Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya
Not a member yet
289 research outputs found
Sort by
DINAMIKA NELAYAN DAN WILAYAH KONSERVASI : ANALISIS SOSIO-KULTURAL DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA
Get PDFThe socio-cultural dynamics of fishing communities in the Karimunjawa National Park (TNKJ) area is an interesting analysis for further study. This study focuses on the role of TNKJ in fishing communities. This research use a qualitative method with snowball sampling technique. The data collection in this study used observation techniques and in-depth interviews conducted in Karimunjawa Village, Karimunjawa District, Jepara Regency, Central Java. There are several explanations regarding the socio-cultural conditions of the fishing communities living in the TNKJ area. When the TNKJ area has been inaugurated as a tourist destination, this of course has a direct impact on the community. Problems regarding the zoning system on access to fishing, changes in livelihoods to cultural conflicts that are present in the lives of fishing communities are important things that must be studied more deeply. Strengthening social capital in the life of fishing communities, such as mutual cooperation and sympathy for fellow community members, is the main force that has been maintained until now. This research is able to contribute to socio-cultural studies of the community, especially in life in coastal areaThe socio-cultural dynamics of fishing communities in the Karimunjawa National Park (TNKJ) area is an interesting analysis for further study. This study focuses on the role of TNKJ in fishing communities. This research is qualitative research with snowball sampling technique. The data collection in this study used observation techniques and in-depth interviews conducted in Karimunjawa Village, Karimunjawa District, Jepara Regency, Central Java Province. The results showed that there are 9 (nine) zones in the TNKJ area, namely Core Zone (ZI), Jungle Zone (Zri), Marine Protection Zone (ZB), Land Use Zone (ZPD), Marine Utilization Zone (ZPB), Cultivation Zone Maritime Affairs (ZBb), Religion, Culture and History Zone (ZBS), Rehabilitation Zone (ZRE), and Traditional Fisheries Zone (ZTrP). In addition to the ban on catching Napoleon fish, catching yellowtail fish and baby lobster in the TNKJ area has begun to be restricted. The use of cantrang and apotas fishing gear is also prohibited. There are several problems that have occurred and are currently occurring in the TNKJ area, namely: problems with the formation of TNKJ (pathok conflict), zoning problems, inconsistencies in TNKJ regulations, and shrimp farming problem
Etno-Forestri Orang Rimba di Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas Provinsi Jambi
Get PDFÂ The United Nations considers indigenous people local knowledge as a part of sustainable development. In fact, the local knowledge of Orang Rimba has transformed due to the pressure of industrialization. This article describe current ethnoforestry of Orang Rimba using ethnoscience and a multidisciplinary landscape assessment method. Data was collected by participatory observation, in-depth interviews, participatory social mapping, and plant collections, with informants being selected by purposive sampling. This research analysis uses an ethnoforestry approach. The ethnoforestry of Orang Rimba is local knowledge that regulates relationship between lowland forest taxonomy and the whole domain of life the Orang Rimba. Orang Rimba recognized various domains including Rimba Bungaron (primary forest) as related to both social organization and kinship (genah), customary (bebalai), and hunter-gather domain (merayau-nyulogh). Benuaron and Sialang (orchards and honey-producing trees) are classified as agroforestry domain and Bahumaon as rubber and oil palm plantations domain. The ethno-forestry of Orang Rimba has long been known as hunter-gather and swidden agliculture which is no longer the case as previous management of lowland forest has shifted the lives of Orang Rimba to rubber cultivation and oil palm plantation in Twelve Hill National Park.United Nations considers local knowledge as sustainable development. In fact, local knowledge of Orang Rimba has transformed because of pressure industrialization. This article describe current ethno-forestry of Orang Rimba. This research method uses an ethno-science and multidisciplinary landscape assessment. Data was collected by participatory observation, depth interviews, participatory social mapping and plant collections. Informants ware selected by purposive sampling through key informants. Data analysis was carried out using an ethno-forestry approach. The ethno-forestry of Orang Rimba is local knowledge that regulates relationship between lowland forest taxonomy and the whole of domain life the Orang Rimba. Rimba Bungaron is a forest that related both social organization and kinship (genah), customary (bebalai), and hunter-gather domain (merayau-nyulogh) which can be managed by ancestral lineage (setubo). Benuaron and Sialang are orchards and honey-producing trees with agro-forestry domain that are managed by matrilineal lineage (serombong). Bahumaon parah and oil palm are plantations domain that are managed by nuclear family (sebubung). The ethno-forestry of Orang Rimba has long been known as hunter-gather and swidden agliculture which need to be deemed, because previous management of lowland forest have shifted the lives of Orang Rimba to rubber cultivation and oil palm plantation in Twelve Hill National Par
Akses dan Ekslusi dalam Reformasi Hutan di Sumatera: Studi Kasus di Nagari Simanau, Kecamatan Tigo Lurah, Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat
Get PDFThis article discusses the village forest in Simanau. This research was conducted by using a qualitative method, one of which is a case study. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews and literature study. Research departs from solutions to the problem of deforestation and forest degradation as business as usual or with international assistance through the village forest scheme. Village forests are one of Nawacita's priority programs as a strategic step in reducing deforestation and forest degradation and also overcoming poverty and poverty in national land tenure. My intension is to analyze the forest from a critical anthropological perspective, one of which is the political ecology framework to explore the village forest in Simanau. For this reason, I use the concepts of "access" and "exclusion" in sharpening economic goals in ecological terms. The research findings show that Simanau forest reform raises a dilemma where access to forests is limited for non-management communities. The concept of access is used to hide who gets (and doesn't get) the benefits of the existence of the village forest and through what they get it. This concept of access is then related to the concept of exclusion which means preventing people from accessing forests
Stereotip dan Penolakan Indekos Mahasiswa Asal Papua di Salatiga
Get PDFEducation has the potential to increase human resources. In this case, students from Papua are attempting to improve their quality of life by furthering their education in the Java city of Salatiga. However, efforts to continue education were hampered by social discrimination, particularly in selecting a house in Salatiga. This paper aims to identify Papuan student stereotypes that lead to the boarding house. This study uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach, with primary data gathered through interviews and observations of Papuan and West Papuan students, and secondary data collected through library research. The findings revealed four stereotypes that contributed to Papuan students' rejection in Salatiga. Both Papuan students and Salatiga people contribute to these stereotypes through a lack of recognition, communication, language, and cultural adaptation. Prejudice, as well as structural and cultural violence, result from this. As a result, stakeholders must actively participate in conflict resolution efforts through peacebuilding and peacemaking.Education has the potential to increase human resources. In this case, students from Papua are attempting to improve their quality of life by furthering their education in the Java city of Salatiga. However, efforts to continue education were hampered by social discrimination, particularly in the selection of a house in Salatiga. The purpose of this paper is to identify Papuan student stereotips that lead to boarding house rejection. This study uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach, with primary data gathered through interviews and observations of Papuan and West Papuan students, and secondary data gathered through library research. The findings revealed four stereotips that contributed to Papuan students' rejection in Salatiga. Both Papuan students and Salatiga people contribute to these stereotips through a lack of recognition, communication, language, and cultural adaptation. Prejudice, as well as structural and cultural violence, result from this. As a result, stakeholders must actively participate in conflict resolution efforts through peacebuilding and peacemaking
A Rational Choice Analysis in Offering The Spirit of The Northern Buddhism
Get PDFOffering the spirits in the ritual system of Northern Buddhism is a ritual performed daily for monks and an opportunity for Buddhists to participate in many different purposes. In it, there is an exchange between gain and loss while performing the ritual of offering the spirit. It could be said that based on the concepts and beliefs about ghosts and demons in Mong Son thi thuc - one of the important rites in the customs of Northern Buddhists - these rituals give us a deeper insight into the act of worshiping the souls. This research investigates the rational choice of Northern Buddhists in Ho Chi Minh City-based on Rational Choice Theory. Qualitative research methods such as fieldwork, in-depth interviews, qualitative analysis, and quantitative research by questionnaires have shown that there is rationality in the choice of worship the souls according to Mong Son thi thuc of Northern Buddhists among believers. In other words, there seems to be a desire to receive one or more benefits from this spirit offering. Rational Choice Theory has shown its applicability in the study of rituals, religions in particular, and in the research of the humanities and social sciences in general, which has received little attention in the past
Kekuasaan: Determinan Sosial dan Kebudayaan Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Cinangka Serang Banten
Get PDFThe backgrounds of this research are the reality of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Indonesia which has never been resolved since the colonial era until now, and the ignorance of biomedical experts to the results of medical anthropology research on pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, this study tries to get out of the usual themes of medical anthropological research and offer “power†as a new theme in medical anthropological research on pulmonary tuberculosis. The method used is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach to describe the process of occurrence and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis. The findings of this research are; (1) the knowledge of society in Cinangka Serang Banten regarding pulmonary tuberculosis is constructed by staff of public health center (puskesmas), as well as personalistic and naturalistic traditional healers, (2) social process, as a form of power implementation, can stimulate, encourage, or even facilitate the biological process of pulmonary tuberculosis, (3) the use of power issue in medical anthropology perspective for the understanding disease is significant as one of the themes in pulmonary tuberculosis research. The effect of these findings is; to stimulate the dynamization of theory and method in medical anthropology; reconstruct the way of thinking in the study of disease; provide a conceptual contribution to overcoming pulmonary tuberculosis.The backgrounds of this research are (1) the reality of lung tuberculosis case in Indonesia has never been overcome since colonial governance era until now, and (2) biomedical experts often disregard the results of medical anthropology research by the social and culture approach on lung tuberculosis. Thus, I try to get out of medical anthropological research themes (medical ecology, political economic, and ritual) as usual, and offer “power†is a new theme in medical anthropological research on lung tuberculosis. The research findings are; (1) Cinangka Serang Banten societi’s knowledge on lung tuberculosis is constructed by staff of public health center (puskesmas), personalistic and naturalistic healers, (2) the social process as power implementation can stimulate, push, or even facilitate the biological process of lung tuberculosis, (3) the used of power issue in medical anthropology perspective for understanding disease is significant as one of medical anthropology theme on lung tuberculosis. These research findings effects are; (1) stimulates the dynamics of theory and method in medical anthropology; (1) reconstruct the way of thought in study of disease; (3) gives conceptual contribution in tackling and prevention of lung tuberculosis disease
Akumulasi Modal Manusia, Pemanfaatan Remitan dan Kendala Pemanfaatannya dalam Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Migran kembali di Kabupaten Cilacap
No full textReturn migrants in some areas of migrant’s enclave in Indonesia a have high dependence on work abroad because when they return to Indonesia many no longer have a steady source of income. This happens because they are generally consumptive, spend a lot of money, are glamourous, are less calculating, not have a job plan after not being a migrant. For this reason, the use of remittances migrants is again interesting to study. The aims of this research are to explain the utilization of remittances and the obstacle experienced in the utilization of remittances in improving the welfare of households. The design of this study was a survey and case study. Data collection uses observation, structured interview, in-depth interviews, and FGD. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics and followed by qualitative descriptive and categorical analysis. The result of the research shows that remittances are generally for buying land and building houses, furniture and modern kitchen equipment, motorbikes or cars, and wedding parties, and a small portion is allocated for productive businesses. An obstacle of returning migrants in improving their welfare household is low education, the use of more remittances for consumer goods and investment, and the use of remittances more determined by husbands.The aims of these research are explain: (1) the influence of social demographic factors of return migrants; (2) human capital accumulation of return migrants; (3) utilization of remittances of return migrants; and (4) the obstacle experienced by return migrants again in the utilize of human capital and remittances of return migrants in improving the welfare of their households. The design of this study was survey and case study. Data collection uses observation, structured interview, indepth interview, and FGD. Data analysis uses descriptive statistic and followed with qualitative descriptive and categorical analysis. Result of research show that return migrants again acumulate human capital in terms of knowledge and skill of agriculture and domestic work technology, and skill in using foreign language. Human capital gained cannot be applied fully in Indonesia because jobs in host country and Indonesi are not the same, the price of the equipments too axpensive, and the  equipments does not exist in Indonesia. Remittances utilizing of returning migrants for investment and consumer needs (build a house and buy a motor cycle). Obstacle of returning migrants in improving their welfare household are low education, the use of more remittances for consumer goods and investment, and the use of remittances more determined by husbands
Tragedi dalam Harmoni: Budaya, Gender, dan Kekerasan pada Perempuan di Jawa Barat
No full textPeople in West Java uphold harmony and peace as an important part of their worldview. Yet, violence against women continues to occur, including in rural areas. This qualitative research using a case study design was conducted to explore and describe the cases of violence against women and the factors contributing to the case in Desa Selaras, a small village in rural West Java. The data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with female violence survivors and NGO activists who assist them; as well as archival and literature studies. The findings of this research suggest the various types of violence against women, such as psychological violence (polygamy), physical violence (persecution), economic violence (economic exploitation and financial neglect), and sexual violence. Among the factors contributing to the violence in the village were gender inequality, financial problems, lack of knowledge and passive attitudes towards violence among the survivors, cultural values about women, lack of communication in the family, and male personality.This study describes cases of violence against women in Sundanese community in a village in West Java, and factors contributes to the violence. This study used qualitative method with a case study design. Data collection included non-participant observations, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The findings of this study show types of violence against women that are psychological violence (polygamy), physical violence (persecution), economic violence (economic exploitation and neglect), and sexual violence. The factors related to the violence were include gender inequality, financial problem, low knowledge about violence, passive attitudes towards violence, cultural values, lack of communication in the family, and male personality. The findings of this study explain the reason of high cases on violence against women in West Java by 2019; a finding that is contrast and ironic despite the fact that harmony and peacefulness have been the core of Sundanese philosophy
“SELF-FULFILLMENT†SEBAGAI ENTREPRENEURISM PELAKU USAHA MIKRO (STUDI ETNOGRAFI PADA PEMILIK WARUNG KOPI EMPAT SAUDARA)
No full textResearch around the emergence of entrepreneurship usually pays special attention to aspects of motivation and driving factors that support a decision to become an entrepreneur. Self-fulfillment is one of the driving factor that is still abstract in its meaning. This article aims to provide a deeper meaning of self-fulfillment, viewed from a cultural perspective as a result and shaper of the thought process, by looking at the meaning of entrepreneurism value for an entrepreneur who runs a micro business in a coffee shop. The method used is case study with ethnography approach which utilizes participation observation on Warung Kopi Empat Saudara in Kliningan, Bandung. The study's results found that the meaning of self-fulfillment can be found and described in cultural aspects such as the fulfillment of religious and social values. The fulfillment of religious values can be found in religious freedom to pray during work, described as giving workers access to pray, honesty in business, and having muslims as workers. While the fulfillment of social values is described as helping each other, upholding responsibility to the community, and keeping life harmonious. Research around the emergence of entrepreneurship usually pays special attention to aspects of motivation and driving factors that support a decision to become an entrepreneur. Self-fulfillment is one of driving factor that is still abstract in its meaning. This article aims to provide a deeper meaning of self-fulfilment, viewed from a cultural perspective as a result and shaper of the thought process, by looking at the meaning of entrepreneurism value for an entrepreneur who runs a micro business in a coffee shop. The method used is ethnography. The study's results found that the meaning of self-fulfillment can be found in cultural aspects such as the fulfillment of religious and social values
EKSISTENSI KERAJINAN GERABAH TRADISIONAL DI DUSUN PRECET BLITAR MELALUI DESA WISATA EDUKASI KAMPUNG GERABAH
No full textIn contrast to other craftsmen who experienced a decline, the traditional pottery industry in Precet actually experienced an increase. The purpose of the study was to determine the strategy of the pottery craftsmen in Precet Hamlet in maintaining their culture so that traditional pottery crafts still exist. The research was conducted in Precet, Plumpungrejo, Kademangan, Blitar. Using this type of qualitative research with a case study approach. Determination of research subjects by purposive sampling method. Data collection techniques are interviews with five informants, observation, and documentation. as for the data validity technique using source triangulation and data analysis is carried out through the stages of Miles and Huberman. The results of this study are people who still maintain their culture from generation to generation, innovations that continue to be carried out according to market needs, and a supportive surrounding environment so that the traditional pottery industry survives. This research is examined using the theory of structural functionalism from Talcot Parson. Parson coined the famous scheme of functions known as the acronym AGIL. The existence of this research is expected to be used as a motivation to continue to innovate with modern technology that helps facilitate craftsmen in making pottery.Precet Hamlet is one of the major pottery industry centers in Indonesia, which is located in Blitar. The strategy of maintaining the existence of pottery is related to the pottery production system and marketing. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Determination of research subjects with purposive sampling method with criteria in accordance with the research focus. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews. observation and documentation. As for the analysis technique, the author uses the theory of structural functionalism from Talcot Parson. Parson created a prominent function schema known as the acronym AGIL. In order for the social system to continue to run well, there are at least four functions that must be integrated with each other, namely Adaptacion, Goal attainment, Integration, and Latent. When these four functions can run well and smoothly, a strategy for the development of the traditional craft industry will be formed. It can be seen from the making of Precet Blitar Hamlet into a Pottery Educational Tourism Village is a good practice from the traditional craft industry development strategy which has failed so far.Precet Hamlet is one of the major pottery industry centers in Indonesia, which is located in Blitar. The strategy of maintaining the existence of pottery is related to the pottery production system and marketing. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Determination of research subjects with purposive sampling method with criteria in accordance with the research focus. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews. observation and documentation. As for the analysis technique, the author uses the theory of structural functionalism from Talcot Parson. Parson created a prominent function schema known as the acronym AGIL. In order for the social system to continue to run well, there are at least four functions that must be integrated with each other, namely Adaptacion, Goal attainment, Integration, and Latent. When these four functions can run well and smoothly, a strategy for the development of the traditional craft industry will be formed. It can be seen from the making of Precet Blitar Hamlet into a Pottery Educational Tourism Village is a good practice from the traditional craft industry development strategy which has failed so far.Â