Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan
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Relationships of Screen Time and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption with Body Fat Percentage in Female Students in Semarang
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the relationship between screen time duration and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSB) consumption with body fat percentage among female students in Semarang. This cross-sectional study employed 75 female students aged 18‒25 years in Islamic Boarding School KH Sahlan Rosjidi Semarang. The mean screen time duration was 8.41±3.28 hours/day, SSB consumption frequency was 4.77±4.31 times/week, and body fat percentage was 26.76±7.26%. SSB consumption was dominated by powdered drinks. The test has discovered a relationship between screen time duration (p=0.000, r=0.443) and the frequency of SSB consumption such as powdered drinks (p=0.002, r=0.350), packaged milk (p=0.038, r=0.240), yogurt (p=0.013, r=0.286), packaged coffee (p=0.022, r=0.264), and carbonated drinks (p=0.005, r=0.320) with body fat percentage
Differences in Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Stress Levels between School Teachers Living in Rural and Urban Areas in Karawang, Indonesia during the COVID- 19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis study investigated the differences in metabolic syndrome risk factors and psychological stress levels among school teachers in rural and urban areas during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Waist circumference, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride levels, hypertension status, and fasting blood glucose were measured in 71 participants. The results showed higher rates of large waist circumference and hypertension in rural areas, and higher rates of low HDL, high triglyceride, and high fasting blood glucose in urban areas. In addition, a greater percentage of individuals in both rural and urban areas experienced high level of stress. These findings suggest different health risks associated with living in different areas during the pandemic
The Therapeutic Effects of West Indian Elm (Guazuma ulmifolia) Leaf Extract on Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Wistar Rats
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of West Indian elm leaf extract on coronary artery atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemia Wistar rats. Cholesterol, a key factor in the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease, is present in fat-containing diets. Orlistat is one of the medications that can reduce blood cholesterol levels, but since it has side effects, herbs are more preferable to it. One such herbal plant, West Indian elm (Guazuma ulmifolia), contains tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids, secondary metabolites that carry the properties necessary to reduce blood cholesterol levels, in its leaves. In this experimental study, which focused on histopathological parameters to see the scale of progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis, 30 Wistar rats were induced with a high-fat diet and divided into 6 sample groups, consisting of three control groups (normal, negative, and positive) and three treatment groups (which received a West Indian elm leaf extract at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kgBW). Significant results were obtained from both Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05) between the negative control group and the positive control group, between the negative control group and treatment group 2 (0.4 g/kgBW), and between the negative control group and treatment group 3 (0.8 g/kgBW). In conclusion, this study proved that West Indian elm (Guazuma ulmifolia) leaf extract reduces the development of coronary atherosclerosis and shares a similarity in therapeutic effect with orlistat
Protective Effects of the Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Cornsilk against Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Get PDFDiabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a significant public health problem worldwide and primarily correlated to hyperglycaemia and abnormal lipid and antioxidant levels. Fruit and vegetable wastes are rich in phenolic compounds thus suitable for antioxidant sources. Cornsilk (CS), a maize cultivar waste, also contains phenolic compounds. The current study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidative properties of the Phenolic-Rich Fraction of Cornsilk (PRF-CS) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Five groups of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were employed in this study. A sample size of six rats each is placed in five groups: Normal-Control (NC), Diabetic-Control (DC), Diabetic-PRF-CS treated 100 mg/kg (DPRF100) and 200 mg/kg (DPRF200), and Diabetic-Metformin Treated (Dmet) groups. The PRF-CS was administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses for 28 consecutive days to the diabetic rats. Treatment with both doses of PRF-CS (DPRF100 and DPRF200) significantly decreased the blood glucose levels of the rats (p<0.05). Additionally, the PRF-treated rats demonstrated significantly decreased (p<0.05) lipid peroxidation (3.60±0.23 and 3.31±0.56 µmol/g, respectively). The hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) (169.35±4.75 and 175.30±3.69 U/mg, respectively), Catalase (CAT) (1457.51±152.74 and 2011.99±396.96 U/mg), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) (63.43±2.99 and 78.47±4.51 U/mg) were also elevated in contrast to the DC group. Furthermore, the PRF-CS administration improved the histological alterations in the liver tissues of the DPRF100 and DPRF200 rats. In conclusion, PRF-CS treatment exhibited protective effects in the diabetic rat model by decreasing oxidative stress and preserving liver integrity
Determinants of Poor Diet Quality among Elderly with Low Socioeconomic Status
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors that contribute to the elderly with low socioeconomic status eating poor-quality diets. Two hundreds and ninety three (293) senior citizens, including 136 men and 157 women, were sought out from five districts in Kelantan. Data on socio-demography, medical history, empty nest, depressive symptoms and diet history were obtained through an interview-administered method. Anthropometry measurement including height, weight and circumferences (waist, hip, calf and mid-upper arm) were measured. Body composition were measured using body composition monitor to obtain muscle mass and fat mass. Blood pressure were measured using blood pressure monitor. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) algorithm was used to determine the diagnosis of sarcopenia. 48.8% of the participants were underweight. The majority of participants fell short of the suggested daily calorie consumption. 42% of the participants had poor diet quality according to Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. Hypercholesterolemia and poor Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score were found to be risk factors of poor diet quality. Therefore, nutrition interventions are important to help low-income families especially with older adults to improve their nutritional status for reducing risk of sarcopenia and chronic diseases
Nutrition Training for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teachers in Semarang Regency
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) teachers in Semarang Regency about nutrition. This study used a quasi-experimental design. Seventeen teachers were provided with training covering four modules in four hours. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA. It showed that the understanding of 94% of the teachers about nutrition had a score higher than 60. There was a slight increase in the knowledge of nutrition among the teachers but it was not statistically significant (F=2.395; p=0.173). It is concluded that training on nutrition for MI teachers in Semarang Regency slightly increased their knowledge on nutrition
Dietary Diversity Score and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Girls with Anemia in Bandung Region
Get PDFThis study aimed to determine the association between Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) and nutritional status among adolescent girls with anemia. Seventy-one adolescent girls aged 15−17 years from high schools in Bandung were selected using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). The data on the sociodemographic characteristics, health and nutritional status, and DDS of the subjects were collected. Results showed that the mean DDS was classified as high. There was no significant association between DDS and BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) in adolescent girls with anemia (p>0.05). Therefore, DDS was not associated with nutritional status in adolescent girls with anemia
Pumpkin Soygurt Improves Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes Mellitus Rats Model
Get PDFThe study aimed to analyze the effect of pumpkin yogurt on insulin resistance in a rat model. The experiment employed 30 male Wistar rats divided into six groups: three control groups (healthy, negative, and positive) and three treatment groups (metformin+PS 1 mL, 1.5 mL, 2 mL). The experiments were conducted for four weeks. Blood glucose homeostasis was measured by fasting blood glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and Quantitative Insulin-Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI). Administrating a combination of metformin and pumpkin soygurt can control blood glucose homeostasis with an effective dose of 1 mL. Further research should be done on the hormone incretin, which plays a role in insulin secretion
Stress Levels, Emotional Eating, Snacking Habits, and Nutrient Intake among College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis study analyzed the correlation between stress levels and emotional eating, snacking habits, and nutrient intake among college students. This cross-sectional study involved 98 students as subjects who were selected by convenience sampling through an online questionnaire. The result showed 70.4% of the subjects experienced moderate stress, 52% were emotional eaters, 64.3% consumed snacks more than 3 times a day, 39.7% had a protein deficit, 36.7% had an excessive fat intake, and 49% had an energy and carbohydrate intake classified as severely deficit. This study found a positive correlation (p=0.04; r=0.21) between stress levels and emotional eating. Among college students, a high prevalence of moderate stress level was associated with emotional eating