Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Traditional Herbs and Spices Consumption among Adults in Malaysia
Get PDFThis research aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding traditional herbs and spices consumption among Malaysian adults aged 18 to 60 years. A- 5-parts close-ended questionnaire was partially adapted and modified from articles and validated by 11 experts. Data collection was performed by using an online questionnaire (n=281). Most participants are female (75.4%) and Malay (85.1%), followed by Chinese (10.0%), Indian (2.1%), and other ethnicities (2.8%) such as Sabah natives, Iban, Dusun, and Javanese. Most respondents consumed traditional herbs and spices. Centella asiatica (\u27pegaga\u27), ginseng, Labisia pumila (\u27kacip fatimah\u27), and longjack (\u27tongkat ali\u27) were the most consumed herbs whereas lemongrass, garlic, ginger, turmeric, and star anise were the most consumed spices. The study found good knowledge, fair attitude, and poor practice regarding traditional herbs and spices consumption. Knowledge was significantly associated with ethnicity, while consumption status was associated with attitude and practice levels. A moderate and positive correlation was observed between attitudes and practices. Enhancing public knowledge and promoting positive attitudes towards these traditional ingredients is essential for preserving cultural heritage and incorporating them into modern diets
Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Bario Rice Varieties as Potential Gluten-Free Food Ingredients
Get PDFThis study aimed to analyse the proximate composition, physical characteristics, and functional attributes of flour of four selected varieties of Bario rice (Oryza sativa L. Opaceae.): Bario Adan, Bario Padan, Bario Hitam, and Bario Kulit Merah. The rice flour was prepared using a semi-wet grinding method. The results on proximate composition showed that the moisture content ranged from 12.56% to 13.87%. All flours were high in crude fibre and low in fat content ranged 23.07 to 25.30% and 2.46 to 2.69%, respectively. Bario Padan exhibited the highest amount of crude fibre and protein (p<0.05). There were significant differences (p<0.05) observed for L, a*, and b* values, Bario Hitam shows the lowest L* (5.29) and b* (4.96) value (p<0.05). The functional properties among flour variety differ significantly (p<0.05) with a range of 1.160 to 1.257 g/g for water absorption capacity and oil holding capacity ranged from 0.970 to 1.158 g/g. Highest swelling power was obtained in Bario Adan (5.594 g/g) while Bario Padan possessed highest water solubility index (0.099%). In conclusion, Bario rice varieties showcased favourable nutritional and functional traits, indicating their potential as gluten-free ingredients in the formulation of food products
Dietetics Students\u27 Perceived Facilitators and Barriers to Clinical Training in Malaysia: A Qualitative Theory-Guided Analysis
Get PDFThis study explored barriers and facilitators experienced by Malaysian dietetics graduates during clinical training in local healthcare settings. A qualitative study with phenomenological design was conducted on fifteen purposely selected fresh dietetics graduates, with a mean age of 24.7±0.8 years from seven local universities. Virtual interviews were conducted via the Cisco Webex and were verbatim transcribed and thematically analyzed using NVivo 12 Plus software. Data collection continued until data saturation was reached. Nine Theoretical Domain Frameworks (TDF-derived domains), comprising of 1) knowledge, 2) skills; 3) belief about capabilities; 4) intention; 5) goals; 6) memory, attention, and decision process; 7) environmental context and resources; 8) social influences; and 9) emotions domains, was utilized to develop open-ended questions in the semi-structured questionnaire. Within these domains, frequently associated sub-themes of perceived facilitators were identified: early preparation and comprehension. Pre-clinical classes that involve solving diverse and challenging cases equip students with practical understanding of clinical training. Curriculum-based university clinics offer valuable insights into hospital dietetics practice. Resources availability is crucial for effective Nutrition Care Process (NCP) implementation and aids in evidence-based nutrition counseling. Conversely, the factor that hinders clinical training reported by dietetics graduates is a lack of knowledge and readiness, particularly concerning their perceived knowledge before clinical training. Dissatisfaction also arises from challenges in building rapport, gathering patient information during counseling, and difficulties in assessing dietary recall with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds, affecting their readiness for dietetics practice and therefore, highlighting the need to enhance multicultural knowledge and cultural competency training among dietetics students. The findings from this study may assist in developing strategies to promote impactful experiences and enhance dietetic students\u27 preparedness for clinical practice
Family Support and Dietary Adherence in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Banten, Indonesia
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the correlation between family support and dietary compliance in diabetes patients. This observational, crossectional study was conducted among 92 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients age 20–70 years in Citangkil Public Health Center, Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia. Data were collected using self administered questionnaire to measure the dietary adherence and family support. Data was analyzed using Fisher Exact Test. Among 92 respondents that participated in the study, 84 (91.30%) reported having good family support, while 8 (8.70%) reported having inadequate family support. Family support associated with dietary adherence in individuals with T2DM (p<0.05) in the Citangkil I Public Health Center area, Cilegon I, Banten, Indonesia. Good family support is expectedto increase dietary adherence in T2DM patients
Development and Validation of a Website on Early Childhood Nutrition
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop and determine the content and face validation of eHealth website that can function as a one-stop information center for parents, caregivers, teachers, and healthcare professionals on early childhood nutrition. This study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 involved website development and was executed in three steps: Step 1: Need Assessment, Step 2: Design Arrangement, and Step 3: Website Construction. Phase 2 involved website validation, which included content validation by six professionals in nutrition/dietetics and early childhood education fields and face validation by six professionals and 50 target users, including parents, caregivers, nursery or preschool teachers, and students. The content validation obtained a score of 1.00. The face validation by professionals exceeds the minimum value of 80% except for the Quality of Information. In comparison, face validation by the users exceeds 80% except for Subjective Quality. Krippendorff’s Alpha for each validation was below 0.66. In conclusion, the content validation of the website indicated high agreement, while the face validation indicated sufficient by the professionals and target users. The website will be a good start for intervening in long-term nutrition-related issues such as non-communicable diseases and obesity, as eating habits and food choices from young affect future health outcomes
Physicochemical Properties, Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Load of Chocolate Energy Bars Prepared with High Polyphenols Cocoa Powder and Guar Gum
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties, Glycaemic Index (GI) and Glycaemic Load (GL) of chocolate energy bars prepared with different percentages of guar gum (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) and high polyphenols cocoa powder. Proximate analysis was determined following the official methods Association of Official Analytical (AOAC). Ten eligible respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in the GI and GL determination. Test and reference food were given to the participants after overnight fasting. Blood capillary finger pricks were drawn for 7 interval time at 0 until 120 min. The blood glucose responses were calculated based on Incremental Area Under Curve (IAUC). The result revealed that the fat and calorie content were significantly lower in formulations with highest guar gum percentage (p˂0.05). On the other hands the moisture, ash, carbohydrate contents, crude fibre, energy value, hardness, fracturability, pH value, and colour were all comparable to the control sample. The control and chocolate energy bars with 0.5% guar gum were in the category of high GI and GL. Whereas, the chocolate energy bars with 1.0% and 1.5% guar gum were in the medium category for both GI and GL. This study demonstrated that incorporating different percentages of guar gum in the high polyphenols chocolate energy bar changed some of the proximate compositions but not the physical properties. Furthermore, addition of guar gum affected the GI and GL as the values were reduced with the increased amount of guar gum
Data Quality of Nutritional Status among Children Using WHO Anthro Application: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Get PDFThis study aims to look at improving the quality of nutritional status data through WHO Anthro training in stunting focus areas. This study used a quasi-experimental quantitative method with a pretest-posttest equivalent repeated measures framework approach, using two groups. A total of 40 kindergarten teachers were sampled, divided equally into two groups. The control group was taught how to plot nutritional status using WHO charts and the intervention group was trained how to use the WHO Anthro application. Data was analyzed by non-parametrical means with a Friedman test to compare the pre-mid-post data in each group of different samples. The group trained by WHO Anthro showed that the data quality on nutritional status was significantly different, with a p=0.000. The evaluation conducted after two months of training proved to be significantly different in terms of information and data accuracy with p=0.030 and p=0.040, respectively. WHO Anthro is proven to be able to facilitate kindergarten teachers in determining the nutritional status of students, and the resulting nutritional status reports are of higher quality because they are more accurate and useful for early detection of stunting in each school
Practitioner’s Perspective on Activities and Outcomes of the Weight Management Program: A Qualitative Study
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the activities and outcomes of weight management programs from the practitioner’s perspective. A qualitative approach was employed in this study, which included in-depth interview and document analysis. Ten practitioners with experience and diverse backgrounds were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Concurrently, document analsis was utilised by examining the printed and online documents provided by the practitioners. The verbatim transcripts and documents were analysed thematically by using Nvivo 12 software. Thematic analysis revealed four themes that represent the key activities generally executed in weight management programs: 1) nutrition and physical activities; 2) screening and monitoring; 3) motivation and spirituality, and 4) task and challenge. This study found two uncommon activities rarely mentioned in previous programs: spirituality and challenge. Practitioners also highlighted activities in the program had positive effects on participants, including: 1) demonstrating positive selfchange; 2) influencing their surroundings, and 3) cost savings. Notably, combining these activities could lead to improved outcomes, particularly when participants are fully committed to the program. In conclusion, this study identified four primary activities and three positive outcomes from the weight management programs. From the practitioner’s perspective, integrating these activities was seen as a good strategy to achieve an optimal result. Hence, it is recommended that future practitioners to incorporate and diversify the activities to enhance their effectiveness
Effect of Sacha Inchi Oil on Human Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile: A Preliminary Study in Malaysia
Get PDFThis uncontrolled pre-post study aimed to assess changes in blood lipid profiles and blood pressure resulting from a 2-month consumption of Sacha Inchi Oil (SIO) (Plukenetia volubilis). Investigating the effects of SIO on Malaysians is essential for tailoring interventions to the local context, considering genetic, cultural, and dietary differences. A total of 13 adult participants, comprising 8 males and 5 females aged 35 to 74 years old, took part in this intervention study. Each participant was instructed to consume 2 softgels daily, with each softgel containing 530 mg of SIO. Blood lipid profiles and blood pressure were measured at baseline and at the end of the 2-month period, utilizing venipuncture for blood tests and a sphygmomanometer for blood pressure assessment. The results indicated a significant reduction in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) levels following SIO supplementation (2 softgels daily) (p<0.05). However, there were no notable improvements in Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and Triglycerides (TG) after the 2-month supplementation. In conclusion, the daily supplementation of 2 softgels of SIO (1,060 mg) for 2 months demonstrated a beneficial effect on blood pressure, particularly in reducing SBP. These findings serve as preliminary data for future research into the potential health benefits of SIO in the Malaysian population
Association between Sleep, Stress and BMI with Chrononutrition Behaviors among Military Personnel in Malaysia
Get PDFThis study aimed to find the association between sleep quality, stress level, and Body Mass Index (BMI) with the chrononutrition behaviors of military personnel. Six chrononutrition behaviors were assessed using the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CPQ). Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The associations between chrononutrition behaviors and sleep quality, stress level, and BMI were determined using the Fisher exact test. Data was collected from 210 participants (median age: 27.5 years). Most military personnel, 62% (n=129) experienced moderate stress. Approximately 59.2% (n=122) demonstrated poor sleep quality. Out of six chrononutrition behaviors, sleep quality was significantly associated with evening eating (p=0.004) and night eating (p=0.028). Stress level was significantly associated with evening eating (p=0.051), night eating (p=0.019), and eating window (p=0.014). No association was found between chrononutrition behaviors and BMI of military personnel. Chrononutrition behaviors are associated with sleep quality and stress level but not body mass index in military personnel. Further understanding of sleep quality and stress among military personnel is imminent to prevent future weight issues concerning altered eating behaviors in this population