OPUS - Volltextserver Universität Passau
Not a member yet
1021 research outputs found
Sort by
The influence of situational interest on the appropriate use of cognitive learning strategies
Get PDFThis study explores the role of two facets of situational interest, interestingness and
personal significance, as predictors of the adequate use of three types of cognitive
learning strategies (rehearsal strategies, organizational strategies, and elaboration
strategies). In order to attain this goal, it introduces a new measure of the adequacy
of the use of cognitive learning strategies by using the distance between teachers’
estimates of appropriate use of learning strategies for a specific task and students’
reported strategic behavior.
Based on a theoretical model of the use of cognitive learning strategies, the study
shows, by means of structural equation modeling, that different facets of situational
interest play different roles in predicting students’ surface and deep processing. In
summary, it was found that experienced personal significance played a major role
in predicting deep-processing strategies for a significant proportion of the 34 tasks
in this study, whereas interestingness fell short of expectations.
Limitations did arise owing to some missing values, which may blur the findings at
the lower interest and achievement end for the student sample. Nevertheless, suggestions
have been made for future research, which can help teachers of history
classes to determine components of success, namely experienced personal significance,
when designing tasks and consequently provide effective learning tasks to
their classes
Universitätsbibliothek Passau: Jahresbericht 2016
Get PDFJahresbericht der Universitätsbibliothek Passau für das Jahr 2016
Towards Practical Predicate Analysis
Get PDFSoftware model checking is a successful technique for automated program verification. Several of the most widely used approaches for software model checking are based on solving first-order-logic formulas over predicates using SMT solvers, e.g., predicate abstraction, bounded model checking, k-induction, and lazy abstraction with interpolants. We define a configurable framework for predicate-based analyses that allows expressing each of these approaches. This unifying framework highlights the differences between the approaches, producing new insights, and facilitates research of further algorithms and their combinations, as witnessed by several research projects that have been conducted on top of this framework. In addition to this theoretical contribution, we provide a mature implementation of our framework in the software verifier that allows applying all of the mentioned approaches to practice. This implementation is used by other research groups, e.g., to find bugs in the Linux kernel, and has proven its competitiveness by winning gold medals in the International Competition on Software Verification.
Tools and approaches for software model checking like our predicate analysis are typically evaluated using performance benchmarking on large sets of verification tasks. We have identified several pitfalls that can silently arise during benchmarking, and we have found that the benchmarking techniques and tools that are used by many researchers do not guarantee valid results in practice, but may produce arbitrarily large measurement errors. Furthermore, certain hardware characteristics can also have nondeterministic influence on the measurements. In order to being able to properly evaluate our framework for software verification, we study the effects of these hardware characteristics, and define a list of the most important requirements that need to be ensured for reliable benchmarking. We present as solution an open-source benchmarking framework BenchExec, which in contrast to other benchmarking tools fulfills all our requirements and aims at making reliable benchmarking easy. BenchExec was already adopted by several research groups and the International Competition on Software Verification.
Using the power of BenchExec we conduct an experimental evaluation of our unifying framework for predicate analysis. We study the effect of varying the SMT solver and the way program semantics are encoded in formulas across several verification algorithms and find that these technical choices can significantly influence the results of experimental studies of verification approaches. This is valuable information for both researchers who study verification approaches as well as for users who apply them in practice. Our comprehensive study of 120 different configurations would not have been possible without our highly flexible and configurable unifying framework for predicate analysis and shows that the latter is a valuable base for conducting experiments. Furthermore, we show using a comparison against top-ranking verifiers from the International Competition on Software Verification that our implementation is highly competitive and can outperform the state of the art
Begleitende wissenschaftliche Evaluation des Teilprojekts Rettung der Flussperlmuschel in Niederbayern - Projektbericht
Get PDFDie erste Erhebung der begleitenden wissenschaftlichen Evaluation des Teilprojekts Rettung der Flussperlmuschel in Niederbayern untersucht die Interessenlage der betroffenen und involvierten Akteure zum Thema Flussperlmuschelschutz (FPMS) sowie die Beziehungen unter den Akteuren – also die Netzwerk-Bedingungen, unter denen das Projekt im April 2016 startete. Hierfür wurden mittels einer Stakeholder-Analyse zwölf Interviews mit VertreterInnen verschiedener Interessensbereiche geführt und ausgewertet. Mit Hilfe sozialwissenschaftlicher Konzepte wie der Akteurs-Netzwerk-Theorie konnten die Ergebnisse der Interviews eingeordnet und Handlungsempfehlungen ausgesprochen werden
Die Berichte der Seelsorger des Bistums Passau nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs (1945)
Get PDF„Das Kriegsgeschehen ging besser vorüber, als wir zu hoffen wagten: Ohne Brand u. ohne Todesfall“, konstatierte ein Passauer Diözesanpriester wenige Wochen nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Ob das auch in den anderen Pfarreien des Bistums so der Fall gewesen ist beziehungsweise was sich dort um den 8. Mai 1945 - dem Tag der bedingungslosen Kapitulation der deutschen Wehrmacht - sowie in den Wochen danach abgespielt hat, darüber geben die aufgrund zweier Aufträge des Bischöflichen Ordinariats angefertigten Berichte der Seelsorger detailliert Aufschluss. Außerdem nehmen sie die zwölf Jahre unter der nationalsozialistischen Herrschaft in den Blick und machen Angaben über lokale Vorkommnisse, nicht zuletzt in Bezug auf Schikanen vonseiten des NS-Regimes gegenüber Geistlichen oder Pfarrangehörigen.
Diese umfangreichen Berichte werden in vorliegender Arbeit im vollen Wortlaut wiedergegeben. Der Edition vorangestellt sind neben einem historischen Abriss, der vor allem die Schlussphase des Dritten Reichs und die Anfänge der amerikanischen Besatzung behandelt, allgemeine Informationen zu den Dokumenten samt einer konzisen Auswertung derselben
Addressing Data-Centric Security Requirements for IoT-Based Systems
No full textAllowing users to control access to their data is paramount for the success of the Internet of Things; therefore, it is imperative to ensure it, even when data has left the users' control, e.g. shared with cloud infrastructure. Consequently, we propose several state of the art mechanisms from the security and privacy research fields to cope with this requirement.
To illustrate how each mechanism can be applied, we derive a data-centric architecture providing access control and privacy guaranties for the users of IoT-based applications. Moreover, we discuss the limitations and challenges related to applying the selected mechanisms to ensure access control remotely. Also, we validate our architecture by showing how it empowers users to control access to their health data in a quantified self use case
Threat Assessment for Multistage Cyber Attacks in Smart Grid Communication Networks
Get PDFIn smart grids, managing and controlling power operations are supported by information
and communication technology (ICT) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. The increasing adoption of new ICT assets in smart grids is making smart grids vulnerable to cyber threats, as well as raising numerous concerns about the adequacy of current security approaches.
As a single act of penetration is often not sufficient for an attacker to achieve his/her goal, multistage cyber attacks may occur. Due to the interdependence between the power grid and the communication network, a multistage cyber attack not only affects the cyber system but impacts the physical system. This thesis investigates an application-oriented stochastic game-theoretic cyber threat assessment framework, which is strongly related to the information security risk management process as standardized in ISO/IEC 27005. The proposed cyber threat assessment framework seeks to address the specific challenges (e.g., dynamic changing attack scenarios and understanding cascading effects) when performing threat assessments for multistage cyber attacks in smart grid communication networks.
The thesis looks at the stochastic and dynamic nature of multistage cyber attacks in smart grid use cases and develops a stochastic game-theoretic model to capture the interactions of the attacker and the defender in multistage attack scenarios. To provide a flexible and practical payoff formulation for the designed stochastic game-theoretic model, this thesis presents a mathematical analysis of cascading failure propagation (including both interdependency cascading failure propagation and node overloading cascading failure propagation) in smart grids. In addition, the thesis quantifies the characterizations of disruptive effects of cyber attacks on physical power grids.
Furthermore, this thesis discusses, in detail, the ingredients of the developed stochastic game-theoretic model and presents the implementation steps of the investigated stochastic game-theoretic cyber threat assessment framework. An application of the proposed cyber threat assessment framework for evaluating a demonstrated multistage cyber attack scenario in smart grids is shown. The cyber threat assessment framework can be integrated into an existing risk management process, such as ISO 27000, or applied as a standalone threat assessment process in smart grid use cases
Jugendbefragung im Landkreis Freyung-Grafenau. Projektbericht
Get PDFInhaltsverzeichnis
I. Tabellenverzeichnis
II. Abbildungsverzeichnis
III. Projektbericht
1. Einleitung
2. Theoretische Einordnung
3. Anmerkungen zur Durchführung der Befragungsstudie
4. Wie attraktiv ist die Heimat? Ergebnispräsentation
4.1 Beschreibung der Stichprobe
4.2 Wie stellt sich die Situation für junge Leute im Landkreis dar?
4.3 Was sind die Ursachen für den Wunsch wegzugehen?
4.4 Begrenzte Reichweite der Studienergebnisse
4.5 Wünsche und Forderungen an Politik und Verwaltung
5. Zusammenfassung
IV. Literatur
V. Anhan
Four essays on the entanglement of career choices and gender in the information and communication technology industry
Get PDFIn the first article, I will focus on the career choice itself and identify core components that a career choice regarding the ICT-industry is comprised of.
In the second article, the thesis focuses on the Indian ICT-industry. The Indian ICT-industry consists of a comparably high percentage of female employees, namely 35% at the entry-level, but at the same time struggles with high attrition rates at higher levels. Therefore, the Indian ICT-industry serves as a best practice example for attracting women to the ICT-industry, and simultaneously assists us in under-standing the reasons why they tend not to stay.
In the third article, the thesis focuses on the stability of career choices by analyzing the short- and long-term persistence of females and males in computing disciplines.
In the fourth article, the thesis analyzes the motivation structure of people that plan to enter the ICT-industry. This is to identify what kinds of people are attracted to the ICT-industry and to reveal differences in their vocational behavior
Die Stifte und Klöster der Stadt Landshut
Get PDF„Leider blieb die Diplomarbeit von Anton Landersdorfer (1979) ungedruckt“, konstatierte Dr. Franz Niehoff, der Leiter der Museen der Stadt Landshut, im Vorwort des 2011 erschienenen Buches „Gott zur Ehre – der Stadt zum Wohl. Die Klöster der Stadt Landshut von der Gründung bis zur Säkularisation“, verfasst von Markus Mitschke. Auch wenn damit eine umfangreiche, den neuesten Stand der wissenschaftlichen Forschung widerspiegelnde Studie zur wechselvollen Geschichte der insgesamt acht Landshuter Ordensniederlassungen – vier weibliche und vier männliche – vorliegt, sei, die Anregung von Dr. Niehoff aufgreifend, oben genannte Diplomarbeit auf diesem Wege nachträglich publiziert, zumal sie nicht nur anders strukturiert ist, sondern neben den Klöstern auch das Kollegiatstift St. Martin und Kastulus in den Blick nimmt