Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret (Publishing Systems)
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KAJIAN KLASIFIKASI BAHAYA EROSI DENGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI DI DAERAH HULU WADUK SEMPOR, GOMBONG
Get PDFTitle : The Study of Erosion Hazard Clasification by Geographic Information System in Sempor Reservoir Upstream Area, Gombong. Sempor reservoir, about 5 km north side of Gombong – Kebumen Regency, has decreased of water reservoir volume about 45% in 2002. The aim of this research has established erosion hazard classification in Sempor reservoir upstream area. This research was done on April until October 2007. The method used explorative descriptive that was began with interpretation of Landsat 7 ETM+ image satellite and continue with field survey. The erosion prediction calculating used Universal Soil Loss Erosion Equation (USLE) based on land unit. The result shows that erosion hazard level has dominated by very heavy level with 2,413.84 ha (55.70%). The erosion hazard index has been dominated by very high class (2,129.45 ha or 49.14%). The factor that caused high erosion is slope, especially on land whose very heavy Erosion Hazard Level and high until very high Erosion hazard index. This research give 8 recommendations about soil conservation technical based on soil deep, erosion prediction amount and erosion hazard level. Keywords: Erosion, Erosion hazard, Sempor reservoir, USLESempor reservoir, about 5 km north side of Gombong – Kebumen Regency, has decreased of water reservoir volume about 45% in 2002. The aim of this research has established erosion hazard classification in Sempor reservoir upstream area. This research was done on April until October 2007. The method used explorative descriptive that was began with interpretation of Landsat 7 ETM+ image satellite and continue with field survey. The erosion prediction calculating used Universal Soil Loss Erosion Equation (USLE) based on land unit.
The result shows that erosion hazard level has dominated by very heavy level with 2,413.84 ha (55.70%). The erosion hazard index has been dominated by very high class (2,129.45 ha or 49.14%). The factor that caused high erosion is slope, especially on land whose very heavy Erosion Hazard Level and high until very high Erosion hazard index. This research give 8 recommendations about soil conservation technical based on soil deep, erosion prediction amount and erosion hazard level.
Keywords: Erosion, Erosion hazard, Sempor reservoir, USL
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN NPK DAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA ABSORSI P, PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI DI PSAMMENTS BANTUL
No full textEffect of NPK Fertilizer and Organic Matter on P Absorption, Growth and Yield of Soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research aimed to study combination of NPK fertilizer, and manure on P absorption, growth, and yield of soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research was done in green house, Soil Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Department of Soil, Agricultural Faculty, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta from February to May 2007. The factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications used in the research with the first factor was dosage of cow manure (O) with 3 levels: O0 (0 ton/ha), O1 (20 ton/ha), and O2 (30 ton/ha). The second factor was dose of NPK fertilizer (A) with 5 levels: A0 (0 kg/ha), A1 (75 kg/ha), A2 (150 kg/ha), A3 (225 kg/ha), A4 (300 kg/ha). They were separated into two parts, forty five polybags were observed until maximal vegetative and the others were observed on harvesting to observe amount of seed per plant and seed dry weight per plant. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance with 5% significance of level and followed with Duncan`s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results indicated that interaction between NPK fertilizer and manure effected significantly on P content of shoot, P absorption of shoot and root wet weight with best dose combination of 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer and 30 ton/ha manure. Concentration of P in 300 kg/ha NPK equivalent to 35.25 kg/ha of SP‐36 can’t increased plant growth and yield of soybean due to the dose is lower than dose of SP‐36 fertilizer that generally used by farmer. Keywords: NPK fertilizer, organic matter, soybean, psammentsThe research aimed to study combination of NPK fertilizer, and manure on P absorption, growth, and yield of soybean in Psamments Bantul. The research was done in green house, Soil Physical and Chemical Laboratory, Department of Soil, Agricultural Faculty, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta from February to May 2007.
The factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications used in the research with the first factor was dosage of cow manure (O) with 3 levels: O0 (0 ton/ha), O1 (20 ton/ha), and O2 (30 ton/ha). The second factor was dose of NPK fertilizer (A) with 5 levels: A0 (0 kg/ha), A1 (75 kg/ha), A2 (150 kg/ha), A3 (225 kg/ha), A4 (300 kg/ha). They were separated into two parts, forty five polybags were observed until maximal vegetative and the others were observed on harvesting to observe amount of seed per plant and seed dry weight per plant. Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance with 5% significance of level and followed with Duncan`s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
The results indicated that interaction between NPK fertilizer and manure effected significantly on P content of shoot, P absorption of shoot and root wet weight with best dose combination of 300 kg/ha of NPK fertilizer and 30 ton/ha manure. Concentration of P in 300 kg/ha NPK equivalent to 35.25 kg/ha of SP‐36 can’t increased plant growth and yield of soybean due to the dose is lower than dose of SP‐36 fertilizer that generally used by farmer.
Keywords: NPK fertilizer, organic matter, soybean, psamment
KAJIAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN ASAM ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK DALAM MELARUTKAN FOSFAT DARI BATUAN FOSFAT ALAM
No full textStudy of Organic and Inorganic Acid Capabilities in Solubilize Phosphatic Rock‐P. Phosphatic rock has been used as phosphate fertilizer for along time and now being an alternative of P fertilizer. But its low solubility making them uneffective source of P for plant. Many attempt to increases their solubility has been done i.e. by acidulated it with organic and inorganic acid. Inorganic acid solubilize mineral P by acidification while organic acid by acidification and maybe chelating mechanism. The aim of this research is to study the effectivity of the two kind of acid, organic (citric acid) and inorganic acid (sulphuric acid) in solubilizing phosphatic rock‐P. Research has conducted in May – Oct 2007 at Soil Biology Laboratory, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The experiment arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three level of sulphuric acid concentration (0.00 M, 0.02 M and 0.04 M), three level of citric acid concentration (0.00 M, 0.02 M and 0.04M) and three kind of phosphatic rock (Christmas Island, Ciamis and Madura) origin. Each of combination treatment replicated three times. A gram of each phosphatic rock was added to 50 ml of aquades in 150 ml erlenmeyer flask and shoke continuously at 200 rpm in reciprocal shaker. Water soluble‐P and pH were analysed at 0, 3, 6 and 9 day after incubation time. All data was analysed for anova at 95% level of significance and continued with DMRT if any significance differences. Research show that inorganic acid (sulphuric acid) solubilize phosphatic rock‐P stronger than organic acid, except for high content Al phosphatic rock, where the two kind of acid have equal P‐solubilizing capacity. Maybe, the high P‐solubilizing capacity of organic acid for high Al‐phosphatic rock caused by its ability in chelating Al. Keywords: Fosfat, batuan fosfat alam, asam sitrat, asam sulfatPhosphatic rock has been used as phosphate fertilizer for along time and now being an alternative of P fertilizer. But its low solubility making them uneffective source of P for plant. Many attempt to increases their solubility has been done i.e. by acidulated it with organic and inorganic acid. Inorganic acid solubilize mineral P by acidification while organic acid by acidification and maybe chelating mechanism. The aim of this research is to study the effectivity of the two kind of acid, organic (citric acid) and inorganic acid (sulphuric acid) in solubilizing phosphatic rock‐P. Research has conducted in May – Oct 2007 at Soil Biology Laboratory, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. The experiment arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three level of sulphuric acid concentration (0.00 M, 0.02 M and 0.04 M), three level of citric acid concentration (0.00 M, 0.02 M and 0.04M) and three kind of phosphatic rock (Christmas Island, Ciamis and Madura) origin. Each of combination treatment replicated three times. A gram of each phosphatic rock was added to 50 ml of aquades in 150 ml erlenmeyer flask and shoke continuously at 200 rpm in reciprocal shaker. Water soluble‐P and pH were analysed at 0, 3, 6 and 9 day after incubation time. All data was analysed for anova at 95% level of significance and continued with DMRT if any significance differences. Research show that inorganic acid (sulphuric acid) solubilize phosphatic rock‐P stronger than organic acid, except for high content Al phosphatic rock, where the two kind of acid have equal P‐solubilizing capacity. Maybe, the high P‐solubilizing capacity of organic acid for high Al‐phosphatic rock caused by its ability in chelating Al.
Keywords: Fosfat, batuan fosfat alam, asam sitrat, asam sulfa
PENGARUH RESIDU PUPUK SETELAH TIGA MUSIM TANAM TERHADAP KEDELAI DI LAHAN SAWAH ENTISOL
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PREDIKSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI DENGAN METODE USLE DAN MUSLE PADA KAWASAN HUTAN JATI (Tectona Grandis LF ) Dl KPH CEPU JAWA TENGAH
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EFEK PERIMBANGAN PUPUK ORGANIK DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH ANDISOL TAWANGMANGU DAN HASIL TANAMAN WORTEL (Daucus carota L.)
Get PDFTitle : Effects of Balance Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on the Andisols Soil Chemistry at Tawangmangu to Yield of Carrot (Daucus carota L.). This research was carried out from August 2008 to February 2009. The purpose of this research were to know the effect of litter quality of Gliricidia maculata and Salacca edulis to inhibition of nitrification and efficiency N benefit in Alfisols. This research were conducted in Blumbang, Sub district Tawangmangu, Karanganyar Regency. The aim of this research to know the effect of balance organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to Andisols soil chemistry at Tawangmangu. This research was experimental research which is used RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with single factor: trial pattern P1 (0% organic fertilizer + 0% inorganic fertilizer), P2 (50% inorganic fertilizer), P3 (100% inorganic fertilizer), P4 (50% organic fertilizer), P5 (50% organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer), P6 (50% organic fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer), P7 (100% organic fertilizer), P8 (100% organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer), P9 (100% organic fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer). Statistical analysis to test about treatment influence used F-test and Kruskal-wallis test, for comparing inter-treatment used Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and Mood Median, for finding out of the relation inter-variable it is used correlation test. The result of the research shows that the balance of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer give significant effect to increase total N soil, available N soil, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and pH H2O, but it has not significant effect to total P soil, available P soil, total K soil, available K soil, pH NaF, Base Saturation (BS), and Organic Matter. The Highest total N soil was 0,56% with increased percentage 38.8% from control and CEC was 28.08 me%, increased 4.87 me% from control in balanced 100% organic fertilizer and 100% inorganic fertilizer, affected to yield of carrot was 138.5 g increased 27.3 g (24.5%) from control. Keywords: Organic fertilizer, Inorganic Fertilizer, Andisols, Soil Chemistry, CarrotThis research was carried out from August 2008 to February 2009. The purpose of this research were to know the effect of litter quality of Gliricidia maculata and Salacca edulis to inhibition of nitrification and efficiency N benefit in Alfisols. This research were conducted in Blumbang, Sub district Tawangmangu, Karanganyar Regency. The aim of this research to know the effect of balance organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to Andisols soil chemistry at Tawangmangu. This research was experimental research which is used RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with single factor: trial pattern P1 (0% organic fertilizer + 0% inorganic fertilizer), P2 (50% inorganic fertilizer), P3 (100% inorganic fertilizer), P4 (50% organic fertilizer), P5 (50% organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer), P6 (50% organic fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer), P7 (100% organic fertilizer), P8 (100% organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer), P9 (100% organic fertilizer + 100% inorganic fertilizer). Statistical analysis to test about treatment influence used F-test and Kruskal-wallis test, for comparing inter-treatment used Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and Mood Median, for finding out of the relation inter-variable it is used correlation test. The result of the research shows that the balance of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer give significant effect to increase total N soil, available N soil, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and pH H2O, but it has not significant effect to total P soil, available P soil, total K soil, available K soil, pH NaF, Base Saturation (BS), and Organic Matter. The Highest total N soil was 0,56% with increased percentage 38.8% from control and CEC was 28.08 me%, increased 4.87 me% from control in balanced 100% organic fertilizer and 100% inorganic fertilizer, affected to yield of carrot was 138.5 g increased 27.3 g (24.5%) from control. Keywords: Organic fertilizer, Inorganic Fertilizer, Andisols, Soil Chemistry, Carro
KAJIAN IMBANGAN DOSIS (Chromolaena odorata) DAN UREA TERNADAP N DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI SAWAH
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PENGARUH KUALITAS DAN DOSIS SERESAH TERHADAP POTENSIAL NITRIFIKASI TANAH DAN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS
Get PDFTitle : EFFECT OF LITTER QUALITY AND DOSAGE TO POTENTIAL NITRIFICATION IN SOIL AND YIELD OF SWEET CORN. Nitrification is conversion of NH4+ to NO2¬- and NO3- by specialized bacteria. The process is very harmful to the plant, therefore should be controlling nitrification in the soil with the application of litter. The purpose of this study is to know the effective of litter quality and dose to control potential nitrification in the soil, and optimum for sweet corn cultivation. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RAKL) with two factor, the first is quality of litter (teak, kirinyu and a combination (teak and kirinyu) and second is the dose (5 Mg / ha, 12.5 Mg / ha and 20 Mg / ha). The results showed that the interaction of quality and dose significantly affect to soil nitrification potential at 2nd and 10th week. Application of kirinyu litter with high quality and doses of 20 Mg / ha had the highest concentration of NO2-, while the application of mix litter with middle quality and dose of 12.5 Mg / ha were lowest concentration of NO2-. Nitrification potential was not significantly correlated with crop yields. Litter kirinyu with high quality and dose of 20 Mg / ha is expected optimum to be applied in the cultivation of sweet corn.Potensial nitrifikasi merupakan perubahan nitrogen yaitu NH4+ menjadi NO2- dan NO3- oleh bakteri khemoautrotop. Proses tersebut sangat merugikan tanaman, sehingga dikendalikan, salah satunya dengan pengaplikasian seresah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas dan dosis yang efektif mengendalikan potensial nitrifikasi dalam tanah, serta budidaya jagung manis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri atas dua faktor yaitu jenis seresah (jati, kirinyu dan campuran (jati+kirinyu) dan dosis (5 Mg/ha, 12,5 Mg/ha dan 20 Mg/ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi jenis dan dosis seresah berpengaruh nyata terhadap potensial nitrifikasi tanah pada minggu ke 2 dan 10. Pemberian seresah kirinyu dengan kualitas tinggi serta dosis 20 Mg/ha memiliki rerata konsentrasi NO2- yang tertinggi, sedangkan rerata konsentrasi NO2- yang terendah pada pemberian seresah campuran dengan kualitas sedang serta dosis 12,5 Mg/ha. Nilai potensial nitrifikasi tidak berkorelasi nyata dengan hasil tanaman. Seresah kirinyu dengan kualitas tinggi serta dosis 20 Mg/ha optimum untuk diaplikasikan dalam budidaya jagung manis
FIKSASI GUMUK PASIR (SAND DUNES) SECARA VEGETATIF UNTUK MENGHINDARKAN KERUSAKAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI SEKITARNYA (Studi Kasus di Pantai Selatan Propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)
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PENGARUH BEBERAPA METODE STERILISASI TANAH TERHADAP STATUS HARA, POPULASI MIKROBIOTA, POTENSI INFEKSI MIKORISA DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN
Get PDFTitle : The Effect of Soil Sterilization Methods on Nutrient Status, Population of Microbiota, Potential Infectivity of Mycorrhiza and Plant Growth. The present study was aimed at elucidating the effectivity of soil sterilization methods and the effect on nutrient status, population of microbiota, potential infectivity of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and plant growth. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with single factor treatment. Inceptisol with VAM propagules was used for the experiment. The treatment of soil sterilization methods consisted of 8 levels with 4 replications: P1 (control, no sterilization), P2 (oven sterilization), P3 (autoclave sterilization), P4 (steam sterilization), P5 (methyl bromide sterilization), P6 (formaldehyde sterilization with cover), P7 (formaldehyde sterilization no cover), and P8 (burning sterilization). Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with 5% of significance level. The results showed that the effectivity of total sterilization (to kill bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) was demonstrated by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations. The effectivity of selective sterilization (to only kill fungi) was demonstrated by formaldehyde sterilization with cover. Soil sterilization methods affected soil nutrient status with a variety of nutrients and intensities. Soil sterilization treatments affected the plant growth of soybeans. The plant growth was better in control. The exception was observed for autoclave sterilization which increased plant growth. The potential infectivity of VAM and nodulation were suppressed totally by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations, followed by formaldehyde sterilizations with and without cover. Keywords: effectivity, nutrient status, plant growth, potential infectivity of Mycorrhiza, soil sterilization methodThe present study was aimed at elucidating the effectivity of soil sterilization methods and the effect on nutrient status, population of microbiota, potential infectivity of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and plant growth. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with single factor treatment. Inceptisol with VAM propagules was used for the experiment. The treatment of soil sterilization methods consisted of 8 levels with 4 replications: P1 (control, no sterilization), P2 (oven sterilization), P3 (autoclave sterilization), P4 (steam sterilization), P5 (methyl bromide sterilization), P6 (formaldehyde sterilization with cover), P7 (formaldehyde sterilization no cover), and P8 (burning sterilization). Data analyzed using Analysis of Variance and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with 5% of significance level. The results showed that the effectivity of total sterilization (to kill bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) was demonstrated by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations. The effectivity of selective sterilization (to only kill fungi) was demonstrated by formaldehyde sterilization with cover. Soil sterilization methods affected soil nutrient status with a variety of nutrients and intensities. Soil sterilization treatments affected the plant growth of soybeans. The plant growth was better in control. The exception was observed for autoclave sterilization which increased plant growth. The potential infectivity of VAM and nodulation were suppressed totally by burning, autoclave and steam sterilizations, followed by formaldehyde sterilizations with and without cover. Keywords: effectivity, nutrient status, plant growth, potential infectivity of Mycorrhiza, soil sterilization metho