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ТЕОРИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРНЫХ ФОРМ: ОТ ПРОСТРАНСТВА К СОБЫТИЮ. УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ
Get PDFThis guideline (Theory of Architectural Forms: From Space to Event) aims at anyone who take part of cultural, philosophical and other humanity studies. The aid helps to develop personal skills to analyze the architectural forms elements. It introduces texts, basic concepts and terms, patterns and problems characterizing the main subject areas ofthis discipline, which are crucial to understanding actual methods of studying architecture.It should also be useful for show the relationship between architectural forms and philosophy, artistic processes, social and cultural phenomena. The author sets as his goal to demonstrate how the architectural forms have changed from the spatial to the event dimension.Учебно-методические материалы предназначены для студентов культурологических, философских и других гуманитарных специальностей. Материалы помогут развивать навыки самостоятельного анализа элементов архитектурных форм; знакомят с ключевыми для понимания современных методов изучения архитектуры текстами, основными понятиями и терминами, закономерностями и проблемами, характеризующими основные предметные области данной дисциплины. Содержание дисциплины показывает взаимосвязь архитектурных форм с философией, художественными процессами, социальными и культурными явлениями. Автор ставит своей целью показать, как архитектурные формы изменялись от пространственного к событийному измерению
THE IDEOLOGIZATION OF THE MILLENNIAL DREAM IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Get PDFThis work connects two explanations of the notion of millennial dream: one based on Paul Smith’s thoughts in Millennial Dreams – Contemporary Culture and Capital in the North from 1997 which are placed in juxtaposition with the views of Gregg Hemmings offered in his documentary film The Millennial Dream from 2016. The argument states that American self-definition has undergone a notable change at the contemporary level of globalization and the notion of local has gained on importance and transformed into a political catchword. Politicizing of culture has long been reflected in the documentary film genre and the present analysis aims at demonstrating how political indoctrination reshapes documentary films. Global challenges before and after the turn of the century placed the USA in a novel position in which the pressure of strengthening global compe-tition in a seemingly unilateral world has mixed with conflicting ideologies which have been competing for the right to (re-)define postmillennial Americanness.A second objective is to demonstrate that cultural discourse has shifted towards a more left-wing-type interpretation of American identity as laissez-faire capitalism have been struggling with providing comparable life-chances for the Y and Z generations of Ameri-cans with the consequence that these cohorts have serious problems in maintaining life standards comparable with the standard of living of their parents and grandparents. The argument states that the transformation of the American dream into a Millennial dream is one effort to maintain continuity of American cultural evolution. Recent political conflict, the result of which is a greatly divided America writhing between antithetical interpreta-tions of reality, is just one symptom of redefining Americanness for and by the millenni-als
ФАУСТ И ПРАЖСКИЙ ГОЛЕМ КАК ТРАНСНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ «МЕСТА ПАМЯТИ» ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ
Get PDFThis article examines the archetypal images of Faust and Golem as transnational "memory places" of Central Europe. After the allocation of archetyp-al/mythical/legendary images as special subcategory of "memory places” is briefly justi-fied, further the detailed analysis of its specificity and commemorative potential as "memory places” is given. In addition to the already established research practice of re-ferring to the figure of Faust as to the common European “memory places”, this article tries to justify that the archetypal image of the Prague Golem can also be considered in a similar way in relation to Central Europe.В данной статье рассматриваются архетипические образы Фауста и Голема в каче-стве транснациональных «мест памяти» Центральной Европы. Вкратце обосновано вычленение такой субкатегории «мест памяти» как архетипиче-ские/мифические/легендарные образы, далее подробно анализируется специфика и коммеморативный потенциал архетипических мест памяти. Помимо уже устоявше-гося в исследовательской практике отнесения фигуры Фауста к общеевропейским «местам памяти», данное исследование обосновывать аналогичным образом рас-сматривать также архетипический образ Пражского Голема в отнесении к Цен-тральной Европе
ИСКУССТВО ПОСЛЕ ИСКУССТВА ИЛИ О ПОИСКЕ КОНЦЕПТА В ИСКУССТВЕ
Get PDFWhat contemporary art is talking about and what niche it is trying to occupy in the commercialized world - this is the following fragmentary reasoning, in parallel peering into artistic and philosophical texts. The experience of conceptual art was chosen as the leading motive.О чем говорит современное искусство и какую нишу оно пытается занять в коммерциализированном мире, – об этом следующие обрывочные рассуждения, в параллельном всматривании в художественные и философские тексты. В качестве ведущего мотива избран опыт концептуального искусства.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ФЕНОМЕНА ПЛЮРАЛИЗМА
Get PDFIn the article the interpretation of the theory of plurality is considered as a positive phenomenon. The article indicates, that phenomenon of pluralism appears in all areas of culture and plurality farms the basis of human existence. The concept of plurality of the German contemporary philosopher Wolfgang Welsch is presented. The analysis is based on the research of forming this concept in previous philosophical thought and the relevance for its justification for modern realities. The German philosopher interprets the concept of plurality in the context of postmodern situation. The article supports, that pluralism claims radical plurality at all levels of human existence, for the concept of plurality, proclaimed by different authors, becomes the cognitive strategy, which allows to record the multiplicity of the heterogeneous. The study is implemented with the involvement of the sources not translated into the Russian language.В статье представлена интерпретация феномена множественности как позитивного явления. Отмечается, что феномен плюрализма проявляется во всех сферах культуры, что множественность лежит в основе человеческого бытия. Особо рассматривается концепт плюральности в трактовке современного немецкого философа В.Вельша. Анализ формирования данного концепта осуществлен в русле предшествующей философской мысли, обоснована его значимость для современных реалий. Концепт плюральности немецкий автор трактует в контексте постмодернистской ситуации. Делается вывод, что плюрализм утверждает радикальную множественность на всех уровнях человеческого бытия, становится познавательной стратегией, позволяющей фиксировать множественность гетерогенного. Рассмотрение осуществляется с привлечением источников, не переведенных на русский язык
Открытие человека в эпоху Возрождения (о телесной красоте женщины)
Get PDFThe interest in the issue of human identity, the identification of person among others and the recognition of the merits of the individual are the main issues of the era. This paper attempts to understand the Italian Renaissance as a way of worldview inextricably linked to the everyday urban life of Italian citizens and its features in the middle of the XVI century. The notion of personality remains blurred: attempts to separate one person to another are reduced to highlighting the unique properties of his soul, body traits and external position (social status). Examination of the image of female beauty and its analysis on the example of two works: the treatise of Agnolo Firenzola “On the Beauty of Women” (1542) and the dialog of Federico Luigini “The book of fair woman” (1554) occupy the central place of the present paper.Интерес к вопросу человеческой индивидуальности, выделение «Я» среди прочих и признание достоинств индивида — ключевые вопросы эпохи. В данной работе предпринимается попытка понять итальянское Возрождение как способ мировидения, неразрывно связанный с повседневной городской жизнью итальянцев и ее особенностями в середине XVI века. Понятие «личности» остается размытым: попытки отделить одного человека от другого сводятся к выделению уникальных свойств его души, черт тела и внешнего положения (социального статуса). Рассмотрение образа женской красоты и его анализ на примере двух произведений — трактата Аньолы Фиренцуолы «О красотах женщин» (1542) и диалога Федерико Луиджини «Книга о прекрасной женщине» (1554) — занимают центральное место настоящей работы
INDIVIDUAL DISCURSIVE MEMORY PRACTICES: EXPERIENCE OF A FAMILY HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Get PDFThe article offers some results of the authors’ search for answers to questions about the causes and consequences of what happened at the family and everyday level against the background of large-scale events in the period spanning a century and a half of the Russian history. Detailed research in a complex interdisciplinary field, covering such auxiliary scientific disciplines as genealogy, biography, prosopography, narrative and discourse analysis, etc., includes work with a family photo archive. Along with a detailed study of the biographies of representatives of previous generations, travels took place in memory of five of them. One of the main sources for determining the direction and organizing the route, visiting certain objects on the spot is the family photo archive. There is a brief review about the travels of one of the authors over the past ten years, associated with the memory of ancestors. The travel to Kamchatka in September 2021 was the fifth in a row dedicated to the memory of the ancestor of the authors on the maternal side Porfiry Alexandrovich Mordovin (03.11.1852–after 1918), an officer of the Russian Imperial Navy, who had gone through twenty six-months campaigns, a participant in the Battle of Tsushima, who went missing in March 1918. The official record of accomplishment indicates that Porfiry Aleksandrovich from 19.05.1880 to 22.05.1883 and from 01.09.1891 to 01.11.1898 was on the clipper “Zabiyaka” on a foreign voyage. Photos in the album refer to the second period of his stay in the Far East. The complete archive of P. A. Mordovin, including these expeditions, was lost or deliberately destroyed in Soviet times, several buttons from his uniform, a dagger and a photo album have survived, 97 photos of 250 belong to the Pacific region, and 50 photos contain signatures indicating Petropavlovsk (now the capital of the region Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky) and the surrounding area. The preliminary result of the research is the introduction into scientific circulation of 30 out of 97 photographs of 1892–1894 from the album of Porfiry Alexandrovich Mordovin, relating to the Far East region. Photographs of persons, their places of residence at one stage or another of their biography are the way that authors use as an “observation tool” when preparing for a travel, during it and during the subsequent description. Additional research will require the issues of memory mapping and memory distortions about representatives of the genus and their activities in distant erasThe article offers some results of the authors’ search for answers to questions about the causes and consequences of what happened at the family and everyday level against the background of large-scale events in the period spanning a century and a half of the Russian history. Detailed research in a complex interdisciplinary field, covering such auxiliary scientific disciplines as genealogy, biography, prosopography, narrative and discourse analysis, etc., includes work with a family photo archive. Along with a detailed study of the biographies of representatives of previous generations, travels took place in memory of five of them. One of the main sources for determining the direction and organizing the route, visiting certain objects on the spot is the family photo archive. There is a brief review about the travels of one of the authors over the past ten years, associated with the memory of ancestors. The travel to Kamchatka in September 2021 was the fifth in a row dedicated to the memory of the ancestor of the authors on the maternal side Porfiry Alexandrovich Mordovin (03.11.1852–after 1918), an officer of the Russian Imperial Navy, who had gone through twenty six-months campaigns, a participant in the Battle of Tsushima, who went missing in March 1918. The official record of accomplishment indicates that Porfiry Aleksandrovich from 19.05.1880 to 22.05.1883 and from 01.09.1891 to 01.11.1898 was on the clipper “Zabiyaka” on a foreign voyage. Photos in the album refer to the second period of his stay in the Far East. The complete archive of P. A. Mordovin, including these expeditions, was lost or deliberately destroyed in Soviet times, several buttons from his uniform, a dagger and a photo album have survived, 97 photos of 250 belong to the Pacific region, and 50 photos contain signatures indicating Petropavlovsk (now the capital of the region Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky) and the surrounding area. The preliminary result of the research is the introduction into scientific circulation of 30 out of 97 photographs of 1892–1894 from the album of Porfiry Alexandrovich Mordovin, relating to the Far East region. Photographs of persons, their places of residence at one stage or another of their biography are the way that authors use as an “observation tool” when preparing for a travel, during it and during the subsequent description. Additional research will require the issues of memory mapping and memory distortions about representatives of the genus and their activities in distant era
АНАЛИЗ ОПИСАНИЙ ДОСТОПРИМЕЧАТЕЛЬНОСТЕЙ ГОРОДА ВЛАДИМИРА КАК СПОСОБ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ПУТЕВОДИТЕЛЕЙ ПО ГОРОДУ ВЛАДИМИРУ КОНЦА XIX – НАЧАЛА XXI ВЕКОВ)
Get PDFThe aim of the article is to study the local history material of guidebooks around Vladimir from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century using the methodology and conceptual apparatus of N. Luhmann, a recognized classic of modern sociology. As a methodological prerequisite for the study, the principle of A. Korzybski is taken that ‘a map is not a territory’, according to which any description of reality is only a certain focus of observation (an observer form), regulated by its own internal criteria. After analyzing the use of the word «guide» in the Russian language on the basis of the resource «National Corpus of the Russian Language», the change in the semantics of the term from the meaning of a spiritual teacher and guide (18th century) to the designation of a printed publication from the end of the 19th century is revealed. Studying the descriptions of material cultural monuments presented in the guidebooks, it seems possible to consider the dynamics of the change in semantic accents characteristic of a certain period: the image of the city as the first «grand-ducal capital» rich in Orthodox shrines (late 19th century), the focus of commercial and industrial life in the Rus’ (the period of the establishment of Soviet power in the post-revolutionary period), one of the oldest cities, « witness and participant » of the intense centuries-old struggle of the Russian people in the creation of their centralized state (post-war period), the country's unique cultural heritage («stone chronicle» of the glorious past), associated with civic awareness of the concept of «homeland» in the context of the Golden Ring route (1970-80s), one of the largest tourist centers popular in Russia and among foreign tourists, a city of Orthodox pilgrimage, etc. in the modern period.Целью исследования является изучение краеведческого материала путеводителей («руководителей») по городу Владимиру с конца XIX до начала XXI века с помощью методологии и понятийного аппарата Н.Лумана, признанного классика современной социологии. В качестве методологической предпосылки исследования берется принцип А.Коржибского, что «карта — это не территория», согласно которому любое описание действительности является лишь определенным фокусом наблюдения (формой-наблюдателем), регулируемым собственными внутренними критериями. Проанализировав на основе ресурса «Национальный корпус русского языка» использование в русском языке слова «путеводитель», выявляется изменение семантики термина от значения духовного учителя и проводника (XVIII век) до обозначения печатного издания с конца XIX в. Изучая описания материальных культурных памятников, представленные в путеводителях, представляется возможным рассмотреть динамику изменения семантических акцентов, характерных для определенного периода: образ города как первой «великокняжеской столицы», богатой православными святынями (конец XIX века), «средоточие» торгово-промышленной жизни Северо-Восточной Руси (период утверждения советской власти в послереволюционный период), один из старейших городов, «свидетель и участник» напряженной многовековой борьбы русского народа в создании своего централизованного государства (послевоенный период), уникальное культурное наследие страны («каменная летопись» славного прошлого), связанное с гражданским осознанием понятия «родина» в контексте маршрута «Золотое кольцо» (1970-80-е годы), один из крупнейших туристических центров, популярных в России и среди иностранных туристов, город православного паломничества и др. в современный период
REVISITING ROBERT FRANK AND THE STATUS OF DOCUMENTARY PHOTOGRAPHY IN THE 21-ST CENTURY
Get PDFOne of the most outstanding visual observers of the 20th-century, Robert Frank, who died in 2019, left behind a spectacular body of photography documenting what he and critics called ‘real’ American lives. When his most influential work, ‘The Americans’, was first published in 1959, critics did not immediately recognize Frank's genius. Nevertheless, his style that celebrated ordinary Americana strongly characterized by the Beats’ spirit even-tually became one of the most celebrated photographic books of the 20th century. Having taken pictures of the low, the white, the suburban, the African-American, "scenes that have never been seen before on film" (Jack Kerouac, 1958), Frank changed how docu-mentary photography represented society and its people. This paper revisits Robert Frank's work observing his legacy in the 21stcentury and the impact his different yet au-thentic approach to photography has had on contemporary American photography, focus-ing on the course documentary photography has taken as a result of advanced technology and accelerated distribution of information. The study discusses contemporary influences that alter the way documentary photography is produced, distributed, stored, shared and observed, as crucial determinants of photography's status and function to represent reali-ties of 21st century America
Шопенгауэр в итальянских современных философских дебатах: анализ шопенгауэровского востоковедения Джованни Гуризатти
Get PDFIn this article we will present one of the numerous and diverse modern Italian philosophical studies on Schopenhauer’s philosophy — an analysis of Schopenhauer’s Oriental studies by the modern Italian philosopher Giovanni Gurisatti. To achieve this goal and for a deep understanding of the specificity of Gurizatti’s approach, we must briefly describe the history of the Italian reception of Schopenhauer’s philosophy. We will first of all pay our attention to Giacomo Leopardi, Francesco De Sanctis and Icilio Vecchiotti. The work of Schopenhauer referred to by G. Gurisatti is a set of recordings from different periods devoted to the East, collected and translated by him into Italian and published under the title “Il mio Oriente” in 2007 (Adelphi). Gurisatti develops a theoretically grounded and objective analysis of those Schopenhauer doctrines concerning the East, which have rarely been seriously accepted and studied in the history of the reception of Schopenhauer’s philosophy.В этой статье мы хотели бы представить одно из многочисленных и разнообразных современных итальянских философских исследований о философии Шопенгауэра — анализ шопенгауэровского востоковедения современным итальянским философом Джованни Гуризатти. Для достижения этой цели и для глубокого понимания специфичности подхода Гуризатти мы обязаны коротко описать историю итальянской рецепции шопенгауэровской философии. Прежде всего мы обратились к произведениям Джакомо Леопарди, Франческо Де Санктису и Ичилио Веккиотти. Текст Шопенгауэра, на который ссылается Дж. Гуризатти, — это набор записей разных периодов, посвящённых Востоку, собранных и переведённых им на итальянский язык и опубликованных под названием «Il mio Oriente» в 2007 (Adelphi). Гуризатти разрабатывает теоретически обоснованный и объективный анализ тех шопенгауэровских доктрин, касающихся Востока, которые редко в истории рецепции шопенгауэровской философии были серьезно приняты и изучены