RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa
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Language Convergence to Build Social Harmony in the midst of Diversity: Evidence from Angantiga Village of Badung Regency, Bali
No full textAs a social being, people will socialize through communication using language as a medium. The decision to choose a language or use one of the language codes depends on the perceived cost or benefit he will get. This paper is intended to describe communication patterns and preferences for language use especially within a culture where another language is dominant. It is a sociolinguistic study using descriptive qualitative methods on the Muslim diaspora community in the village of Angantiga, Badung Regency who had lived in Bali province in Indonesia for more than a generation. The data were collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and direct observation. The results show that there is a relationship between language use in various domains and self-identity. As a diaspora community they are very accommodating and show language tolerance to maintain communication and interpersonal relationships. The language convergence is carried out in order to seek approval or social recognition from the surrounding community. It can foster tolerance to build social harmony in the midst of diversity
Analysis of Figurative Language in “Easy On Me†Song Lyric
No full textIt is very interesting to analyze figurative language in a song lyric, because figurative language makes the language more unique by using metaphor, hyperbole, etc. The aim of this research is to classify and analyze the lyric of Adele’s Song Easy On Me based on figurative language used. This research implies qualitative research. The data source in this research was song lyric of Adele’s Song entitled Easy On Me. Technique of collecting data in this research was observation. The theory used was from Miller and Greenberg (1981) about figurative language. Each data was analyzed based on the theory of figurative language descriptively. Based on the result of this research, in Comparative Figurative Language, just found data in personification (4 data). In Contradictive Figurative Language, it was found hyperbole (3 data), litotes (2 data), and paradox (1 datum). In Correlative Figurative Language, it was found in this data source, namely: allusion (1 datum), ellipsis (2 data), metonymy (2 data), and symbol (8 data). The most data found in data source was symbol. This song lyric had many figurative languages. It means this song lyric tried to use figurative language to express the feeling or idea imaginatively. In other word, this song lyric tried to create a special image and bring out one's emotions.
 
Code Switching Found in Daniel Mananta’s Utterances on YouTube Channel
No full textThis study concerns with code-switching in Daniel Mananta’s utterance. This study aims to answer the research problems, which are: (1) to classify the types of code switching found in Daniel Mananta’s utterance and (2) and to analyze the function of code switching. Descriptive qualitative method was applied to identify the data. Code-switching was described according to a theory proposed by Poplack (1980) to classify the types of code-switching and the theory by Apple& Muysken (1987) to describe the function of code switching found in Daniel Mananta’s utterance. The result of this study shows that all types of code switching and six function of code-switching were found. First, the three types of code-switching were found, namely tag switching, intra-sentential switching, and inter-sentential switching, in which the most dominant switching is intra-sentential switching. It occurs because Daniel Mananta looks more comfortable when using words, clauses, and phrases in one sentence to convey motivational messages. Second, six functions of code-switching were found, namely referential function, directive function, expressive function, phatic function, metalinguistic function, poetic function. The most dominant function is phatic function because Daniel Mananta’s feels free and more comfortable expressing his emotional feelings in a language that is used in his daily language
Face Threatening Acts of the Main Character in “The Half of it†Movie
No full textThis study analyzed face threatening acts (FTAs) used by the main character in the movie titled The Half of It, focusing on (i) the types of the FTAs and (ii) how the FTAs are used by the main character. The data came from all utterances (words, phrases, clauses, sentences) produced by the main character. A pragmatic theory of FTAs from Brown and Levinson was applied to analyze the data qualitatively. Four types of FTAs are found in this study. The first type is “threatening the hearer’s negative faceâ€, which was embedded in specific acts used by the main character, namely Suggestion, Threat, Reminding, Order, Warning, and Compliment. The second type is, “threatening the speaker’s negative faceâ€, which is followed by such acts as Response to the hearer’s faux pas, Excuses, and Acceptance of offers. The third type is, “threatening the hearer’s positive face†with the acts of Criticism, Insults, Disagreement, Ridicule, Reprimand, Disapproval, Irreverence, Complaints, and Accusations. The last type of the FTAs is “threatening the speaker’s positive face†by using Confession, Emotion leakage, Physical control over the body, Apology, and Acting stupid. Finally, the FTAs enacted in the utterances of the main character are minimized by means of applying the politeness strategies. It has been discovered that the main character used the four types of politeness strategy that were positive politeness, negative politeness, bald on-record, and off-record strategy
Competency of Elementary School Teachers 84 Sinjai District in Writing Teaching Materials
No full textThis study aims to describe the influence between knowledge of writing theory and interest in writing on the ability to write teaching materials for teachers at SD Negeri 84 Sinjai Regency. This research is categorized into the type of quantitative infrensial research. The sample of this research is all teachers of SD Negeri No 84, Sinjai Regency for the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling 24 teachers spread from grade I to grade 6. The data in this study was collected through three techniques, namely test techniques, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using the percentage technique with the formula: n/Nx100 for the range 10-100 and simple and linear/multiple regression test techniques with computer facilities. The results showed that the level of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials has an average value of 66.10, and is in the medium category. Data analysis of the level of interest in writing teaching materials with an average value of 62.30, and is in the medium category. Data analysis of the level of competence in writing Indonesian language teaching materials with an average value of 63.33, or is in the medium category. Hypothesis testing shows that (1) there is a significant effect between the variables of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large influence 59.70%, (2) there is a significant influence between the variables of interest in writing teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large influence55.29%. (3) there is a joint significant effect of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials and interest in writing teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large effect of 59.66%
Passive Imperatives in Indonesian
No full textAn imperative clause is understood as a construction in which the subject is commonly filled by a second person but it is licitly dropped and the verb that co-occurs with it is commonly realized by a basic form in Indonesian. An active clause, on the other hand, contains an obligatory subject, the verb inflected with meN verbal prefix, and an object that makes the sentence readily transformed into its passive clause counterpart. Given the characteristic contrasts between an imperative clause and an active clause in Indonesian, it seems to be impossible to derive a passive imperative. However, imperative passives are available in Indonesian. The present study aims to uncover the issues of imperative passives in Indonesian. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method. Most of the data for the study were obtained from Leipzig Corpora and the remaining data were elicited from other speakers of Indonesian. Adopting the theory of a speaker commitment hypothesis for the analysis, the findings show that Indonesian has a passive imperative. This support can be evidenced by the fact that an imperative passive can be associated with a complex sentence construction in which the subject of the passive imperative clause can be recovered from the main clause thereby corroborating the idea that passive imperatives operate on a par with negative imperatives which possess prototypical passive constructions
The Analysis of Conversational Implicature Between Students and Teachers at Al-Azhar Islamic Boarding School
No full textPesantren is an environment that is very well known as religiousness in which there are several rules that must be obeyed by teachers and students. The purpose of this discipline is to build humanist relationships. This study aims to uncover and describe the meanings and types of conversational implicatures contained in the conversations of teachers and students at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Al-Azhar Islamic boarding school. This study uses data analysis. Qualitative methods are methods that aim to obtain descriptive data. The data in this study are conversational implicatures that transcribed into written text. Data were collected using selection, description and verification techniques. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptivewhich is based on Siswantoro's theory. The results of this study indicate that there are four types of conversation implicatures, namely general conversation implicatures, scaled implicatures, special conversation implicatures and conventional implicatures.  
Flouting of Grice’s Maxims in The Mitchells vs. The Machines Film
No full textObeying the cooperative principle is an important rule that must be done to attain a good and relevant conversation, which can be divided into four categories of maxims, such as maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of manner, and maxim of relation. However, in everyday life, there are still many people who flout these maxims which causes their conversation to be ineffective. This study aims to determine the types of flouting maxim found in The Mitchells vs. The Machines film is based on the Cooperative Principle theory of Grice (1975). This study also aims to analyze the reasons of flouting maxim committed by characters using Flouting Maxim Strategies theory from Cutting (2002) and Illocutionary Functions of Politeness theory from Leech (1983). The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected from the utterances of the characters that flout the maxims in the film through the observation method. The results showed that there were 45 cases of flouting maxim found in the film. The maxim that is flouted the most is the maxim of relation. There were several reasons the characters flouted the maxims. Related to strategies and functions, the most frequently used reasons are the strategy of being irrelevant and competitive function. This is because the characters tend to say things outside the topic being discussed with the intention of asking people to do something
Dialect Identification on Kangean Island and Madurese Island: Dialectology Study
No full textMadurese language is one of the regional languages ​​in Indonesia which has various dialect variations, namely Bangkalan dialect, Pamekasan, Sumenep, and Kangean. However, the Kangean dialect is considered a separate language by the Madurese in general. This study aims to reveal and identify the isolect status of the language used on Kangean Island and Madurese Island. This study uses the dialectometric method. Data was collected using a list of 845 questions taken from 3 informants at each observation point (OP). Data analysis used the dialectometric method with the formula proposed by Guiter. The results of this study showed 4 categories, namely, no difference (<20%), different speech (21%-30%), different sub-dialect (31%-50%), and different dialect (51%-80%). This study shows there are 2 OP with no difference in status, 2 OP with speech differences, 7 OP in subdialect on Kangean Island. And if all OPs on Kangean Island were compared with OPs on Madurese Island, each has the status of a dialect
Types of Translation Errors from Indonesia Language into English in Pharmacy Journal Articles
No full textThe study analyzed the types of errors based on ATA Error Categories version 2021 on the three submitted journal articles translated by lecturers of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Community of Akademi Farmasi Surabaya. It aimed to find the types of errors often made by pharmacy lecturers in translating the articles from the Indonesian language into English so that the results of this study can help them identify and avoid errors in translation. The study used the descriptive qualitative, using the content analysis method. The objects of this study were three journal articles in the Indonesian language (ST) and English (TT). The data focused on the translation errors based on ATA Error Categories in the words or phrases level. The results showed there were 14 types of errors found, namely: literalness (31.05%), usage (22.22%), punctuation (7.84%), terminology (7.52%), verb form (6.86%), grammar (6.54%), capitalization (3.59%), parts of speech (3.59%), syntax (3.27%), style (2.94%), register (2.29%), omission (1.31%), cohesion (0.65%), and ambiguity (0.33%). The study recommended that translators have sufficient knowledge about the target language mechanics, produce clear renditions of the source text, and maintain the writing quality of the target text