Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Status gizi, asupan energi, dan serat sebagai faktor risiko kardiometabolik pada remaja pendek
Get PDFBackground: Prevalence of stunted adolescents is important because related with the cardiometabolic risk factor. Control of risk factors reduces the comorbidity including body mass index (BMI) control. Improvement of environmental factors such as energy and fiber intake contribute to reducing disease risk. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship of a stunted adolescent with BMI, energy and fiber intake. Method: This study used cross-sectional design. The subject consisted of early adolescents with 10 to 14 years old in Jatinangor district, West Java. Determination of short stature and BMI refers to the WHO Growth Chart 2005. Data collection by the measure of height, weight, BMI calculation, and interviewed food intake by 3x24 hour food recall and analyzed with Nutrisurvey program. Statistical analysis by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 212 participants (106 stunted and 106 non-stunted) were enrolled. The proportion of stunted girls is 58 (54,9%) and stunted boys 48 (45,1%). Average of BMI in stunted is 17,15 (2,59) kg/m2 and 18,38 (3,33) kg/m2 in non-stunted, energy intake is 1.488,83 (513,52)kcal in stunted and 1.704,32 (663,49) in non-stunted, fiber intake is 4,36 (1,18) g in stunted and 4,53 (2,15) g in non stunted. There are significant differences in all variables between stunted and non-stunted with a p value for BMI 0,017, in energy intake 0,034 and fiber intake 0,032. BMI showed the correlation with disease risk. including cardiometabolic diseases in stunting. Energy intake and low fiber in growth age increase the risk of cardiometabolic diseases because in stunting have a low metabolic adaptation in protein synthesis and fat oxidation. Conclusion: The study shows there is a difference between BMI, energy intake and fiber in the stunted adolescent and non-stunted adolescent. Further research needs to analyze another risk fctor and intervention to improve nutrition status and metabolic condition
Pengaruh asupan Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B12, dan vitamin C terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada remaja vegan
Get PDFBackground: Vegan has become a diet that started to be many people's choice. Low intake of iron and vitamin B12 is factors that can cause anemia in vegan. On the other side vegans often consume vegetables and fruits that contained high of vitamin A and vitamin C which helps the absorption of iron, that can help prevent anemia.Objective: The purpose of the research know the effect of the intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin C on hemoglobin (Hb)levels in young Buddhist vegan Pusdiklat Maitreyawira.Method: This research uses cross-sectional design. The population in this study are all adolescent vegan in the Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira. Samples in this study were 31 peoples. Independent variable is an intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, and vitamin C was obtained by SQ-FFQ, while the dependent variable was Hb with hemoglobin testing system quick-check set. Analysis of the data in this study using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression.Results: There is a relationship intake of iron (p=0,000), vitamin B12 (p=0,037), and vitamin C (p=0,000) to Hb level of adolescent vegan in Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira, there is no relationship intake of vitamin A with a Hb level of adolescent vegan (p=0,220). The result of multivariate analysis using multiple regression analysis of the variables that most influence haemoglobin levels of adolescent vegan are the intake of iron and vitamin C. Each increase of 1 mg Fe intake will increase the Hb concentration as much as 0.013 g/dl and increase of 1 mg of vitamin C intake will increase Hb levels as much as 0.002 g/dl.Conclusion: Iron and vitamin C intake is the most influence factors to hemoglobin levels of adolescent vegan in Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira
Screen based activity sebagai faktor risiko kegemukan pada anak prasekolah
Get PDFBackground: Obesity in children increased health risk and the high cost of treatment of obesity. Extensive screen based activity (SBA) are sedentary behavior which is contributing to childhood obesity. Objective: to analyze the risk of the duration of SBA with obesity among preschool children in Yogyakarta city. Method: The study design was case-control study between obese and non-obese preschool children. A hundred and one pairs (obese and non-obese) subjects aged 3-5 years old who enrolled in preschools in Yogyakarta was obtained from screening. The school was selected using Probability Proportional to Size method. The case and control were matching by age and gender. Obesity was defined by WHZ-score > 2 SD. Preschool Physical Activity Questionnaire (PrePAQ) was used to collect the information on duration of SBA. Data duration SBA asked at weekdays and weekend. Data was analyzed using t-test and conditional logistic regression test. Results: children duration of SBA at weekend and parents duration of SBA were not statistically associated with obesity occurrence in children (p>0, 05). Obese children spent 48 minutes longer engaged in SBA compared to the non-obese children in weekdays.Conclusion: Children duration of SBA at weekdays could increase the risk of obesity occurrence among preschool children in Yogyakart
Depresi, ansietas dan stres serta hubungannya dengan obesitas pada remaja
Get PDFBackground: Obesity can occur in all ages, including adolescents. Multiple factors were known related to obesity including psychological factor. Eating excessively could be response toward loneliness, grief or depression. Anxiety can contribute to determining the food intake and nutrient substance, and stress can cause behavioral disorders such as abnormal (excessive) eating behavior that leads to obesity. Objective: The aimed of this research was to know depression, anxiety, and stress and their relationship with obesity in adolescents in Pekanbaru. Method: A cross-sectional research was performed, involving 132 subjects taken from 7 of 14 State Senior High Schools in Pekanbaru, 66 subjects were overweight/obese and 66 subjects were normal. Body mass index per age was used to determine their nutritional status according to Indonesian Ministry of Health Standard 2010 for nutritional status of 5-18 years old children. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by using DASS 42 Scale, and categorized only into normal or having depression/anxiety/stress. Data were statistically analyzed by using Chi-Square test with significance level 95%.Results: The results showed 17.4% subjects were categorized depression, 65.2% were anxiety and 34.8% were stress. Statistically analyzed using Fisher test showed that there was significant association between depression with obesity (p=0.003, OR=0,219) and stress with obesity (p=0.044, OR=0,028).Conclusion: Psychological aspects such as depression and stress were related to obesity in State Senior High Schools Students in Pekanbar
Distorsi citra tubuh, perilaku makan, dan fad diets pada remaja putri di Yogyakarta
Get PDFBackground: Vast changing environment and culture including mass media which commonly shows models with a very slim body may cause teenage girls feel fatty and not confident despite their normal body weight. This misperception may influence eating behavior and encourage them to lose weight by involving in some instant diets, for example, fad diets.Objective: To identify relationships between body image distortion, eating behavior, and fad diets among female adolescents in Yogyakarta.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study on 123 school girls at SMAN 8 Yogyakarta who have normal body mass index (BMI) according to WHO category. Body image distortion and eating behavior were evaluated using the Body Image Assesment-Body Dimension (BIAS-BD), and the Eating Attitude Test (EAT)-26, respectively. Fad diets were assessed using a questionnaire adapted from Hana (10) and Rafiqa (11). The hypotheses were tested using chi-square test and Spearman’s correlations.Results: As many as 105 girls (85.4%) showed body image distortion and 15 girls (12.2%) were at risks for having disordered eating behavior. Among 51 girls (42.5%) who experienced or tried to lose weight, 47 girls (92.2%) were practicing fad diets. There was no significant association between body image distortion and disordered eating behavior, nor between body image distortion and fad diets. However, disordered eating behavior was significantly associated with fad diets with OR = 7,077 (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between disordered eating behavior and fad diets, however, no significant association was found between body image distortion and disordered eating behavior, and between body image distortion and fad diets among female adolescents in Yogyakarta
Potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat biaya rawat inap dan rawat jalan pada balita yang mengalami obesitas sampai dewasa di Indonesia
No full textBackground: Nutrition and balance food very important for pregnant women so that the growth and fetal development can be optimal. Children, excess nutrients will be developed into a child obesity, if not be addressed urgently and left until the children become obese adults will lead to decrease productivity.Objective: To estimate the economic losses potential to obesity on the toddler when adults remain obesity and sick so that issued a maintenance cost (inpatient and outpatient).Method: This was a descriptive study with data processing of a variety of the relevant agencies as well as a secondary data in 2013. Data obtained is calculated using the formula derived from research Pitayatienanan et al. 2014 and correction factor of Guo et al. 2002.Results: Estimation of the economic losses potential due to low productivity is 3.492 – 8.717 billion rupiah/year (0,04 - 0,10%) of the total GDP in Indonesia.Conclusion: Economic losses potential due to the cost of obesity in Indonesia shows the loss of high enough, especially for developing countries. In addition to its prevalence of problems that high, loss also influenced by the changes disease patterns, maintenance of costs each disease comorbidities of obesity itself
Pemberian kombinasi probiotik dan zinc terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin, albumin, dan indeks massa tubuh pada pasien tuberkulosis paru
Get PDFBackground: TB patients are generally the most productive age group and suffer from chronic energy deficiency. Therefore, patients with TB requires a combination of chemotherapy and supplementary feeding as probiotics and zinc to boost the immune response and nutritional status.Objective: To analyze the effect of a combined of probiotics and zinc on the changes of hemoglobin, albumin level, and BMI.Method: This study is a quasi-experimental, randomized design with pre-post test control group involving 52 respondents. They were divided into two groups. The treatment group was given a combination of 1 capsule of probiotics (2 billion probiotics) and zinc 20 mg per day for 28 days. The analysis is paired t-test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Pearson, Spearman, Covariance.Results: There was an increase in hemoglobin (p=0.01), albumin (p=0.01) and BMI (p=0.01). There is no difference between the two groups in the levels of hemoglobin parameter (p=0.21) and BMI (p=0.12), whereas there is a difference parameter albumin levels (p=0.01). The effectiveness of interventions is 4% for hemoglobin levels, 16% to albumin, and 1% for IMT.Conclusion: Probiotics and zinc for 28 days in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis may increase levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and BMI, but there is no significant difference in the changes of BMI. The most powerful influence of intervention effectiveness is on albumin
Pemberian kecambah kacang kedelai terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan superoxide dismutase (SOD) tikus Sprague Dawley hiperkolesterolemia
Get PDFBackground: Consumption of foods high in fat that happens in society can cause free radicals and trigger oxidative stress that results in the accumulation of fat cells in the adipose, cells damage and even cells death. An antioxidant activity that originates from food in the body, depends on the number of substances that can be absorbed and used to metabolism process. The selection of groceries that right can be alternatives management in hyperlipidemia. Soybean sprouts have properties that neutralize free radicals cause hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases because it is an antioxidant compound. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of soybean sprouts (Glycine Max) to levels of MDA and levels of SOD of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Method: Research laboratory tests design post only controlled group design. The sample was 30 tailed rat Rattus norvegicus species Sprague Dawley. The rat 8-10 weeks and samples to be divided into 5 group. Group 1 was normal rat without treatment; groups II are hypercholesterolemic rat without treatment; groups III are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 0,53 g; group IV are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 1,06 g; the group V are hypercholesterolemic rat with treatment sprouts soybeans 2,12 g and all groups are treatment for 4 week. Results: After four weeks of treatment, decline MDA levels in the hypercholesterolemic rat. Doses the provision of sprouts soybean 2,12 g/day is dosed most effective shown the significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatment group first to the treatment third group. Statistical analysis to SOD levels show differences meaningful in all the treatment group (p<0.05). Doses the provision of sprouts soybean 2,12 g/day proven effective against elevated levels of sod who demonstrated the significant differences (p=0,004) between the treatment group 1 (X1) to the treatment group 3 (X3). Conclusion: Doses sprouts 2,12 g is dosed optimal in preventing elevated levels of MDA and help improve levels of SOD hypercholesterolemic Sprague-Dawley rats
Perbedaan pengetahuan dan praktik pemberian makan serta perkembangan anak 6-24 bulan pada ibu usia remaja dan dewasa
Get PDFBackground: Preparing quality human resource for the future, children are being the most attention of the growth and development optimally. Critical aged of them is 0-2 years old. Pregnancy and giving birth on adolescence are still being the factors. Knowledge and feeding practice are also factors being the basic need for children development optimally.Objective: To know the difference between knowledge, feeding practice, and children development aged 6-24 months on adolescent and adult mother in Kasihan Primary Health Care, Bantul district, Yogyakarta.Method: This research was observational with a cross-sectional design. It held on July -September 2015 in work area of Kasihan subdistrict, Bantul district, Yogyakarta. Population defined as mother aged 15-40 years that lives in Kasihan subdistrict. The sample was taken using nonprobability consecutive technique sampling. It was got 66 children aged 6-24 months old with no having congenital defects, no following special development stimulation program, and being able and want to follow this research as inclusion criteria. In this research, a mother was measured of knowledge level and feeding practice to her child, even though the child was measured off his/her development using BSID III. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square.Results: Adolescent mothers had a significantly larger proportion of children experiencing developmental disorders and feeding practices are less good compared with adult mothers.Conclusion: Adult mother has better knowledge and feeding practice than adolescent mothers. Adult mother also has a child with better developmental status than adolescent mothers
Konsumsi makanan tinggi natrium, kesukaan rasa asin, berat badan, dan tekanan darah pada anak sekolah
Get PDFBackground: It is a fact that natrium consumption relates to hypertension and the risk of heart disease and stroke. Even though it is common happened in later life, hypertension can be started in early age.Objective: The aim of the study is to identify salty food preference, high natrium food consumption, natrium intake, weight and its correlation with blood pressure among schoolchildren.Method: The study used cross-sectional design. There were 151 samples from junior high school chosen by purposive sampling. Food salty level data was assessed by eating the snack with three different salt concentration. High and low natrium source food and natrium intake data were taken using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer digital. Bivariate analysis was used Chi-square and Rank Spearman test.Results: The study revealed that 74,2% children prefer snack with the salt level above recommendation (> 0,5 gr salt per portion ). There were 22,5% children have natrium intake from food only ≥2000 mg (above recommendation). As much as 35,8% children fall into hypertension category based on their blood pressure (BP) level. There was a significant relationship between high natrium food consumption score with natrium intake (p=0,002). There were significant correlation between weight with systolic and diastolic BP ((p=0,000 r=-0,549 and p=0,000 r=-0,412). There were no correlation between atrium intake with systolic and diastolic BP (p=0,764; r= 0,0025 and p=0,819 r=0,19).Conclusion: Healthy food and maintaining normal weight information and education must be done for children as early as possible