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Growth, tuber yield, and starch content of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) accessions on different altitudes and tree shades
No full textArrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) is an herbaceous plant that is widely grown under the shade of trees and has the potential to be cultivated as a source of food, medicine, feed, fibers, biopolymers, and biopolymer composites industries. The purpose of the research was to identify the growth, tuber yield, and starch content of arrowroot accessions planted at different altitudes and tree shades in Garut District, West Java, Indonesia. A factorial design using a randomized block design with four blocks was used to analyze the field performance of 6 arrowroot accessions planted under different altitudes (low, medium, and high altitudes) and under different sengon (Falcataria moluccana) tree ages, i.e., 1-, 2- and 3-years. The result showed that the altitude, tree shade, and accession significantly affected the growth, tuber, and starch yield. The plant height, leaf area, number of tillers, plant biomass, and tuber yield tends to decrease with increasing altitude. The growth parameters showed a positive correlation with tuber biomass and starch content, indicating that the growth could be a good indicator for genotype selection. Cultivation of arrowroot in the lowland area under sengon tree stand of 3 years old provided the highest tuber biomass and starch yield. The best accession for starch yield in low and medium altitude areas is the Limbangan accession, but for the highland areas, the Cilawu accession had the highest starch yield
Functional characteristics of composite flour made from fermented cassava flour and soy protein concentrate containing porang glucomannan
No full textIn this study, the functional characteristics of composite flour from fermented cassava flour (FCF) and soy protein concentrate (SPC) containing porang glucomannan (PGM) were examined. The composite flour was made from FCF and SPC (9:1). PGM was added at 0, 4, 8, and 12 g in 100 g of composite flour. Wheat flour (WF) and FCF were also evaluated to study each ingredient's effect. The functional characteristic studied included solvent retention capacity (SRC), oil binding capacity (OBC), emulsion properties, foaming properties, and least gelation concentration. SPC or PGM increased the SRC for water, sodium carbonate, and lactic acid. Adding PGM to the composite flour increased the OBC value. However, SPC slightly decreased the emulsion activity, and PGM decreased the emulsion activity completely. FCF did not have emulsion stability at all, and the presence of SPC or PGM could not improve the emulsion stability. The foam capacity of composite flour containing PGM at the level of 4 and 8 g in 100 g flour did not significantly (p<0.05) differ from that of wheat flour. PGM was able to keep the foam stability of the composite flour. These composite flours might be used to produce cookies. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Factors Affecting Stunting among Toddlers: A Case Study in West Nusa Tenggara Province
No full textWest Nusa Tenggara Province is one of the regions in Indonesia with high stunting cases. Stunting is influenced by various factors. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting for toddlers 0-59 months in West Nusa Tenggara Province. Analysis of factors that influence stunting is seen from the average length of schooling, age of first marriage, poverty, health facilities, and sanitation in an area. Data collection was carried out through literature studies obtained from publications and websites of West Nusa Tenggara government agencies. Data analysis is performed with a simple linear regression test using the SPSS application. The results show that factors such as education level and poverty had a significant effect on stunting cases. Meanwhile, factors such as the age of first marriage, health facilities and access to proper sanitation are not risk factors for the high number of stunting in West Nusa Tenggara Province. These show that in West Nusa Tenggara Province there is a need for increased education, increased community communication, in addition, increased enforcement of rules regarding early marriage and policies that support public health, especially improving nutrition and the environment, need to be carried out. © 2023 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved
Willingness to Pay Household-based PDAM Clean Water Service in Purwosuman Village Sidoharjo District Sragen Regency
No full textPurwosuman Village is one of the villages in Sidoharjo District, which has several textile industries. The textile industry's existence provides various impacts on the environment, one of which is a decrease in water quality and quantity. Problems related to water resources trigger high costs to obtain water. This study examines the Willingness To Pay of the PDAM's desired clean water service by households and the factors influencing the value of Willingness To Pay. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. Data analysis used the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) approach to determine the value of Willingness To Pay. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the factors that affect Willingness To Pay. This research shows that the average value of Willingness To Pay PDAM clean water tariff is IDR3.656,00/10m3; this value is more significant than the PDAM clean water rate in Sragen Regency IDR3.400,00/10m3. The total value of Willingness To Pay is IDR292.480,00. Factors that affect Willingness To Pay are income, education, and distance to water sources, while the number of family members does not affect Willingness To Pay (WTP). © 2023 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved
Ecological risk and source identifications of heavy metals contamination in the water and surface sediments from anthropogenic impacts of urban river, Indonesia
No full textHeavy metal pollution in urban rivers corresponds to anthropogenic impacts. Considering the environmental importance of the Winongo River for domestic use, agriculture, and fisheries, a comprehensive study of heavy metal contamination in this river needs to be conducted. This research focused on the assessment of heavy metal in the water and sediment using the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Ecological Risk Index (Er), and Potential ecological risk index (RI). Results showed that the concentrations of the heavy metals Pb, Cu, Cd, Al, and Fe in the water samples exceeded thresholds. Based on EF, Igeo, and Er assessment, the level of contamination by the heavy metals Pb, Cu, Cr, and Cd was found to be low, and that by Fe and Al was found to be moderate to high. The mean values of heavy metals in sediment in the descending order are as follows Fe > Al > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd (1,445, 2692.42, 0.17, 0.048, 0.016, 0 mg/kg) respectively. Meanwhile, the mean values of heavy metals in the water in descending were Al (1.208), Fe (0.857), Pb (0.155), Cu (0.018), Cr (0.009), and Cd (0 mg/L) respectively. The sources pollution of Cu, Cd, and Pb were identified as anthropogenic sources such as city effluent, road, fisheries, and mechanic workshops. Fe and Al from sediment exhibit strong correlation (r = 0.688). This suggests that Fe and Al possibly comes from same sources originating from earth materials. In general, the potential risk assessment showed that in the Winongo River, the midstream area had higher pollution levels than the downstream and upstream areas (pollution in midstream > downstream > upstream). The sources of pollution in the midstream were identified as city effluent, roads, fisheries, and mechanic workshops. For this reason, the findings of this research are expected to provide a scientific basis for pollution control. © 202
Leaders' Sensemaking in Communicating Organizational Change
No full textOrganizational change management is highly dependent on leaders. However, more research is needed on how leaders react and interact with employees throughout organizational change, especially in the public sector. Current research commonly employs generalized beliefs, such as leadership behaviors, which frequently contradict each other, to explain leadership communication during the organizational transition. Therefore, this study aims to explore how leadership communication was conducted in organizational transformation. This research used qualitative, interpretive, and case study approaches to examine how two public organizations prepared for and integrated into a brand-new government agency. The sensemaking viewpoint was utilized to investigate leadership communication in managing organizational change. Twenty-seven participants from various organizational levels were interviewed to obtain a holistic picture of leadership communication. This article contributes to our understanding of leadership communication by illustrating how leaders integrate bracketed information from various relevant sources, select statements, and reconstruct change mindsets through communication to navigate the management change discourse within an organization. Additionally, communication by leaders implies the existence of environmental data intended for use in the development of growth-promoting policies. This study has a dichotomy between change-orientated communication and resistance to change leadership communication. This polarization suggests that a shift in the policy's professional emphasis on growth, eliminating existing tension, and constructing new institutions will be necessary. Communication among leaders is based on different organizational-level methods to gather and interpret information, which considers the organization's structure and work culture. © 2023 The authors
Pengaruh Leaching Asam dan Basa pada Pemungutan Logam Tanah Jarang dari Abu Layang Batubara Indonesia
No full textLogam Tanah Jarang (LTJ) merupakan kelompok dari tujuh belas unsur kimia dalam tabel periodik, yang memiliki banyak aplikasi dalam kehidupan modern. Munculnya kekhawatiran terhadap ketersediaan cadangan LTJ menyebabkan peningkatan eksplorasi global gencar dilakukan untuk mendapatkan sumber LTJ yang ekonomis. Penelitian ini akan membandingkan proses pemungutan LTJ dari abu layang batubara Indonesia dengan metode leaching basa dan asam.
Proses pemungutan LTJ dari abu layang melalui leaching basa meliputi beberapa tahapan. Tahap pertama yaitu destruksi fase aluminosilicate glass yang terdapat pada abu layang dan tahap kedua yaitu pemungutan LTJ dari desilicated residue dengan proses leaching asam. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah suhu reaksi dan konsentrasi larutan basa. Proses pemungutan LTJ dari abu layang juga dapat dilakukan melalui leaching asam saja pada konsentrasi dan suhu tertentu. Analisis kadar LTJ, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, dan Mg dilakukan menggunakan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) untuk mengevaluasi efisiensi proses leaching basa dalam melarutkan aluminosilicate glass dan kemampuan leaching asam untuk memungut LTJ.
Kondisi optimum untuk proses digesti basa adalah pada konsentrasi NaOH 9,5 M, suhu reaksi 75 °C, rasio L/S 10 mL/g, kecepatan pengadukan 400 rpm, dan waktu reaksi selama 90 menit. Proses digesti basa pada kondisi optimal dapat melarutkan aluminosilicate glass hingga 72% dan memperkaya kadar LTJ pada desilicated residue sebesar 1,73. Efisiensi LTJ dengan umpan desilicated residue melalui leaching asam HCl mencapai 87,914%. Namun, apabila dibandingkan dengan proses leaching asam saja, nilai efisiensi yang didapatkan lebih baik yaitu mencapai 90,513 %
METODE PENGUKURAN I-131 DITIROID DENGAN SURVEI METER KONTAMINASI
No full textTelah dilakukan penelitian pengukuran paparan I-131 pada tiroid dengan menggunakan 5 jenis survei meter. Pada pengukuran ini jenis survei meter yang digunaan yaitu Survei Mater Ranger-Inspector USB, Survei Meter Ludlum 192, Survei Meter Atomtex 1103 M, dan Survei Meter Rad Eye B20-ER. Pengukuran ini dilakukan secara langsung dengan menggunakan fantom tiroid yang telah diisi oleh I-131 dengan aktivitas yang divariasi sebanyak 5 aktivits. Terdapat dua jenis fantom yang mempresentasikan tiroid pria dan wanita untuk setiap variasi aktivitas. Selain pengukuran paparan, dilakukan pula optimasi jarak pengukuran dengan melakukan variasi jarak pengukuran sebanyak 3 variasi jarak. Berdasarkan perbandingan hasil pengukuran paparan I-131, didapatkan dua buah jenis survei meter yang paling baik apabila digunakan secara langsung di lapangan untuk mengukur paparan radiasi pada tiroid pekerja radiasi di instalasi kedokteran nuklir. Jenis survei meter tersebut adalah Survei Meter Ludlum dan Survei Meter Rad Eye B20-ER. Berdasarkan optimasi jarak yang telah dilakukan pula, dihasilkan bacaan survei meter yang semakin kecil seiring dengan bertambahnya jarak pengukuran
DOSIMETRI BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY (BNCT) PADA KANKER PANKREAS MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM PHITS
No full textPada tahun 2020 jumlah penderita kanker dunia tercatat sebanyak 19.292.789 kasus. Hal tersebut mendorong berkembangnya metode pengobatan kanker yang efektif. Salah satunya adalah Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Metode ini memungkinkan penghancuran sel kanker secara selektif sehingga sel sehat di sekitar selamat dari paparan yang berlebihan dibandingkan dengan radioterapi konvensional yang biasa digunakan. BNCT dapat diterapkan dalam mengobati berbagai jenis kanker satunya kanker pankreas. Tahap uji pra-klinis BNCT adalah simulasi dosimetri. Tujuannya untuk menentukan waktu terapi yang efektif dengan memperhatikan dosis ekuivalen yang diterima OAR.
Simulasi ini menggunakan program PHITS 3.30 yang memiliki keakuratan perhitungan distribusi dosis terhadap kedalaman di bandingkan MCNP6 dan Geant4. Penelitian menggunakan fantom ORNL dan siklotron 30 MeV sebagai sumber neutron dengan optimasi BSA dari referensi yang sudah ada. Variasi arah iradiasi yang digunakan adalah LLAT dan AP. Sedangkan variasi konsentrasi boron sebesar 70, 90, 110, 130, dan 150 μg/g kanker.
Hasil Penelitian: waktu terapi efektif adalah 23 menit 2 detik ± 2 menit 32 detik. Waktu terapi tersebut dicapai pada variasi konsentrasi 150 μg/g dengan arah penyinaran LLAT. Dosis ekuivalen yang diterima OAR pada variasi tersebut telah memenuhi standar keselamatan toleransi dosis
Variasi Fraksi Bakar untuk Mengetahui Pengaruhnya terhadap Koefisien Suhu Bahan Bakar dan Moderator di RSG-GAS Menggunakan Program Simulasi SRAC
No full textLaporan kerja praktik dengan bidang tema neutronika reaktor nuklir dilaksanakan di Pusat Riset Teknologi Reaktor Nuklir (PRTRN) Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi (KST) BJ Habibie, Serpong, Tangerang Selatan. Kerja praktik dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari fraksi bakar terhadap perubahan nilai koefisien reaktivitas temperatur bahan bakar dan moderator yang ada di RSG-GAS. Simulasi dari kegiatan tersebut dijalankan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SRAC. Simulasi dijalankan dengan melakukan 18 variasi fraksi bakar dan di setiap fraksi bakar akan ditentukan nilai dari koefisien reaktivitas temperatur bahan bakar (DTC) dan moderator (MTC). DTC dihitung untuk setiap kenaikan suhu bahan bakar sebesar 5°C dengan interval suhu 25° hingga 100°C, sedangkan MTC dihitung untuk setiap kenaikan suhu moderator sebesar 5°C dengan interval suhu 25° hingga 80°C dan suhu bahan bakar dibuat tetap sebesar 100°C. Nilai DTC pada RSG-GAS memiliki rentang antara -2,1 hingga -3,3 pcm/K dan nilai MTC berada diantara rentang -1,07 hingga -7,12 pcm/K. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pengolahan data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi Bakar akan menyebabkan penurunan nilai Koefisien reaktivitas Suhu Bahan Bakar dan Moderator, dengan penurunan nilai Koefisien reaktivitas Suhu Moderator di RSG-GAS lebih cepat daripada Koefisien reaktivitas Suhu Bahan Bakar