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Zur Problematik des unbeabsichtigen Dopings : eine Umfrage an Tierärzte, Reiter und Turnierrichter
No full textApplicable Safety Tests for Automated Agricultural Machinery and Robots Operational Design Domains and Dynamic Driving Tasks as Key to Functional Safety
No full textIntegrating automation in agricultural machinery and robots promises to enhance efficiency, productivity, and safety in farming operations. However, many test cases are required for the homologation of automated machines, which makes testing difficult. To escape this testing complexity, this paper evaluates the usage of the SAE J3016 for Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles in the domain of automated agricultural machinery and robots. With a keen focus on operational design domains (ODD) and dynamic driving tasks (DDT), agricultural automated driving systems (AADS) will be able to perform a set of defined DDT and DDT-fallbacks, ensuring that the machine achieves the minimal risk condition. Complementing the focus on ODD, the DDT offers a framework for evaluating automation's ability. Thus, this paper charts a path toward the practical realization of automated farming
The trilemma of sustainable land use. Teaching competences for designing transdisciplinary landscape transformation at Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences
No full textHandling of Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) on Automatic Measurements in Agricultural Applications Under Real-Field Conditions
No full textThe use of ion-selective field-effect transistors (ISFETs) facilitates real-time nutrient analysis in agricultural applications, including soil analysis and hydroponics. The rapid digital availability of analysis results allows for the implementation of ion-specific fertilisation control. The success, accuracy, and robustness of measurements using ISFET technology strongly depend on the handling of the process. This article presents a detailed overview of the sub-process steps required for the implementation of a stable automated application-specific ISFET-based measurement. This article provides experience-based recommendations for handling the conditioning, full calibration, and single-point calibration of the ISFET sensors. The hypotheses were empirically tested under authentic conditions and subsequently integrated into an overall process optimisation strategy. A comprehensive investigation has been conducted with the objective of gaining a deeper understanding of the ISFET baseline drift and implementing corrective measures. The results show that the baseline drift can be quantified and taken into account in the evaluation of the ISFET measurements. The efficacy of these measures was validated using standard laboratory analyses
Whey-based fermented milk products as an alternative to whey processing in artisanal cheese dairies
No full textMolkeverarbeitung in handwerklichen Käsereien : aktueller Stand in Forschung und Praxis, Arbeitspapier Hochschule Osnabrück, im Forschungsprojekt Nachhaltige Innovationen in der handwerklichen Lebensmittelverarbeitung
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Improving the use of liquid farm-based manures in arable farming : case studies from Germany
No full textThe use of organic fertiliser is an important measure to restore or increase soil humus stocks and to recycle nutrients in agricultural production in a useful way. In several regions in Europe, very large amounts of farm-based manure are produced and applied to agricultural land. As a result, a comparatively low use efficiency of the nutrients contained in these organic fertilisers has often been observed in recent decades, with the resulting environmental impacts on non-agricultural ecosystems (e.g. nitrate leaching into groundwater, phosphate losses to surface waters, gaseous N emissions into the atmosphere). An additional problem is the highly variable nutrient concentration in these heterogeneous liquid manures (e.g. caused by different animal species, feeding and husbandry systems). Stricter legal requirements have made it necessary to develop optimised methods for the application of farm-based manures. Reliable information on plant nutrient concentrations is an important prerequisite for the targeted use of such farm-based fertilisers. The concentrations of various nutrients (e.g. ammonium-N) can be accurately estimated using simple on-farm methods. On the other hand, the reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy for the characterisation of liquid farm manures when filling slurry tankers or during field application is still the subject of controversial discussions. Due to legal regulations, the use of splash plates for the application of liquid farm-based manures is now restricted or even prohibited in some regions of Europe. Farmers have to use a trailing hose system, which significantly decreases gaseous ammonia losses. Further reductions of these NH3 losses are possible by open slot injection or direct incorporation of the slurry into the soil. As an alternative technique to reduce ammonia losses, acidification of liquid farm manure is a possible measure. In addition, deep injection of slurry has been found to reduce nitrate leaching and increase nutrient utilisation efficiency (e.g. phosphorus, manganese and zinc) especially when nitrification inhibitors are added to the slurry. Conclusions are presented, based on the results of the various studies and field trials carried out in Germany regarding the usefulness of these techniques, which can be transferred to other regions in Europe with comparable production conditions
