper. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc LSD.Result: I-PRF with metronidazole had the highest bacteria inhibition compared with other groups (p<0,05) on incubation day 1 and 7; I-PRF and PRF with metronidazole showed higher bacteria inhibition compared with I-PRF and PRF without metronidazole (p<0,05).Conclusion: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans inhibition of PRF and I-PRF incorporated with metronidazole was greater compared to PRF and I-PRF without incorporating metronidazole, and A. actinomycetemcomitans inhibition of I-PRF incorporated with metronidazole was greater than PRF incorporated with metronidazole
COMBINATION OF DECIDUAL DENTAL STEM CELL AND PLATELET RICH PLASMA IN FIBROBLAST FORMATION IN THE JAWBONE REGENERATION OF WISTAR RATS
Get PDFBackground: Orthodontic tooth movement is caused by mechanichal forces that cause pseudo-inflammation with the result that FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factors) was activated. The combination of SHED (Stem Cell From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Theeth) and PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) hydrogels can affect the formation of fibroblast in the alveolar bone regeneration. The purpose of this study is the effect determination of SHED and PRP hydrogels for fibroblast formation in alveolar bone regeneration in wistar rats.Method: An experimental study was held using post-test only control group design. There were four groups, namely the PRP hydrogel group, the SHED hydrogel group, the SHED and PRP hydrogel group, and the povidone iodine group (n=8) treated with orthodontic tooth movement. Their mandibular tissue was made as histologycal slide, and the FGF expression were observed microscopically with 100x magnification. The data analyzed by ANNOVA and LSD test.Result: There was a significant effect of the combination of SHED and PRP hydrogel in ordering fibroblast in alveolar bone regeneration by ANNOVA test 0.001 (<0.05). This is because SHED and PRP are able to stimulate FGF expression through external stimulation.Conclusion: It concluded that the combination of SHED and PRP hydrogel affected fibroblast formation on alveolar bone regeneration in wistar rat