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Il centro nazionale per il futuro della biodiversità e le sfide della biodiversità: ricerca, comunicazione e sensibilizzazione. Intervista a Gianluca Sarà
No full textThe national biodiversity future centre and the challenges of biodiversity: research, communication and awareness raising. Interview with Gianluca Sarà
This interview with Gianluca Sarà - Professor of Ecology, head of the Ecology Laboratory (EEB) at the Earth and Marine Sciences Department (DISTEM) of Palermo University (Italy) and head of Spoke 1 of the National Biodiversity Future Centre (NFBC) - aims to provide an overview of the National Biodiversity Future Centre, the first National Research and Innovation Centre dedicated to biodiversity, funded by the MUR through European Union funds - NextGenerationEU. An ambitious project that combines science, technology and applied research and brings together researchers from universities, research centres and companies throughout Italy, from scientific disciplines that are apparently very distant from each other, with the conviction that the diversity of theoretical approaches is an asset for investigating biodiversity. The interview aims to highlight the role that aesthetics and the arts can play in promoting not only more effective communication of scientific research on biodiversity to the general public, but also (and perhaps above all) in raising awareness of the dangers of increasing biodiversity loss, appealing to languages and practices other than those of science.Questa intervista con Gianluca Sarà - Professore di Ecologia, responsabile del Laboratorio di Ecologia (EEB) presso il Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DISTEM) dell’Università di Palermo (Italia) e responsabile dello Spoke 1 del National Biodiversity Future Centre (NBFC) - ha lo scopo di fornire una panoramica del Centro Nazionale per il Futuro della Biodiversità, il primo Centro Nazionale di Ricerca e Innovazione dedicato alla biodiversità, finanziato dal MUR attraverso i fondi dell’Unione Europea - NextGenerationEU. Un progetto ambizioso che combina scienza, tecnologia e ricerca applicata e riunisce ricercatori provenienti da università, centri di ricerca e aziende di tutta Italia, rappresentanti di discipline scientifiche apparentemente molto distanti tra loro, con la convinzione che la diversità degli approcci teorici rappresenti una risorsa per lo studio della biodiversità. L’intervista mira a mettere in evidenza il ruolo che l’estetica e le arti possono svolgere nel promuovere non solo una comunicazione più efficace della ricerca scientifica sulla biodiversità al grande pubblico, ma anche (e forse soprattutto) nella sensibilizzazione sui pericoli della crescente perdita di biodiversità, facendo appello a linguaggi e pratiche diversi da quelli scientifici
The Task of the Human-Machine Translator: Scaling Intelligence and Preserving Transcendence.
No full textWalter Benjamin’s seminal 1923 essay «Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers» (The Task of the Translator) provides one of the most profound philosophical frameworks for understanding translation as a transcendent act that reveals the «pure language» underlying all human expression. In the era of large language models (LLMs) and neural machine translation, Benjamin’s concepts of textual «afterlife», linguistic kinship, and the philosophical versus practical divide in translation take on unprecedented urgency. This essay examines how the scaling of intelligence – from Qwen2.5-32B to 72B parameter models – simultaneously approaches and reveals the fundamental limitations of computational approaches to translation, particularly in the context of classical Chinese texts. Through analysis of contemporary scaling laws, linguistic challenges specific to classical Chinese, and emerging human-machine collaborative frameworks, this work argues that effective translation in the AI era requires what The Economist termed «cyborg translation» – a synergy that preserves human interpretive authority while leveraging machine computational power. The essay demonstrates that while scaling laws show diminishing returns and performance plateaus, the integration of philosophical understanding with technical innovation offers pathways toward translation systems that honor both Benjamin’s transcendent vision and practical computational constraints.Walter Benjamin’s seminal 1923 essay «Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers» (The Task of the Translator) provides one of the most profound philosophical frameworks for understanding translation as a transcendent act that reveals the «pure language» underlying all human expression. In the era of large language models (LLMs) and neural machine translation, Benjamin’s concepts of textual «afterlife», linguistic kinship, and the philosophical versus practical divide in translation take on unprecedented urgency. This essay examines how the scaling of intelligence – from Qwen2.5-32B to 72B parameter models – simultaneously approaches and reveals the fundamental limitations of computational approaches to translation, particularly in the context of classical Chinese texts. Through analysis of contemporary scaling laws, linguistic challenges specific to classical Chinese, and emerging human-machine collaborative frameworks, this work argues that effective translation in the AI era requires what The Economist termed «cyborg translation» – a synergy that preserves human interpretive authority while leveraging machine computational power. The essay demonstrates that while scaling laws show diminishing returns and performance plateaus, the integration of philosophical understanding with technical innovation offers pathways toward translation systems that honor both Benjamin’s transcendent vision and practical computational constraints
Immersion as Fiction: Divergent Uses of Emotion in Artistic and Occupational Virtual Reality
No full textThis paper investigates the relationship between immersion, emotion, and imagination in virtual reality (VR), focusing on two seemingly distant domains: Alejandro G. Iñárritu’s installation Carne y Arena (2017) and VR-based workplace safety training. Both cases demonstrate that simulated environments can elicit authentic emotional responses – such as fear, stress, or vulnerability – yet the implications of these experiences diverge sharply. Drawing on theories of presence and the “paradox of fiction”, we argue that VR should be understood not as a substitute for imagination but as a heightened form of fiction that depends on the user’s willingness to engage in make-believe. While Carne y Arena frames affect as an entry point for moral imagination within an explicit artistic and symbolic context, occupational safety training instrumentalizes emotion as a means of behavioral conditioning within a productivist framework. The danger in both domains lies not in immersive experience itself but in mistaking a single simulation for the fullness of lived reality.This paper investigates the relationship between immersion, emotion, and imagination in virtual reality (VR), focusing on two seemingly distant domains: Alejandro G. Iñárritu’s installation Carne y Arena (2017) and VR-based workplace safety training. Both cases demonstrate that simulated environments can elicit authentic emotional responses – such as fear, stress, or vulnerability – yet the implications of these experiences diverge sharply. Drawing on theories of presence and the “paradox of fiction”, we argue that VR should be understood not as a substitute for imagination but as a heightened form of fiction that depends on the user’s willingness to engage in make-believe. While Carne y Arena frames affect as an entry point for moral imagination within an explicit artistic and symbolic context, occupational safety training instrumentalizes emotion as a means of behavioral conditioning within a productivist framework. The danger in both domains lies not in immersive experience itself but in mistaking a single simulation for the fullness of lived reality
Religious minorities in times of crisis: the growing threats of discrimination, securitisation, and nationalism
No full textIn an increasingly unstable world with record-setting high levels of conflicts, displacement, environmental change and inequalities, religious and other minorities run the risk of being demonised and scapegoated. Portrayed as threats, of being disloyal to the State or of ‘not assimilating sufficiently, religious and other minorities run the risk of being ‘otherised’ in the rising rhetoric of nationalistic populism used by political actors in an increasing number of regions of the world - and denied their basic rights to equality without any discrimination.In un mondo sempre più instabile, con livelli record di conflitti, sfollamenti, cambiamenti ambientali e disuguaglianze, le minoranze religiose e di altro tipo corrono il rischio di essere demonizzate e usate come capri espiatori. Descritte come minacce, come persone sleali verso lo Stato o come "non sufficientemente assimilate", le minoranze religiose e di altro tipo corrono il rischio di essere "alterizzate" nella crescente retorica del populismo nazionalista utilizzata dagli attori politici in un numero crescente di regioni del mondo, e di vedersi negati i loro diritti fondamentali all\u27uguaglianza senza alcuna discriminazione
Historical Titles of the Roman Pope and his Universal Jurisdiction in Episcopal Appointments
No full textIf papal authority over the Latin Church can be linked to the ultra-metropolitan jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome as Patriarch of the West in the first millennium, as well as to his primacy over the Italian Church during the same period, the pontifical solicitude towards the Eastern Catholic Churches realises the exercise of the full ordinary and immediate power of the Roman Pontiff, a solicitude that takes concrete form in a variety of ways to protect and safeguard their traditions and ecclesial specificities.Se la potestà pontificia nei confronti della Chiesa latina può essere collegata alla giurisdizione ultra-metropolitana del vescovo di Roma come patriarca d’Occidente nel primo millennio nonché alla primazia nei riguardi della Chiesa italiana nello stesso periodo, la sollicitudo pontificia nei confronti delle Chiese cattoliche orientali realizza l’esercizio delle potestà piena ordinaria e immediata del Romano Pontefice, una sollicitudo che si concretizza in una pluralità di tipologie a tutela e salvaguardia delle loro tradizioni e specificità ecclesiali
The problem of art: technique in Benjamin’s early aesthetics
No full text___Walter Benjamin\u27s reflection on technology and its impact on aesthetics is undoubtedly one of the most influential. Benjamin has shown us the enormous change that art is undergoing thanks to or because of new forms of artistic production such as photography and cinema. The purpose of this article is to show how Benjamin\u27s confrontation with the technical and technological component of works of art does not actually begin with his engagement with new media. In an attempt to pursue this objective, it will be shown how the technical element and the associated crisis of traditional aesthetic values are of central importance from his earliest writings on literary criticism and philosophy of art. This will be possible by highlighting the extreme relevance of the theoretical category of "problem" in the young Benjamin, which will allow us to place him within that problem-solving culture that represents one of the most important theoretical strands of modern philosophy
«E non es vernisada». La critica al «maquillage» nella lirica trobadorica
No full textThe article provides a brief examination of the various occurrences of make-up in troubadour poetry. What emerges is a critical attitude of the troubadours towards cosmetics and the female use of blush and make-up. On the one hand the made-up woman is portrayed as mala dompna, inconstant and frivolous, on the other hand she is the object of a parodic reversal, following a trend that will continue until Italian comic-realist poetry.L’articolo fornisce un breve esame delle diverse occorrenze del trucco nella poesia dei trovatori. Quello che emerge è un atteggiamento critico dei trovatori nei confronti della cosmesi e del ricorso femminile a ciprie e belletti. Da un lato la donna truccata viene ritratta come mala dompna, incostante e frivola, dall’altro è oggetto di un rovesciamento parodico, secondo una tendenza che andrà avanti fino alla poesia comico-realistica italiana
Nota sulle frottole in contrasto
No full textThe paper adds a new witness to the tradition of two previously publisheed frottole from the fourteenth century. After providing a description of the manuscript, it proceeds to integrate the witness within the already examined tradition in order to update the stemma codicum and the critical apparatus.L’articolo aggiunge un nuovo testimone alla tradizione di due frottole in contrasto precedentemente pubblicate. Dopo aver fornito una descrizione del manoscritto, si procede a integrare la testimonianza entro la tradizione già indagata per aggiornare gli stemmi e gli apparati critici
Il lessico italoromanzo del diritto commerciale in prospettiva onomasiologica. Materiali preparatori allo «Historical Lexicon of Commercial Law. Italian, Latin, German»
No full textIl progetto ERC-2020-CoG MICOLL-Migrating Commercial Law and Language. Rethinking Lex Mercatoria (11th-17th Century) si propone di analizzare la terminologia del diritto commerciale europeo impiegata nel corso del Medioevo e della prima età moderna tramite la realizzazione di una risorsa informatica denominata Historical Lexicon of Commercial Law. Italian, Latin, German (HLCL). Nel presente contributo si illustrano le principali caratteristiche di tale risorsa e si offre un saggio di glossario onomasiologico del lessico giuridico-commerciale in uso nei volgari italoromanzi tra le Origini e il XVI secolo.The ERC-2020-CoG project MICOLL-Migrating Commercial Law and Language. Rethinking Lex Mercatoria (11th-17th Century) aims to analyse the terminology of European commercial law used during the medieval and early modern periods through the development of an IT tool called Historical Lexicon of Commercial Law. Italian, Latin, German (HLCL). This contribution presents the main features of the resource and provides an onomasiological glossary of commercial law terminology used in the Italo-Romance vernaculars between the 11th and 16th centuries
Linguistic aspects of contemporary radio entertainment: a comparison of two programmes
No full textIl contributo ha lo scopo di prendere in esame gli aspetti linguistici più significativi dell’intrattenimento radiofonico contemporaneo, attraverso l’analisi di alcune puntate di due programmi di successo, Say Waaad? (Radio Deejay) e La versione di Andrea (Rai Radio2), andate in onda tra il 2024 e il 2025.
Lo studio si concentra in particolare sull’intervista, che rappresenta il momento centrale in entrambe le trasmissioni. Il confronto tra i due programmi fa emergere sia i tratti linguistici comuni, tipici dell’intrattenimento leggero, sia alcune differenze soprattutto dal punto di vista lessicale e nell’interazione con l’ospite.The article aims to study the most significant linguistic aspects of contemporary radio entertainment, through the analysis of some episodes of two successful programmes, Say Waaad? (Radio Deejay) and La versione di Andrea (Rai Radio2), aired between 2024 and 2025.
The study focuses in particular on the interview, which is the central moment in both programmes. A comparison of the two shows reveals both common linguistic traits, typical of light entertainment, and some differences, especially in lexicon and in the interaction with the guest