Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia
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Potensi glukomanan pada tepung porang sebagai agen anti-obesitas pada tikus dengan induksi diet tinggi lemak
Get PDFBackground: Epidemiological studies indicate that the global prevalence of obesity has increased. Glucomannan is a water-soluble, non-starch polysaccharide, known as soluble fiber. Glucomannan has the ability to lower blood cholesterol levels and blood glucose levels, weight loss and affects the activity of intestinal and immune system function.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of glucomannan derived from konjac flour as antiobesity agent on body weight and food intake in rats induced by high-fat diet.Method: Research was conducted in the Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya. This study uses a true experimental research design. Animals were divided into six groups, normal group, normal + konjac flour, obese group, obese group + konjac flour 100 mg/kg body weight, obese group + konjac flour 200 mg/kg body weight, obese group + konjac flour 400 mg/kg.Results: Based on One-way ANOVA test, there is a significant difference (p: 0.000) on body weight after konjac flour treatment in all groups. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, there is a difference in food intake in various groups (p = 0.000).Conclusion: It can be concluded that glucomannan derived from konjac flour can decrease body weight and food intake in rats induced by high-fat diet.
Kadar kalsium serum pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 24-59 bulan
Get PDFBackground: Children with stunning as the accumulations of the lack of nutrient or continuous infection are highly at risk to suffer from illness and death. In developing country, there are 165 million children under the age of suffering from stunting. Research done showed that nationally stunting prevalence in 2013 is 37,2 percent. West Borneo is one of the twenty provinces with the stunting prevalence above the national average. During the growth period, children need calcium, especially for ossification. The lack of calcium is mainly caused by inadequate intake and or non-optimal calcium absorption. Some of the previous research has shown that the level of calcium serum of children with stunting has significantly lowered than the normal children.Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the calcium serum level of the children with stunting aged 24-59 months in Pontianak City.Method: This study is a cross-sectional design. It conducted in East Pontianak and North Pontianak subdistricts, from July to August 2015. A number of samples were 90 children. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square, t-test, and logistic regression.Results: There was no significance in serum calcium level between stunting and nonstunting children (p=0,193). The average of the calcium serum level of the stunting children was 12,14±1,97 mg/dl, while the nonstunting children were 12,16±1,63 mg/dl. The t-test showed that there was no significant difference (p=0,966).Conclusion: There is no significant difference of the calcium serum level between the stunting and nonstunting children aged 24- 59 months in Pontianak City (p=0,193)
Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) terhadap profil lipid dan kadar malondialdehida tikus hiperkolesterolemia
Get PDFBackground: Hypercholesterolemic as an indicator of cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Increased oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic triggers lipid peroxidation effect directly on the cell membrane damage and initiate various diseases. The use of natural materials with relatively few side effects is an hypercholesterolemic management alternative. Experimental studies showed that Alfalfa leaf extract had an effective antioxidant activity.Objective: To determine the effect of Alfalfa leaf extract on serum lipids and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of hypercholesterolemic rats.Method: Pre-posttest randomized control group used twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, hypercholesterolemic without treatment (control), hypercholesterolemic with extract at dose 20 mg/200 g/d (X1), dose 40 mg/200 g/d (X2), dose 60 mg/200 g/d (X3) for 21 days after the rats got hypercholesterolemic. Serum lipid was measured by CHOD-PAP method and level of MDA plasma was measured by TBARS method. A hypothesis test was analyzed by One Way ANOVA continued by Post hoc LSD test.Results: Alfalfa extract significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (114.18±3.0 mg/dl; p<0.001). LDL cholesterol level was the lowest in group X3 (45.26±6.03 mg/dL; p<0.001), and triglycerides level was the lowest in group X3 (77.33±2.69 mg/dL; p<0.001). There were no differences in MDA plasma level was the lowest in the group X3 (2.07±0.09 nmol/ml; p<0.001) and a significant increase in serum HDL cholesterol (43.21±7.80 mg/dL; p<0.001).Conclusion: The treatment of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) leaf extract gives an effect of lower total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, MDA and gives an effect higher HDL cholesterol
Pengaruh ekstrak teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) plasma dan kekuatan genggam tangan lanjut usia
Get PDFBackground: Prevalence of Indonesian elderly has now reached 7%, which is considerably high. Physical performance is an important health status indicator in elderly. Declining of physical performance such as hand grip strength in elderly is related to oxidative stress. Furthermore, oxidative stress plays an important role on the decreasing of skeletal muscle function. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) is a lipid peroxidation residue that is often used as an oxidative stress biomarker. Meanwhile, tea is the most widely drunk beverage after water. Green tea contains antioxidants that can reduce the damages caused by oxidative stress. Objective: To assess the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on plasma malondialdehyde level and hand grip strength of elderly.Method: This was a double-blind experimental with pre-post test and control group. Fifty-seven elderly people from Balai Pelayanan Social Tresna Wredha (BPSTW) Abiyoso and Budi Luhur who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups. During 30 days, the first group was given 2 capsules of GTE a day (±168 mg catechin and 95 mg Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and the second group was given a placebo. MDA was measured by thiobarbituric acid (TBA)method and hand grip strength was measured by handgrip hand grip dynamometer. Results: There was a significant decreasing MDA (p<0,05) in the GTE group, but not in the placebo group. There was also increasing handgrip strength in the GTE group but not in the placebo group. Conclusion: Green tea extract can prevent increasing MDA and declining physical handgrip strength in elderly
Asupan protein, kalsium dan fosfor pada anak stunting dan tidak stunting usia 24-59 bulan
Get PDFBackground: Indonesia is one of developing country which still facing a serious problem concerning stunting. Causes of stunting is a complex things, one of the cause is protein intake which is have effect on the level plasma insulin growth factor I (IGF-I), protein bone matrix and growth factor, also calcium and phosphorus that has an important role in bone formation. One of the province in Indonesia which has stunting prevalence above level of National prevalence is West Borneo. Pontianak as the capital city of West Borneo is still facing serious problem concerning stunting and the low level of food security.Objective: Analyze protein, calcium and phosphorus intake of stunting and non stunting children aged 24-49 months in Pontianak.Method: The study was an analytical observational with cross sectional design. Samples of the study were children aged 24-59 months in the districts of East Pontianak and North Pontianak, West Borneo, as much as 90 samples have been chosen by using simple random sampling technique. The research was conducted from July - August 2015. Statistical analysis was performed by using chi square and t-test.Results: Protein, calcium and phosphorus intake are lower to the stunting compare to non stunting children (p<0,05). Stunting prevalence of lower protein group is higher 1,87 times than adequate protein intake group. Stunting prevalence of low calcium intake group is higher 3,625 times than adequate calcium intake group. Moreover, the stunting prevalence of low phosphor intake group is higher 2,29 times than adequate phosphor intake group.Conclusion: Protein, calcium and phosphor intake significant lower to the stunting compare to non stunting children aged 24- 59 months in Pontianak.
Status ketersediaan makanan dan status gizi ibu sebagai faktor risiko kegemukan pada anak prasekolah
Get PDFBackground: Childhood obesity is a strong predictor of adult obesity incidence and can increase risk factors for getting chronic diseases. The causes of obesity are multifactor, determined by genetic and food environment changes. Risk factors believed to be the cause of obesity are home food availability status and maternal obesity.Objective: To analyze the risk of home food availability status and maternal obesity to obesity in preschool children aged 3-5 years. Method: This study was a matched case-control study. The case of this study was obese preschool children (Z-score WHZ > 2 SD) and control of this study was non-obese preschool children (Z-score WHZ -2 ≤ SD ≤ 2). Control group was taken by an age and gender matching with the case group. Based on the nutritional status screening result of 53 early childhood education (ECD) schools on 13 sub-districts in Kota Yogyakarta, there were 101 obese children and 101 non-obese children. Those schools were chosen by cluster sampling method and PPS (Probability Proportional to Size). Besides, information about home food availability status and maternal obesity was collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using McNemar test and conditional logistic regression. Results: Home food availability status (OR = 1.85; p=0.03; 95% CI=1.08-3.16) and maternal obesity (OR=2.5; p=0.003; 95% CI=1.37-4.55) were the most dominant risk factor related to the incidence of obesity in preschool children aged 3-5 years.Conclusion: Home food availability status and maternal obesity significantly increase the risk for getting obese in preschool children aged 3-5 years
Thermogenic effect and substrate oxidation of protein from animal and plant sources in adults
Get PDFBackground: Changing nutrient source is one of the efforts to increase thermogenic effect (TEF) which may be significant for body weight reduction.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high protein diets using animal (chicken) and plant (tofu) sources on the thermogenic effect (TEF) and substrate oxidation.Method: Ten female adults (mean age 20.8+1.2 y) participated in two isocaloric diet ingestions. Each meal provided 30% of the daily basal energy need (32/26/42% as protein/fat/carbohydrates, respectively). Postprandial energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry.Results: There were no significant differences in TEF and substrate oxidation. The postprandial fat oxidation rate was higher than that at the preprandial state, while carbohydrate and protein oxidation rates were lower.Conclusion: No differences were observed in TEF and substrate oxidation in animal- and plant-based diets. A high protein diet could be beneficial for weight loss, but animal protein does not appear to offer superior benefits compared to plant protein
Korelasi lingkar pinggang dan rasio lingkar pinggang-panggul terhadap kadar glukosa plasma menggunakan tes toleransi glukosa oral
Get PDFBackground: The increased circumference of waist and waist-hip ratio describe intra-abdominal fat which is associated with a number of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus.Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the correlation between the circumference of waist and waist-hip ratio in plasma glucose levels using the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) method in adults.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study involving 75 respondents from Klojen which is located in Malang and obtained by multistage sampling random. The variables in the study include circumference of waist, waist-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose and plasma glucose after consuming glucose liquid. Data were analyzed using coefficient contingency and Spearman correlation.Results: This study found that based on waist circumference and waist-hip ratio, most of the subjects are categorized as not at risk. Furthermore, based on plasma glucose level measurement using OGTT, 96% of subjects are normal.Conclusion: There is no correlation between plasma glucose level using OGTT and waist circumference as well as waist-hip ratio (p>0.05).
Perilaku orang tua dalam pemberian makan dan status gizi anak usia 2-5 tahun
Get PDFBackground: The issue of child nutrition is still a problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. Nowadays, there is double burden related to child nutrition, due to lack of nutrition that has not been resolved and at the same time, there is an increasing problem of excess nutrients. Parents are responsible for the care of children, including fulfilling a balanced nutritional intake.Objective: To identify the relationship between parent’s behavior in feeding and nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years.Method: Design used in this study was observational with the cross-sectional study was conducted 153 parents with children aged 2-5 years who fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the region of Integrated Health Center Catholic Hospital St. Vincentius a Paulo Surabaya. Parent’s behavior in feeding was assessed using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) which consists of 49 questions and 12 behavioral aspects. The nutritional status of children assessed by weight indicator according to height (weight/height) were compared with z-score WHO 2006 standard. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation.Results: The average nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years based on the weight/height z-score indicator was 0.17 indicating that is in normal condition. Parent’s behavior that involves children in the planning and preparation of meals, positively associated with nutritional status of children in all conditions of nutritional status of children who are very thin to obese (ρ=0.43; p=0.001). Pressure, when children eat, was negatively associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years in normal nutritional status to obese (ρ=-0.34; p=0.001). Restriction of food intake to control body weight was positively associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years in all conditions of nutritional status of children who are very thin to obese (ρ=0.29; p=0.001).Conclusion: Parent’s behavior in feeding the children associated with nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years
Asupan makan DASH-like diet untuk mencegah risiko hipertensi pada wanita prediabetes
Get PDFBackground: Prediabetics have cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Unhealthy food intake can increase the risk of hypertension in prediabetes. Prediabetes hypertension has the impact on increasing prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A cohort study has shown that DASH diet is related to the lower incidence of hypertension in women (1).Objective: Of this study had the purpose to know that inappropriate DASH-like diet intake is associated with hypertension risk at prediabetes women in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon Semarang.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon area on January – March 2014 among 117 prediabetes women. The subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Independent variable in this study was DASH-like diet intake which assessed from FFQ and the dependent variable was hypertension risk. The subject was classified as at risk for hypertension if, in seated position, the mean of the two measurements was ≥120/80 mmHg. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results: The mean of DASH-like diet score in subjects who were not at hypertension risk (3.31) was higher than subjects who were at hypertension risk (3.23). There was 90,77% person with hypertension risk who did not consume DASH-like diet properly. But the association of DASH-like diet intake with hypertension risk was not significant (p=0.194). The multivariate result showed that there was association between family history (p=0.047), obesity (p=0.016), and fat intake (p=0.015) with hypertension risk.Conclusion: Inappropriate DASH-like diet intake may increase the risk of hypertension, but it is not statistically significant