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Laser-wound stimulated adventitious root formation of Rosa canina cuttings involves a complex response at plant hormonal and metabolic level
No full textThe presence of wounds in addition to the excision-induced wounds after severance from the stock plants is known to positively influence adventitious root formation of woody plant cuttings. Previous morphological studies highlighted laser wounding as a technique allowing to precisely control the decisive ablation depth. However, the biochemical processes involved in the response of rooting to the additional wounding remained unexplored.MethodsThe present study analyzed changes in the plant hormone and carbohydrate profiles in response to laser treatments of rose leafy single-node stem cuttings (Rosa canina ‘Pfänder’). Concentrations of four groups of plant hormones and of carbohydrates were monitored in three different stem sections of the cutting base during the first eight days after excision of cuttings. In addition, histology was employed to investigate anatomical changes at the basal wound and the laser wounds at the start and the end of the experiment after 40 days.ResultsLaser ablation caused an increase of vascular tissue dimension directly in the laser wound, and increased the quantity and quality of rooting compared to control cuttings. A clear early local rise of jasmonic acid (JA) was detected directly in wounded areas after laser marking, as well as an increase in abscisic acid (ABA) that persisted for the subsequent days. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels were relatively high on day zero, but decreased thereafter. Interestingly, higher IAA levels were maintained in the stem section below the axillary bud compared with the opposite section. Laser-treated cuttings presented a clear increase in contents of IAA-amino acid conjugates (IAAGlu and IAAsp) and the oxidation product OxIAA. Differences in concentration of these IAA metabolites were related to the position of the laser wound relative to the axillary bud and leaf. Additionally, laser treatments caused gradually increased levels of the cytokinin N6-isopentenyladenine (iP) in laser-treated zones, and of zeatin riboside specifically when the laser wound was placed on the leaf-bud side. Additional laser wounding reduced starch and sucrose levels in all wounded sections at the end of the evaluation period, independently of the wounding location.DiscussionThe results of this study indicate that presence of additional injured tissue triggers a complex biochemical adjustment at the base of the cutting responsible of inducing vascular tissue growth and capable of generating a positive response to adventitious root formation
Instagram as a Social Media Sales Channel : Acceptance and Perception of Social Commerce Functions on Instagram
No full textSince the use of social media to make purchases is novel, its acceptance and the associated perceptions are of interest. The present study investigates customer acceptance of social commerce on Instagram. The research model is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and additional factors that previous research has ascertained to be essential in social commerce contexts. Based on a review of relevant literature, a questionnaire is developed and used in an online survey. Structural equation modelling is applied to analyse the responses of 246 participants. The empirical findings indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and trust have significant positive influences on the intention to engage in social commerce, which in turn impacts actual use behaviour. No evidence is found to support the proposed impacts of facilitating conditions and enjoyment expectancy in this context. Practical implications for sellers and Instagram are derived
Wound geometry and vascular tissue differentiation: a key factor in promoting adventitious rooting in rose cuttings
No full textIn this study was analyzed the effect of the wound geometry on the development of vascular tissue during the propagation phase of rose cuttings of Rosa canina 'Pfänder' in aeroponic conditions. Three laser patterns based on strips were marked on the base of the cutting keeping a constant tissue penetration: a wide single strip (10mm long and 1mm wide), a thin single strip (10mm long and 0.5mm wide) and two thin strips (10mm long and 0.5mm width each). The evaluation of stem sections showed how the development of phloem and xylem was significantly influenced by the pattern geometry. Interestingly, an accelerated xylogenesis during the first days of culture was a common characteristic directly at wounded regions. Through tissue quantification it was determined that a higher presence of xylem was associated with a wider wounded area, while an increase in phloem and less xylem was related to a reduction of area and an increase of wounded borders. The maximum rooting rate in wounded cuttings reached 49% from the pattern with two thin strips compared to the 10% for the control
A Kinematic Motion Analysis Protocol Supporting the Clinical Assessment of Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Drummers : Developement and Clinical Feasibility (Poster)
No full textRationale: Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) represent a significant health problem for drummers. The prevalence of occurring symptoms is highest in the upper extremity, followed by complaints in the lower back and lower extremity. In research, the kinematics during drumming were only considered in the upper extremity using 3D motion analysis. Questions were mainly limited to motor and performance-related aspects. Only a few studies investigated 3D kinematics regarding possible developmental mechanisms of PRMDs. Hence, a notable gap exists in the availability of motion analysis protocols for evaluating PRMDs in drummers within clinical contexts like physical therapy.
Purpose: To present the development and evaluation of a motion analysis protocol to assess the functional movements of the upper and lower body as well as the spine under drum set specific conditions during instrument playing in a clinical environment. The protocol aims to support the physiotherapeutic assessment process of PRMDs in drummers.
Methods: The methodological implementation was carried out by linking an optoelectrical measurement system for the upper body and an inertial measurement system for the lower body. Required calibration and movement tasks for functional assessment were specified. The protocol was tested on eight drummers and the data was analysed with regard to clinical applicability.
Results: Most rotation angles showed reasonable intersubject variability except for cervical spine, elbow and hip joints. Reproducible angle patterns were predominantly seen in the upper extremity, thoracic and lumbar spine and the right lower extremity.
Conclusion: The results suggest that objective parameters can be assessed and functional movements can be quantified during drumming. The evaluation indicates that not all measured 3D kinematics produce reliable angle-time histories for clinical analysis. The developed protocol can support the physiotherapeutic assessment process along with pre-and-post-intervention outcome evaluation as well as research on the biomechanical origins of PRMDs in drummers
Hohlstrunkigkeit von Brokkoli in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe und zeitlichen Verteilung des Stickstoffangebots im Boden (Abstract)
No full textQualitätsmanagement in der Lebensmittelindustrie : Handbuch
No full textDieses Fachbuch ist das Standardwerk für ein professionelles Qualitätsmanagement. Es beschreibt in kompakter und praxisnaher Form, wie Sie ein umfassendes QM in Ihrem Unternehmen aufbauen und optimieren. Sie werden damit mehr Produktsicherheit erreichen und Ihre Mitarbeiter dazu motivieren die Lebensmittelsicherheitskultur zu leben.
Neben der Beschreibung klassischer Managementsystemen gibt es auch Anregungen zu alternativen Systemen und Einblicke in die Arbeit ausgewählter anderer Länder
Eine sichere Herstellung von Lebensmitteln in der Wertschöpfungskette der Ernährungswirtschaft– Lebensmittelmittelsicherheit, Arbeitssicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit
No full textDie Anforderungen an Unternehmen in Bezug auf Qualitätsmanagement, Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement sowie Arbeitssicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz sind hoch und immer weiter ansteigend. Gesetzliche Anforderungen, Anforderungen durch Managementsysteme, Anforderungen von Kunden und Anforderungen an Lieferanten stellen Unternehmen dabei vor sehr große Herausforderungen. Die integrierte Durchführung dieser unterschiedlichen Anforderungen sollte Ziel in Unternehmen sein um einen effizienten und erfolgreichen Weg zu gehen (Krieger-Güss & Hannus, 2023). Der enge Zusammenhang der Themen Qualitätsmanagement, Umwelt/ Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement und Arbeitssicherheit ist von immer entscheidender Bedeutung um in einem Unternehmen effizient arbeiten zu können (Krieger. 2008). Qualitätsmanagement bildet die Grundlage für den Aufbau von Strukturen in Unternehmen. An Nachhaltigkeit kommt kein Unternehmen vorbei und es dient der gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung mit den drei Dimensionen ökologisch, sozial und ökonomisch sowie der vierten Dimension Ernährung. Empfohlen wird die Integration der Anforderungen, die für das Thema Nachhaltigkeit von entscheidender Bedeutung sind in die Prozesse in Unternehmen. Gerade die ethische Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit hat einen engen Bezug zum Thema Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz. Die Einhaltung der Menschenrechte wird in der ISO 26000 gefordert und ist ebenfalls Bestandteil des Arbeitsschutzes. Des Weiteren wurde die Einhaltung der Menschenrechte und entsprechende Arbeitsbedingungen auch durch das neue Lieferkettengesetz gesetzlich festgelegt. Die vierte Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit “Ernährung” wird in Standards wie den DGE-Qualitätsstandards betrachtet und Vorgaben bezüglich der Ernährung in Gemeinschaftsverpflegungen dargelegt. Eine Kombination der unterschiedlichen Managementsysteme und die Einhaltung der gesetzlichen Anforderungen haben eine zentrale Funktion in erfolgreich agierenden Unternehmen und Gemeinschaftsverpflegungen.
Aktuell liegen noch viele Defizite in diesen Bereichen vor wie folgende Auswertungen zeigen. Im Zeitraum von 01/2023 – 09/2023 wurden in Deutschland 454 Rückrufe durchgeführt, die die Lebensmittelsicherheit gefährdet haben, wobei die meisten Rückrufe bei Obst und Gemüse erfolgt sind (siehe Abbildung 1)
