Journal Of Natural Sciences And Mathematics Research
Not a member yet
169 research outputs found
Sort by
Minimization of time distribution of ballots with Greedy algorithms in Jombang Regency
Get PDFTravelling Salesman Problem is a problem faced by salesmen in distributing goods by passing all points exactly once. This problem is often encountered in life, not least in the distribution of election ballots from the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) Jombang office to the sub-district office in Jombang Regency. Proper route determination can help to minimize the travelling time between places so that the risk of delaying ballot distribution can be avoided. In determining the solution of Traveling Salesman Problem, a Hamiltonian cycle is required. The Hamiltonian cycle is a closed trail that passes every point exactly one time. The Hamilton cycle can be formed by the Greedy Algorithm. The Greedy Algorithm can quickly determine the next point based on the smallest weight in the form of distance between points. From the problem of ballot distribution in Jombang, the starting point of the route is the office of Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) Jombang then through 21 sub-district offices and back to the Komisi Pemilihan Umum Daerah (KPUD) office Jombang. Based on the searching for solutions to minimize the distribution time of ballots in Jombang Regency with Greedy Algorithm, the total distance to pass all existing sub-district offices is 253.1 km with a travel time of 427 minutes or 7 hours 7 minutes.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Parasitic Protozoa found in the skin, gills, and intestines of Patin Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Get PDFThe parasitic protozoa found in "Ikan Patin" or a species of Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and "Ikan Mas" or Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) are Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius sp. and Myxobolus sp. These protozoa have the potential to cause death in fish and economic losses to fish farmers and sellers. This study was conducted to determine the presence of parasitic protozoa on the skin, gills, and intestines of Catfish and Carp. Samples were taken from the Bursa Ikan Hias Laladon or Laladon Ornamental Fish Market in Bogor, Indonesia. Each species was sampled for as many as 30 fish. The skin, gills, and intestines were examined using the native examination method and Lugol staining. Parasitic protozoa were identified based on their morphology, namely size, and shape. The types of parasitic protozoa found on the skin, gills, and intestines of Catfish and goldfish were Trichodina sp., Ichthyophthirius sp., and Myxobolus sp. The parasites were found in skin organs in as many as 29 samples (96.7%) from Catfish and 30 samples (100%) from Carp. The Genera of Ichthyophthirius sp. were found in the gills of 2 samples (6.7%) in Catfish and 1 sample (3.3%) from positive Carp. Myxobolus sp. was found in the intestines of 11 samples (36.7%) from Catfish and two samples (6.7%) from Carp. The species of Trichodina sp. found based on morphology was Trichodina giurusi.©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Synthesis of Hydrochar Cassava peels with hydrothermal carbonization method and applications as hard water softener
Get PDFGroundwater before being used is very important to pay attention to the quality of the water. Water has good quality if it is in accordance with several parameters, including chemical, physical, and biological parameters. Mineral salt content is one of the chemical parameters that can be used to determine the quality of water. In this study, the synthesis of cassava peel hydrochar was successfully carried out using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. This material was developed to reduce waste of cassava peel biomass and overcome the problem of water hardness. HTC cassava peel was developed as an alternative hard water softener adsorbent. The results of FTIR characterization on hydro-activation (activating hydrochar) and hydro-non (non-activating hydrochar) contain functional groups of O-H stretch, C-H stretch, C≡C stretch and C=C stretch. Observation of surface morphology by SEM method on hydro-non in the form of large sheets, while the surface on hydro-activities in the form of small sheets. The adsorption capacity of hydro-active against Ca2+ ions and Mg2+ ions were 85.240 mg/g and 87.210 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the hydro-non adsorption capacity of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were 84,736 mg/g and 85,713 mg/g. The kinetics of hydro-active adsorption on Mg2+ ion took place on order 3 (0.000003 min-1) while when adsorption of Ca2+ ion took place on order 0 (0.0324 min-1).©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Analysis of Axial CT-Scan image of COVID-19 patients based in gender using the Otsu Thresholding method
Get PDFAt the beginning of 2020, the world was shocked by the emergence of the COVID-19 virus. This virus has spread to all corners of the world, not only in Indonesia. Therefore, the government needs to make efforts to break the chain of transmission of this virus. One of these efforts is to detect COVID-19 as early as possible. Using CT images can be one of the early detection efforts of early-phase lung infections in COVID-19 patients. The stage in detecting COVID-19 is by segmenting the image. In this study, segmentation was carried out using the Otsu Thresholding method on 8 axial CT images of the lungs of COVID-19 patients, consisting of 4 images of male patients and 4 images of female patients. Then the image segmentation results of male and female patients were compared and evaluated using ROC measurements, Threshold (T) values and analyzed for GGO (grand-glass opacity). The result can be seen that judging from the value of the ROC measurement results, the measurement of image segmentation evaluation of male patients is more accurate than female patients. The number of false negatives for male patients and female patients is the same, while the number of false positives for male patients is less than female patients. Threshold value of the image segmentation results of male and female patients is the same so that the density of image segmentation is the same. GGO (grand-glass opacity) for male COVID-19 patients aged between 45-55 years is fuller than female COVID-19 patients aged 45-55 years. This shows that men are more at risk of dying from COVID-19 than female.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Test the characteristics of essential oils of fragrant Lemongrass stems and clove leaves as an electric mosquito repellent
Get PDFEssential oils from the stems of citronella and clove leaves contain chemical compounds, namely citronellal, eugenol, and geraniol, which function as mosquito killers. This study aims to make essential oils from fragrant lemongrass stems and clove leaves using the distillation method. Characteristic tests were carried out in the form of determining color, density, aroma resistance, and mosquito repellency of essential oils. The results of the color determination test showed that the essential oil from clove leaves was more brown in color and the density was greater than the essential oil from the citronella stem oil, while the durability of the aroma in the citronella oil was longer than that of the clove leaf oil. In testing the repulsion of mosquitoes, observations were made for 20 minutes to determine the number of dead mosquitoes, then the value of repulsion (DT) was calculated using probit analysis. The results of the mosquito repellent test showed that the DT value of the essential oil from the citronella stem was 60%-67%, the essential oil from the clove leaf was 54%-60%, while the mixture of the essential oil from the citronella stem and clove leaf was 67%-80 %. This shows that the essential oil from a mixture of citronella stems with clove leaves is able to kill mosquitoes better than only essential oils from citronella stems or clove leaves.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
The quality of Haemoglobin examination results with variations in incubation time using the Cyanmethemoglobin method
Get PDFAnaemia is a condition where blood red blood levels or haemoglobin is lower than normal values. More than 50% of cases of anaemia are spread throughout the world. One of checks to diagnose anaemia is examination of haemoglobin levels. Examination of haemoglobin levels can be determined by several methods, namely the Sahli’s method, the Cyanmethemoglobin method manually and by automatic method. Examination of haemoglobin levels with a of more than 5 minutes incubation time leads to inaccurate results. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of incubation time on the results of haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method. This type of research is experimental research to determine the effect of the incubation time on the results of haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method. The population in this research is outpatients with a diagnosis of kidney failure at Gatoel Hospital, Mojokerto, in March 2019. The number of examination samples is 9 samples which is carried out at the Gatoel Hospital Laboratory, Mojokerto. The results of this research show that the average haemoglobin incubation rate of 5 minutes is 7,52 g/dl, incubation of 20 minutes is 7,18 g / dl, and incubation of 30 minutes is 7,04 g / dl. The conclusion of this research is that there is no effect on the delay in incubation time on the results of the haemoglobin level examination of the Cyanmethemoglobin method
Parasicity level of Telenomus sp. parasitoid against Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith eggs in the laboratory
Get PDFTelenomus sp. as a biological agent, can be used to control a new pest, namely Spodoptera frugiperda which attacks maize in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to count the number of eggs of S. frugiperda parasitized by Telenomus sp. and to calculate the level of parasitization of the parasitoid Telenomus sp. against S. frugiperda in the laboratory. Research method that used in this research were searching for S. frugiperda caterpillars and preparation of Telenomus sp. The data analysis used in this research was inferential analysis. The results of this study were tested using the normality test, as well as the homogeneity test, and continued with the Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that parasite level of parasitoid in tube I, tube II, tube III, and tube IV, namely 0%, 23.5%, 18.3%, 11.3%, and the calculation of sex ratio on Telenomus sp. were 2 females and 1 male were found. This study concludes that the number of parasitoids Telenomus sp. affects the level of egg parasitization.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Calculation of Tabarru Funds Using Makeham's Mortalita Law and Gompertz's Mortalita Law Using the Cost Of Insurance Method
Get PDFTabarru funds have the meaning of a collection of funds given by insurance participants as a virtue fund with sincere intentions for the purpose of helping one participant with another if one of them gets a disaster. The tabarru fund management mechanism in Indonesia uses two types of operational systems, namely the product saving system (savings) and the non-saving product system. Management with a saving product system uses a savings mechanism with 5% for management funds. Meanwhile, in the non-saving product system with a no-savings mechanism, the amount and its management are not yet known, which will cause confusion for the community in the calculation. The cost of insurance method is one method that can be used to calculate tabarru funds. This method calculates tabarru funds by multiplying the percentage of tabarru funds by the cost of coverage. The percentage of tabarru funds is searched through the mortality table, management fee, and investment level. From the management fee of 25% and the investment rate of 5%, the percentage of tabarru funds using Makeham's mortality law is for men and for men. Meanwhile, Gompertz's law of mortality obtained for men and for women . ©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Test the effectiveness of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFInfectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus are a health problem in Indonesia. Antibiotics can be used as the treatment, but currently Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative medicine. One of the plants that has characteristics to be used as herbal medicine is Breadfruit leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration on breadfruit leaf juice which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This type of research is experimental. The study population was pure Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on NAS (Nutrient Agar Slant) media. The sample in this study was pure Staphylococcus aureus transferred from pure culture media (NAS), while the number of repetitions of the sample was 5 times the treatment, in this study were P1 (100%), P2 (75%), P3 (50%), P4 (25%), P5(0%). Data on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was obtained by indirect observation, namely through laboratory tests and data collection techniques using the ANOVA test with an error rate (0.05) and followed by the Tukkey HSD test through the SPSS16.0 program. Based on the results of the antibacterial test of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) in the ANOVA test, the probability number was 0.000 and there was an effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Followed by the Tukkey HSD test, it was obtained at a concentration of 25% which is the minimum inhibitory power, the effective concentration to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 75%. From the data above, it can be concluded that there is an effect of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant and organoleptic test of Soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) leaf tea in herbal tea production process
Get PDFSoursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn.) contain antioxidant compounds. Antioxidants are useful for protecting body cells from damage caused by free radicals. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and organoleptic activity of soursop leaf herbal tea (Annona muricata Linn.). The antioxidant activity test used the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyil-1-picrylhydrazyl), while the organoleptic test was performed using the scoring method. The results of the study stated that the highest taste value was obtained in the 150-minute drying time sample of 2.4 and the lowest value in the 60-minute drying time sample of 2.1. The highest color was obtained in the sample drying time of 60 minutes of 3.5, while the lowest value of the sample of drying time of 150 minutes was 1.8. The highest aroma value was obtained in the 60-minute drying time sample of 3.2 and the lowest aroma value in the 120-minute drying time sample of 2.2.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved