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Sex Effect on The Telomer Length, Elemental Composition, and Phytochemical Content of Highland Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) Leaves
No full textHighland papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) is a monoecious and dioecious plant with female and male organs. In Indonesia, three sexes of highland papaya exist with different telomere lengths, which protect chromosomes and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from damage. Therefore, the purposeful study aimed to determine the telomere length, elemental composition, and phytochemical content of highland papaya leaves belonging to their different sexes. The telomere length observed and studied in said leaves (female, male, and monoecious) used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis provided a more detailed material of leaves, while an energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) helped observe elemental composition. Phytochemical content analysis ran by histochemical analysis. The results showed that the telomere lengths of young female, male, and monoecious leaves differed at 381, 391, and 396.66, respectively. According to the SEM analysis, nonsignificant differences occurred in the leaf surface of the three sexes of highland papaya leaves. Observation with EDX showed that sodium (1.98%) surfaced in female plant leaves; however, sodium and chlorine did not show in male plants. Monoecious leaves had sodium and chlorine at 0.88% and 0.28%, respectively. The histochemical analysis provided an overview of the distribution of flavonoids and tannins in young leaves of highland papaya. A discovery also noted the existence of both compounds in the adaxial and abaxial epidermis, mesophyll, xylem, phloem, sheath parenchyma, secretory cavities, and trichomes. The study concluded that sex affects telomere length, elemental composition, and the phytochemical content of highland papaya leaves. The study suggests that knowing the highland papaya’s sex is vital in plant breeding and genetics and could help improve plant health and productivity
Probiotic potential of kombucha drink from butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) flower with the addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum Dad-13
No full textProbiotic products are considered functional foods because they benefit human health. Most probiotic products are usually based on dairy products, which limits their consumption by lactose-intolerant patients or vegan consumers. Kombucha, a tea-based fermented beverage using Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY), has been consumed for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activity. Meanwhile, others categorized kombucha as a probiotic drink. However, probiotics in kombucha were inconsistent because their presence in kombucha depends on the origin of kombucha. This study aimed to explore the diversity of the microorganisms in kombucha culture from Indonesia and to develop kombucha from floral butterfly pea flower tea by adding local probiotic L. plantarum Dad-13. Our result showed that Komagataeibacter and Zygosaccharomyces spp were the dominant microbiota in the local culture of kombucha. In this research, the concentration of probiotic cells added to kombucha fermentation affected the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics. The growth profiles of yeast and acetic acid bacteria were slightly changed in kombucha with probiotics than in those without probiotics. The more lactic acid bacteria added the more acetic acid bacteria were at the end of fermentation; however, the total yeast counts remained similar. The butterfly pea flower kombucha with the probiotics had a lower pH and higher titratable acidity than without the probiotics, indicating that L. plantarum Dad-13 may contribute to acid production. The panelists preferred kombucha with probiotics (106 CFU/mL) based on sourness, taste, and overall acceptability. The acetic acid production in kombucha with probiotics was lower than that in control without adding probiotics, whereas ethanol was not detected. Moreover, the physicochemical and microbiology of butterfly pea flower kombucha with probiotics were evaluated during storage for 28 days at 4 °C. The probiotic cells had a count of 6.26 log CFU/mL at the end of storage; thus, the butterfly pea flower kombucha is suitable for probiotic delivery
Seed Halopriming: A Promising Strategy to Induce Salt Tolerance in Indonesian Pigmented Rice
No full textUnfavorable environmental conditions and climate change impose stress on plants, causing yield losses worldwide. The Indonesian pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars Cempo Ireng Pendek (black rice) and Merah Kalimantan Selatan (red rice) are becoming popular functional foods due to their high anthocyanin contents and have great potential for widespread cultivation. However, their ability to grow on marginal, high-salinity lands is limited. In this study, we investigated whether seed halopriming enhances salt tolerance in the two pigmented rice cultivars. The non-pigmented cultivars IR64, a salt-stress-sensitive cultivar, and INPARI 35, a salt tolerant, were used as control. We pre-treated seeds with a halopriming solution before germination and then exposed the plants to a salt stress of 150 mM NaCl at 21 days after germination using a hydroponic system in a greenhouse. Halopriming was able to mitigate the negative effects of salinity on plant growth, including suppressing reactive oxygen species accumulation, increasing the membrane stability index (up to two-fold), and maintaining photosynthetic pigment contents. Halopriming had different effects on the accumulation of proline, in different rice varieties: the proline content increased in IR64 and Cempo Ireng Pendek but decreased in INPARI 35 and Merah Kalimantan Selatan. Halopriming also had disparate effects in the expression of stress-related genes: OsMYB91 expression was positively correlated with salt treatment, whereas OsWRKY42 and OsWRKY70 expression was negatively correlated with this treatment. These findings highlighted the potential benefits of halopriming in salt-affected agro-ecosystems. © 2023 by the authors
Effectiveness of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Byproduct of Black Soldier Fly Maggot to the Growth of Mustard Plant (Brassica juncea L.)
No full textThe need for consumption of mustard plant (Brassica juncea L.) has increased every year. One of the efforts to increase its production and quality by applications of inorganic and organic fertilizer. This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of mustard plants treated with liquid organic fertilizer, a byproduct of black soldier fly (BSF), and inorganic fertilizer (NPK). Mustard plants were grown at Karanggayam Research Station, Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta were treated with water as a control, NPK fertilizer, DoctoRS organic fertilizer at 0.05, organic fertilizer A, and B at 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25. The effects of treatments to the phenotypic and the chlorophyll of the mustards were done after 2 weeks of treatments. The results showed that there were significant different on the stem height, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, and wet weight. These were in line with the total chlorophyll. Liquid organic fertilizer content analysis showed that DoctoRS liquid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer A were the most in accordance with the national standards for organic fertilizers on the parameters of pH, Mg, Ca, and TPC. Copyright: © 2023, J. Tropical Biodiversity Biotechnology
Assessment of the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale-12 (GSES-12) in a sample of Indonesian high school students
No full textIn recent decades, self-efficacy has been one of the major subjects of interest in the field of psychology, with numerous studies published on the topic. This study aims to examine the psychometric features of the General Self-Efficacy Scale-12 (GSES-12), a widely used instrument for assessing general self-efficacy. The Indonesian adaptation of the GSES-12 was validated using item factor analysis (IFA). The study involved a total of 584 high school student participants (Mage = 16.02, SD-age = 1.39; boys = 266, girls = 318). The results obtained from the IFA indicate that the psychometric properties of the GSES-12 were satisfactory. The results exhibited a strong fit with the second-order IFA models and all items had statistically significant factor loadings. In addition, the results obtained from the multigroup IFA indicate that the configural invariance testing models exhibited a satisfactory level of goodness-of-fit (RMSEA 0.90). These findings suggest that there were no differences between the genders in the factor structure of the GSES-12. © The Author(s) 2023
The psychological aspects within the Yogyakartan Bedhaya: An exploratory study on royal court dancers
No full textAs a classical art form reserved only for the Yogyakartan royalty from the 18th to the 20th century, the Bedhaya does not simply serve as entertainment for its audiences. It is the epitome of Javanese meditation. This study aims to explore the experiences of court dancers regarding the Bedhaya to ultimately identify what psychological aspects are involved in the formation of their experiences. We used Moustakas� qualitative phenomenology as the basis of this whole research, in combination with movement elicitation procedures to condition the participants prior to the data collection process. Consequently, we interviewed four Bedhaya dancers from various generations who were trained within the royal court of Yogyakarta. We analyzed the results using Moustakas� modification of the Stevick�Colaizzi�Keen method. The results yielded five themes, which are the essence of the experiences of Bedhaya dancers and were then elaborated further using psychological concepts that may serve as a starting point for further psychological research on the subject. © The Author(s) 2022
Minimum SCR and Impact of PLL Gain on Flat Start Capability on a Point to Point VSC-HVDC Interconnection
No full textThis paper investigates the minimum grid strength requirements to the interconnection between two islands using HVDC, which are considered as weak or very weak networks, e.g., Sumba and Sumbawa islands in Indonesia. Renewable energy source power is transmitted from one island to the other one through an HVDC interconnector. However, the electricity network in the landing island is underdevelopment, with non-uniform 70 - 150 kV long transmission lines between generators and loads; therefore, its grid strength can be considered weak or very weak grid depending on transferred power. Simulations will consider different scenarios of power transfer through the HVDC link. The minimum AC-side grid strength in the form of short circuit rating (SCR) required to achieve a flat start for each scenario is investigated. It is found that minimum SCR is not constant, but rather follows a pattern of the minimum SCR increasing linearly when the amount of power transfer increases. It is also confirmed that the phase-locked loop (PLL) plays an influential role in the interconnection where a reduced proportional gain for the PLL can turn a marginally unstable into a marginally stable system
Degradation of Quality and Contaminants in Lubricants of Diesel Engine Fueled By B100 of Train Power Generator in Long-Term Operation
No full textThe use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace diesel has a positive impact on reducing environmental damage, but, on the other hand, has an impact on decreasing engine performance in the long-term operation, one of which is the degradation of lubricant quality. This degradation of lubricant quality can be characterized by a decrease in the value of kinematic viscosity and total base number (TBN) and the presence of contaminants in the lubricant. This study aims to determine the impact of using biodiesel B100 on the quality of lubricants on train power generator diesel engines. The diesel engine used in this research is water cooled type with an engine capacity of 16.4 liters. The engine is directly connected to an electric generator monitored by DeepSea and works at a constant speed of 1500 rpm for a total of 218 operation hours of research. The lubricant samples are taken in the range of 0 (fresh lubricant), 82, 164, and 218 hours. The average kinematic viscosity values at 40°C and 100°C during 218 hours of operation are equal to 85.26 cSt and 12.705 cSt, respectively. Moreover, the TBN values decrease throughout the operation time. The contaminant laboratory test results show an increase in iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) content accompanied by a decrease in magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) content with increasing operation time. Laboratory tests for other contaminants in the form of Na and Si also show an increase in an insignificant amount and tended to be constant during the experimental
Framework for e-Readiness Analysis of the Electronic Signatures Implementation in Local Government: A Case Study of Magelang City Government
No full textThe use of electronic signatures (e-sign) to replace manual signatures on government service documents plays an important role in supporting digital transformation in government. The Magelang City Government has collaborated with the Electronic Certification Agency to utilize e-sign in its egovernment services. However, the implementation of e-sign has not met the expected level due to the 28 agencies, only 4 agencies are implementing e-sign into their services. The absence of a framework as a guideline for the Magelang City government to measure readiness has hindered the identification of the low adoption issues of e-signatures. Research related to the implementation of e-sign by previous researchers has mostly analyzed e-sign acceptance from user perceptions and has not measured organizational readiness in implementing e-sign. Therefore, this study aims to develop a framework that can be used to analyze the e-readiness of e-signature implementation by modifying the STOPE (Strategy Technology Organization People Environment) framework and considering the applicable regulations in the local government. The framework will be tested to measure the readiness for e-signature implementation through the collection of questionnaire data. The results of the study show that the proposed framework can be used to analyze the e-readiness of e-sign implementation. Based on the ranking results, it is known that the Magelang City Government is ready to implement e-sign. However, there are still problems that hinder the implementation of e-sign related to e-leadership, future development plans, ICT support, ICT regulations, ICT awareness, ICT qualifications and jobs, and economy. © 2023 IEEE
Symbiotic Interactions in the Multi-ethnic Settlements in Semarang, Indonesia
No full textSymbiotic interactions in multi-ethnic settlements are the dominant aspect of the settlements in the city of Semarang, where there are interactions among the three ethnic communities: the Koja, the Javanese, and the Chinese. The issue in multi-ethnic settlements is to ensure the formation of a mutually-beneficial, good symbiosis of inter-ethnic interactions. This paper examines the nature of the symbiosis of the interactions among the multi ethnic communities in Semarang. It raises the question as to what activities are included in the symbiotic interactions and what are their current conditions? The research uses phenomenology, and looks closely at the phenomenon of symbiotic interactions in the city of Semarang. Data collection involved observations of the research object and in-depth interviews with the communities. The findings of the research show that the dominant symbiotic interactions are cultural, economic, and religious. The paper argues that it is the characteristic or uniqueness in multi-ethnic settlements, as divulged in the city of Semaran