Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya
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ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN FOREST SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES BY SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD APPROACH
Get PDFPoverty in forests surrounding communities shows a contrast between wealth of forest resources and poverty. The poverty of forests surrounding communities is seen as inefficient development to rural needs in general and forest management in particular. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting poverty, the relevance and Sustainable Livelihood Approach in poverty. This research was conducted in Argosari Village, Jabung Subdistrict and Mentaraman Village, Donomulyo District, Malang Regency. Sustainable livelihood approach is applied which adapted on five elements: human, natural, physical, social and financial asset. The sample was determined by proportional random sampling method. Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) were used in this study. Quantitative approach in this study using descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Poverti Gap 2 indicator (the number of family member) has the greatest contribution to Argosari poverty. The High Consumption 3 indicator (the number of new clothing in a year that can be bought) has the smallest contribution. Significantly, eight indicators have established in Mentaraman, which is indicated by a p-value less than 5% (0.05). Based on the size of the standardize coefficient, it is found that the Poverti Gap 2 indicator (the number of family member) has the greatest contribution to Mentaraman  poverty. Keywords : Argosari, Forest, Mentaraman, Poverty, SLAÂ
STUDI PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PNPM MANDIRI DI SUMATERA BARAT
Get PDFThis research article was conducted in the village of Sungai Beringin, Payakumbuh District, 50 Kota Regency. This regency is one of the best in West Sumatra, in the implementation of PNPM-MPd, especially in the village of Sungai Beringin. Achievements were obtained from this village is the improvement of the capacity of the community in physical and economic developing, women activities and helped the community to access the entire potential in the village of Sungai Beringin for realizing independent and prosperity of the community. This research used a qualitative approach, as a case of study with research focused to community participation into PNPM MPd levels, which these phenomena specifically attention about time, place and condition has happened in the village of Sungai Beringin. A result of the research shows that factors which influenced community participation can say still low. Planning of development participation is consistent and seriously from another side in PNPM MPd implementation, which consists of training of community empowerment, especially poverty community, internal factors which influenced are age, status, gender, jobs, and education. External factors also influenced all of the form and community participation level in meeting and discussion active in the meeting
DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN INDUSTRI PARIWISATA TERHADAP ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN
Get PDFRiau Islands as one of the tourism destinations in Indonesia that has unique tourist uniqueness. The uniqueness and potential of tourism in the Riau Islands is developed as one of the tourism destinations based on culture and supported by the beauty of nature is very interesting. The emergence of maritime tourism as the most popular place impacts the tourism in the Riau Islands region. Many changes occur due to the development of tourism. However, the most attention is the high level of tourism accommodation development with a very limited amount of land. The limitation does not necessarily stop development and even leads to a higher level of functional alteration that threatens the existence of green open spaces that also impact to other areas as happened in Teluk Village Mangrove, Gunung Kijang District. Beside that, the lack of human resources, especially in Teluk Bakau Village, Gunung Kijang Sub-district, is still not able to compete in tourism sector either in local, national or international scale. If this is left is not impossible that tourism was originally expected to be able to improve the welfare of society it will threaten the welfare of the community itself. Intangible is seen there is a movement of people who are now tend to orient towards profit financially or profit oriented. Because, tourism industry is seen as a profitable activity and able to bring in great revenue.namun, reality in the field shows that the development of Tourism Village has not been side with the community of Teluk Bakau Village. As the development of coastal tourism is a tourism asset sold for tourist satisfaction. However, the development of tourist villages is not aligned with people's lives. The socio-economic life of the Bakau Bay community is unchanged while investors reap huge profits from this tourism activity. In fact, if there is no coastal tourism industry tourism in Teluk Bakau Village will not gro
ASSOCIATING LAND WITH PEOPLE: LAND AND COLLECTIVE IDENTITY AMONG THE SUKU ASLI OF SUMATRA
No full textThis paper explores some of the ways in which the connection between people and space has changed among the Suku Asli (‘Indigenous People’) living in Sumatra. The eastern coasts of Sumatra, Indonesia, are low and marshy lands, which are divided by numerous brackish rivers, and covered by vast mangrove forests. This region was a largely unpopulated area where some orang asli (‘indigenous’) groups and a few Malay people lived before the colonial era. ‘Suku Asli’ are one of the orang asli groups who were known as ‘Orang Hutan’ (Forest People) in the past - they lived along the banks as well as estuaries of rivers. Although their space was always somewhat of a ‘niche’ and did not exhibit any clear boundaries in terms of individual or collective ownership, the Suku Asli were confronted with the necessity to establish the boundaries after the state independence. However, their way of ensuring their land was not a simple one to claim their antecedent right of the land. At first in the 1960s, they joined the government deforestation programmes of hinterland ‘for giving lands to our children and grandchildren’. More recently, through the involvements with the ‘indigenous movement’ and environmentalism, they have tried to claim the rights of economically-worthless coastal marshy lands as their ‘ancestral lands’. In this paper, I try to describe the historical changes in the relation between the Suku Asli and the space surrounding them by focusing on the cultural 'logic' that is used to explain and support their connection to it - a 'logic' that enables the Suku Asli to conceptualize their relationship to land as both an embodiment and a manifestation of their collective identity.This paper explores some of the ways in which the connection between people and space has changed among the Suku Asli (‘Indigenous People’) living in Sumatra. The eastern coasts of Sumatra, Indonesia, are low and marshy lands, which are divided by numerous brackish rivers, and covered by vast mangrove forests. This region was a largely unpopulated area where some orang asli (‘indigenous’) groups and a few Malay people lived before the colonial era. ‘Suku Asli’ are one of the orang asli groups who were known as ‘Orang Hutan’ (Forest People) in the past - they lived along the banks as well as estuaries of rivers. Although their space was always somewhat of a ‘niche’ and did not exhibit any clear boundaries in terms of individual or collective ownership, the Suku Asli were confronted with the necessity to establish the boundaries after the state independence. However, their way of ensuring their land was not a simple one to claim their antecedent right of the land. At first in the 1960s, they joined the government deforestation programmes of hinterland ‘for giving lands to our children and grandchildren’. More recently, through the involvements with the ‘indigenous movement’ and environmentalism, they have tried to claim the rights of economically worthless coastal marshy lands as their ‘ancestral lands’. In this paper, I try to describe the historical changes in the relation between the Suku Asli and the space surrounding them by focusing on the cultural 'logic' that is used to explain and support their connection to it - a 'logic' that enables the Suku Asli to conceptualize their relationship to land as both an embodiment and a manifestation of their collective identity
KONFLIK GAM-RI DAN KERENTANAN PANGAN MASYARAKAT TRANSMIGRAN
Get PDFThis article presents a narrative snippet of circumstances of the food security over the Javanese transmigrants during the Acehnese Freedom Movement (GAM) vs Indonesian Government (NKRI) conflict. The data presented through a case study in Cot Girek sub-district, Aceh Utara district, Aceh. The article ellaborates food availability strategies during the conflict, food accessibility, food security. The narration in this article is presented based on data obtained by qualitative research methods. Primary data obtained by interview (in-depth). The narrative notion in this paper propose that conflict often occurs as a result of some past memories coverage racial exclusion, religion, to political and economic discrimination; including the seizure of strategic resource controls, such as land, water, trade routes, and mineral deposits of the earth.Dissatisfaction that encompasses the disparity of land distribution and discriminatory economic policies that hinder decent living standards for every community. Tensions escalate into violent conflicts especially as economic conditions worsen and people face a subsistence crisis. Conflict is created when everyone feels that they have nothing to lose and are therefore willing to fight for resources, political power, and cultural respect. It is fitting for all parties to ensure social integration in the proper arrangement of economic and political distribution and in the spirit of equality. On the issue of food security, the goal is to create conditions for everyone at any time to gain food to support survival
DINAMIKA SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MELAYU PESISIR (Studi Pengelolaan Madu Sialang di Desa Rawa Mekar Jaya)
Get PDFAll societies experience the change. But also with the society that is in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya, Subdistrict of Sungai Apit, Regency of Siak. Here, there is unique tradition that is called menumbai interrelated the use of sialang’s honey bee. Together with the age development, this tradition starts to have dynamics. So that the questions come 1) What kind of aspects that experience the cultural social change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey bee in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya Then, what kind of factors that push that change?. The research method that is used is descriptive qualitative. The location election in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya because this location has sialang’s tree and the activity that is involved with the sialang’s honey. The research subject consists of the village chief, society figure, owner of sialang trunk and sialang’s trunk climber. The Data Collecting Technics are such as observation and deep interview. The sampling technic is namly purposive sampling. Based on the research result, it can be known that the aspects that experience the change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey is aspect of language, knowledge, tools and life equipment, economy system and religion system. Meanwhile, the factors that push the change is the contact with another culture, unsatisfication of society towards certain life sectors, future orientation and value that the human should struggle to fix the life.   All societies experience the change. But also with the society that is in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya, Subdistrict of Sungai Apit, Regency of Siak. Here, there is unique tradition that is called menumbai interrelated the use of sialang’s honey bee. Together with the age development, this tradition starts to have dynamics. So that the questions come 1) What kind of aspects that experience the cultural social change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey bee in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya Then, what kind of factors that push that change?. The research method that is used is descriptive qualitative. The location election in the village of Rawa Mekar Jaya because this location has sialang’s tree and the activity that is involved with the sialang’s honey. The research subject consists of the village chief, society figure, owner of sialang trunk and sialang’s trunk climber. The Data Collecting Technics are such as observation and deep interview. The sampling technic is namly purposive sampling. Based on the research result, it can be known that the aspects that experience the change in the processing activity of sialang’s honey is aspect of language, knowledge, tools and life equipment, economy system and religion system. Meanwhile, the factors that push the change is the contact with another culture, unsatisfication of society towards certain life sectors, future orientation and value that the human should struggle to fix the life.  Â
TUBUH PEREMPUAN DALAM BUDAYA KONSUMEN: ANTARA KESENANGAN DIRI, STATUS SOSIAL, DAN NILAI PATRIARKI
Get PDFThis article discusses the Jakarta urban women body in Indonesian consumer culture as reflected in Miss Jinjing Belanja Sampai Mati (2008) by Amelia Masniari. Within consumer culture, consuming commodities is seen as a natural. However, it is the impact of the power (dominant ideologies) that present in that culture. The primary objective of this paper is to explore how the Jakarta urban woman body is constructed within Indonesia’s consumer culture in which portrayed in Miss Jinjing Belanja Sampai Mati (2008) through the character of Amelia Masniari. This is a qualitative research with cultural studies approach. The concept of Mike Featherstone about the body in consumer culture is used to analyze the text. The results show that the Jakarta urban woman body as reflected through Amelia's character is constructed by capitalism, consumerism and patriarchal ideology. The emergence of these three ideologies are seen through contradictions in the text such as the contradiction between values of self-pleasure, social status as well as patriarchal values. In conclusion, the Jakarta urban woman body (Amelia) in Indonesian consumer culture as reflected in Miss Jinjing Belanja Sampai Mati (2008) is site of ideological contestation; capitalism, consumerism and patriarchal ideology. The presence of these ideologies are not mutually tearing down but mutually reinforcing one another and in the end there is coherence between each ideology
MAKANAN ETNIK MELAYU: TEMPOYAK
Get PDFTraditional food is considered as one of the identities that makes a nation, and it is caused by the varieties of cultures. Tempoyak (asam durian) is one of the examples of traditional foods, specifically for the Malayan ethnic, and it is widely known in Palembang. The majority of Palembang citizens are known to be nomads, and since durians are abundant in Sumatra, food processing is done to increase shelf life. Tempoyak is the result of fermenting durian for 3-7 days by adding salt into the fruit. Fermentation is one of the many ways of food processing. The fermentation of durian gives tempoyak a unique flavour that combines sourness from the fermentation process and sweetness from the fruit itself. Fermentation is one of the most well-known food processing in Indonesia, and has been known for years. To the Malayan ethnics, tempoyak has a unique taste that can increase ones appetite, and it is usually used as a complementary food for rice, and also spices. One of the foods that use a tempoyak spices is brengkes.Traditional food is considered as one of the identities that makes a nation, and it is caused by the varieties of cultures. Tempoyak (asam durian) is one of the examples of traditional foods, specifically for the Malayan ethnic, and it is widely known in Palembang. The majority of Palembang citizens are known to be nomads, and since durians are abundant in Sumatra, food processing is done to increase shelf life. Tempoyak is the result of fermenting durian for 3-7 days by adding salt into the fruit. Fermentation is one of the many ways of food processing. The fermentation of durian gives tempoyak a unique flavour that combines sourness from the fermentation process and sweetness from the fruit itself. Fermentation is one of the most well-known food processing in Indonesia, and has been known for years. To the Malayan ethnics, tempoyak has a unique taste that can increase ones appetite, and it is usually used as a complementary food for rice, and also spices. One of the foods that use a tempoyak spices is brengkes. Â
NILAI EDUKASI MITOS DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENANAMAN NILAI PADA KELUARGA MINANGKABAU KONTEMPORER: TINJAUAN AWAL
Get PDFJoseph Campbell explains one of the four mythical functions is a pedagogic function that is how humans live life as human beings under any circumstances. Some forms of folklore with pedagogic educative function are as a tool or complement in education and enculturation values such as stories to educate children disciplined, obedient, diligent and intelligent. The enculturation process to ensure the individual achieves maturity and cultural maturity so as to support the social order. In addition to the family as the first institution for the enculturation values in children, the social environment system that becomes interaction area will also affect each other's attitude and parenting ways and the environment. From the preliminary research, it was concluded that the observed myths of education were no longer present in the daily lives of the five families of informants. On the 5 myths traced, only the Malin Kundang myth is still well known. The substance of the values contained in the myth is accepted but is considered to be no longer to be found in the realities of everyday life. In the changing context, the enculturation process of the Minangkabau has shifted along with the swift entry of new values through new communication medi
SILAT : IDENTITAS BUDAYA, PENDIDIKAN, SENI BELA DIRI, PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN
No full textSilat salah satu bentuk identitas seni beladiri Nusantara kebudayaan Indonesia berisi tentang pendidikan yang berkembang dalam masyarakat. Dalam dunia modern, silat bukan hanya sebagai alat seni bela diri tetapi berkembang menjadi sebuah upaya dalam memelihara kesehatan melalui olehraga. Silat berfungsi juga sebagai sarana pendidikan jasmani dan rohani melalui proses tahapan pendidikan berjenjang secara formal melalui peraturan yang dibuat masing-masing perguruan silat.Identitas merupakan bagian dari kebudayaan dan lingkungan sosial yang dapat bergeser sesuai dinamika kehidupan masyarakat. Identitas berkembang berdasarkan ruang dan waktu setiap generasi dalam dunia kehidupan sehari-hari yang berasal dari pikiran dan tindakan manusia dan berkembang menjadi praktek nyata.Pendidikan jasmani dan rohani yang ditanamkan melalui silat membentuk karakter bangsa yang tangguh, kuat dan berbudi luhur dan berkembang menjadi watak identitas bangsa.Tuntutan dunia modern, peran silat berkembang selain untuk menjaga diri juga menjadi salah satu sarana dalam upaya pemeliharaan kesehatan melalui bidang olahraga sehingga keseimbangan jasmani dan rohani merupakan salah satu jalan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas masyarakat