Indo. J. Chem. Res.
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Adsorption of Tartrazine Dye By Active Carbon from Mahagony (Swietenia Mahagoni Jacq) Rind
Get PDFThe adsorption of tartrazine dye on active carbon of mahagony (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq) rind has been done. Through acquired active carbon carbonations process, where was that rind at entry into furnace on temperature 500oC for 1 hour, afterwards is cooled and sieved to 50 mesh. Activation process was done through charcoal soaking in 4 M HCl solution for 15 hours and be dried on ovens at 110o C for 1 hour. After that, by the calcinations process in furnace at 450o C was streamed to gas N2 for 2 hours then analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to charcoal before activation, after activation and after calcinations. Adsorption process to tartrazina dye utilize UV-Vis spectrophotometer was been done. Result of research are gotten optimum condition of active carbon which is on adsorben’s weight 1.0 g, contact time 40 minutes, pH = 3 and concentration of tartrazine dye on 30 ppm. Adsorption of tartrazine dye on the active carbon fits Freundlich's isotherm at the value correlation coefficient (r 2 ), value K F , and value n which is 98%; 0.015 and 1.186 respectively
Effect Of Soft Drink To Demineralization On The Tooth Enamel By Addition Of Sodium Fluoride
Get PDFThis research was carried to determine the influence of soft drink with tooth, determine power to retard of NaF at the demineralization of tooth enamel and to determine of Calcium and Phosphate total which dissolve. The research was carried out with to flood the tooth in soft drink without to add a soft drink and with to add a soft drink at the certain time variation. The demineralization of tooth enamel to see at the decrease of tooth weight before and after flooded. The degree of Calcium in soft drink to measure with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and the degree of Phosphate in soft drink to measure with Ultra Violet-Visible Spectrophotometry. The result of research shows that the more long time tooth contacts with soft drink, the more much Calcium and Phosphate which dissolve. And with to add the Fluor with concentration 1 ppm can to harm demineralization of tooth enamel
Extraction And Identification Of Sulfated Polysaccharide From Gracilaria sp.
Get PDFPolysaccharide from Gracilaria sp (locally known as “Sayur Karangâ€) was extracted using hot alkaline solutions (NaOH and KOH). Fractionation using DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column showed that the polysaccharide discharged after being eluted with 0.5 – 1.0 M NaCl. Spectroscopic analysis using FTIR showed that the polysaccharide contained hydroxyl (3420 cm-1 (NaOH frcation) dan 3446 cm-1 (KOH frcation)), carbonyl (1642 cm-1 (NaOH frcation) and 1644 cm-1 (KOH frcation)) and sulphate (1271 cm-1 (NaOH frcation) and 1262 cm-1 (KOH frcation)) groups proving that the polysaccharide is a sulphated polysaccharide. A further study is needed to elucidate the structure of the sulphated polysaccharide as well as physiochemical properties of the polysaccharide
Trimyristin Isolation From Nutmeg And Synthesis Of Methylester Using Heterogen Catalyst
Get PDFTrimyristin isolation from the nutmeg and synthesis of methylester using heterogen catalyst has been carried out
in several stages, included isolation of nutmeg oil, trimyristin isolation and synthesis of methylester. The
synthesis was started by isolation of nutmeg oil with steam distillation for 8 hours. It yields was 308 mL of
nutmeg oil. The isolation trimyristin from nutmeg with maseration using chloroform yields trimirystin 17 g
(11%), structure elusidation of these products was analized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. The synthesis methylester
using CaO catalyst and methanol yields 1,78 g (89,02%) of methyl myristate. Product purity was tested by GC
and structure elusidation was analized by FTIR and MS
The Characterization Of Clays From Latuhalat Village Activated Using Ammonium Nitrate
Get PDFResearch on characterization clays from Latuhalat village before and after the activation using ammonium nitrate has been carried out. The brick was grinded, washed with aquadest and filtered. The clays was dried for 4 h in oven at 120°C, then it was soaked in HCl 1M for 30 min and was filtered. The clays in oven at 110°C for 5 h. The clays were sieved and activated using ammonium nitrate solution 700 ppm for 5 hours followed by filtration and heating in a furnace with temperature 5000C for 4 hours. The results of this research show that the adsorption of Pb2+ metal ions by ammonium nitrate salts, activated clays occur at pH 7 with 4 hours of contact time at concentrations of 100 ppm and heavy absorbent 0.15 g. Next clays are not activated NH4NO3 and activated NH4NO3 are characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. After the adsorption clays are characterized also by FT-IR. SEM micrograph with results on samples of clay before and after activated with magnification 10.000x showed a huge difference. Porosity clay before activation is relatively small compared to clay after activated. Sample after sample surface showed that activated the typical micro-structure is clearly visible in the shape of the flat, and slightly layered hexagonal. FT-IR analysis of clay before and after activation, activation and after adsorption showed the results did not very much. On clay prior to activation with NH4NO3 on the uptake about 900 cm-1 is the functional group montmorilonite. For the clays after adsorption showed the existence of ties between clay particles with metal. For metal uptake there are areas around 425 cm-1. The result analysis of x-ray diffraction of clays before and after activation of NH4NO3 indicates the result value of 2θ in a row is 26,65470 and 26,87750 which is area with indication of quartz SiO2
Base Activated Clay And Its Application As Cation Exchanger To Reduce The Mg2+ AND Ca2+ Ions Concentration In The Well
Get PDFThe research about base activated clay and its application as cation exchanger to reducing the concentration of ions Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the well water has been caried out. Base solution used for clay activation was NaOH with variation of concentration at, 0.5 M, 1 M, and 1.5 M. Particle size of clay also have been variated at 40 mesh, 60 mesh, and 80 mesh. The result of this research shown that the best cation exchanging for Mg2+ was found in clay with 60 mesh particle sizes and concentration of NaOH 0.5 M, whereas for Ca2+ was found in clay with 80 mesh particle sizes and concentration of NaOH was 1.5 M
Histamine Content In Processed Bullet Tuna (Auxis thazard) Stew With Various Concentration Of NaCl
Get PDFAnalysis of histamine content in processed bullet tuna (Auxis thazard) stew flesh can be carried out by
Spectrophotometry method, using p- phenildiazonium sulfonate reagent. A qualitative, visual comparison of
colour intensity of samples with reference colour scale of the standard solution concentration can be used to
determine levels of histamine without the aid of a spectrophotometer. The histamine content is determined
quantitatively by the standard curve regression equation (y= 0.003x–0.062) with determination coefficient
value (R2= 0.938). The results showed that histamine content inprocessed bullet tuna (Auxis thazard)
obtained: 46.9964; 40.3093; 34.4348; 28.9900 and 24.8862 mg/100g fish, at 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 and 2.5%
concentration of NaCl, respectively
Separation Of Copper And Chromium Metal In Ultrabasic Rocks From Top Of Manoapa Region, Subdistrict Of Lasusua Southeast Sulawesi By Ligand of 2 - (Aminometil) Pyridine
Get PDFStudy on separation of ions chromium metal and copper in ultrabasic material located in the village to of Monapa subdistrict Lasusua Regency Kolaka Utara Province Sulawesi Tenggara was conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of the ligand 2-(aminometil) pyridine to separate chromium metals and copper to pure metals and its application to separate the chromium metals (Cr) and copper (Cu) in ultrabasic material from the village of Puncak Monapa subdistrict Lasusua Regency Kolaka Utara Province Sulawesi Tenggara by means of extraction method. The concentration of ions chromium metal (Cr) and copper (Cu) of the pure metals are extracted respectively 10 ppm, and the concentration of the ligand 2-(aminometil) pyridine is 10 ppm. For concentration ion chromium metal (Cr) and copper (Cu) in ultrabasic material with 20x and 30x dilution is 8.3875 and 1.3590 and 3.50 ppm and 2,001 ppm for the ions copper metal (Cu). Results of this research shomush that the ability of ligand 2-(aminometil) pyridine for extracting chromium metals (Cr) and copper (Cu) for a single pure metal has a percent extraction (%E) are respectively 79.375 % and 82.37 %. Separation ability of ions chromium metal (Cr) and ions copper (Cu) mixed are 77.625% and 79.96%. For its application in separating ions chromium metal (Cr) and copper (Cu) in ultrabasic material to 20 time dilution extraction are 74.51% and 71.35%, and 30 time dilution are 69.28% and 69.71%. Based on the results of the study ligand 2-(aminometil) pyridine is relatively better for ions copper metal (Cu) for extraction ions of pure metal and relatively similar to ultrabasic material
Synthesis of Binuclear Complex Compound of {[Fe(L)(NCS)¬2]2oks} (L = 1,10-phenantrolin and 2,2’-bypiridine)
Get PDFThe paramagnetic complex {[Fe(fen)(NCS)2]2oks} have been synthesized in methanol solution using 1-10 phenantrolin, 2,2 '-bipyridine, NCS- ligands and oxalate as bridging ligand. Synthesis of Fe (II) with ligands phenantrolin produced three complexes is paramagnetic compounds each with a value of magnetic moment (μ) of 5.98 BM, 7.34 BM and 6.00 BM, respectively. For complexes with bipyridine ligand complexes obtained two diamagnetic compounds with the magnetic moment (μ) was 3.57 BM and 3.50 BM, respectively. It could concluded that the field strength of bipyridine ligand cannot be reduced by NCS- ligand. Analysis results showing that the synthesized compound is a binuclear complex with {[Fe(fen)(NCS)2]2oks} molecular formula. This conclusion was supported by the measurement of conductivity, magnetic moment, IR spectroscopy and XRD analysis
Synthesis Of 3,4-Methylendioxy Isoamyl Cinnamic As The Sunscreen Compound From Cullilawang Oil
Get PDFSynthesis of 3,4-methylendioxy isoamyl cinnamic as the sunscreen compound from safrole isolation of cullilawang oil had been concluded. The reactions begin from isolation safrol with reduction pressure destilation fractination yield 74.71% safrol. The isomerization of safrole to isosafrole using KOH without solvent at temperature 130Â 0C for 5 hours yield 86.50% isosafrole. The oxidation of isosafrole using KMnO4 with polysorbate (Tween 80) catalyst, yield 72.33% pyperonal crystal. The crystal of pyperonal was synthesis to become sunscreen compound of 3,4-methylendioxy isoamyl cinnamic through Claissen condensation reaction using isoamylacetate and sodium metal, yield 56.87% with 88.16% purity. The purity was tested by GC and the elucidation of those structure was analyzed by FTIR, 1H-NMR abd MS. The sunscreen efectivity of 3,4-methylendioxy isoamyl cinnamic was exam using UV-Vis spectrofotometer according to Petro method showed that the compound have a protection against UV-A light with the SPF value = 5.3