Civil Engineering Dimension (E-Journal)
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PRICING STRATEGY IN THE INDONESIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Get PDFIssues related to pricing strategy in the Indonesian construction industry are covered%2C including problems of current pricing strategy in construction%2C exploration of pricing strategies with a market-based approach%2C and survey findings of the top Indonesian contractors regarding their current pricing practices and the applicability of market-based pricing strategy models developed by Mochtar and Arditi. Comparisons with similar survey findings of the top U.S. contractors are conducted whenever possible. In conclusion%2C the belief that current pricing strategy in construction is predominantly cost-based is confirmed by the survey findings%3B indeed%2C in setting the markup%2C most contractors rely on subjective assessment of the competition. Using simulated bidding scenarios%2C it is discovered that Indonesian contractors tend to be more market-based as they know more about the owner%5C%27s characteristics%2C competitors%5C%27 characteristics%2C and market demand. Consequently%2C the implementation of bidding procedure proposed by Mochtar and Arditi is supported. To maximize the benefits of market-based pricing strategies%2C the bidding procedure change should be explored by all parties involved in the Indonesian construction industry. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Cost-based+pricing%2C+market-based+pricing%2C+pricing+variables%2C+bidding+procedure
PENGGUNAAN FLY ASH DAN VISCOCRETE PADA SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE
Get PDFSelf Compacting Concrete (SCC) gives a new solution in concrete technology, since SCC does not need vibrator for compacting. SCC has been used and developed abroad, however in Indonesia SCC is not used because there is no research about SCC yet.
In this preliminary research, trial mix is performed to understand the characteristics and to calculate the materials composition to be used in SCC. From this trial mix, some variables are fixed and others are varied. This variable is examined further in the next trial mix. The workability is examined using slump cone method and flowability using L-shaped box. From this test, it is found out that to get the condition of self compactibility, viscocrete must be used.
The binder (cement-fly ash) composition, is examined using 10:0, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 cement to fly ash ratio, until the maximum of flowability and workability, which is 5:5. Viscocrete dose 1.5 % and 2 % did not show a significant difference for all binder composition. From the workability, flowability and strength point of view, binder composition 6:4 and viscocrete dose 1.5 % gives the optimal condition.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) memberikan solusi baru dalam dunia teknologi beton karena tidak memerlukan vibrator untuk pemadatannya. SCC telah digunakan dan dikembangkan di luar negeri, tetapi di Indonesia belum begitu dikenal, dikarenakan belum adanya penelitian tentang SCC di Indonesia.
Pada penelitian awal ini dilakukan trial mix untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan memperkirakan komposisi bahan yang dibutuhkan untuk SCC. Kemudian dari trial mix tersebut ditetapkan variabel-variabel berubah dan variabel-variabel tetap yang akan diuji pada trial mix selanjutnya. Pengujian workability dilakukan dengan alat slump cone sedangkan pengujian flowability dilakukan dengan alat L-shaped box. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, ternyata harus digunakan viscocrete untuk mendapatkan kondisi self compactibility.
Untuk komposisi semen dengan bahan pengisi fly ash dilakukan dengan komposisi binder (semen : fly ash) 10:0, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 dan sampai batas flowability dan workability yang dapat dikerjakan, yaitu 5:5. Penggunaan dosis viscocrete 1.5 % dan 2 % tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada tiap komposisi binder. Dari segi workability, flowability dan kuat tekan beton, komposisi binder 6:4 dan dosis viscocrete 1.5 % merupakan kondisi yang optimal
ALTERNATE PRICING STRATEGIES IN CONSTRUCTION
Get PDFRecent research findings on pricing strategies both in general and in construction are reviewed and explored. First%2C pricing strategy in general%2C mostly in the manufacturing industry%2C is reviewed. It includes the concepts of pricing strategy%2C predatory pricing%2C price wars%2C and price policy development. Second%2C pricing strategy in construction is explored. It includes various pricing models for bid price determination%2C such as the Friedman-Gates models%2C expected utility models%2C risk-pricing model%2C and the crew-day%2C multiple regression%2C and fuzzy-set pricing models. In conclusion%2C pricing strategies in construction are still predominantly based on a cost-based approach. More recent models try to close the gap between the models and the real life conditions of a bidder%5C%27s decision-making process. It appears that there are more problems in cost-based pricing as opposed to market-based pricing. Consequently%2C it is highly recommended that%2C alternative pricing approach such as that are closer to the proposed market-based pricing model need to be explored and developed for use in the construction industry. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pricing+strategy%2C+cost-based+pricing%2C+market-based+pricing
APLIKASI MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN INVESTASI PENGADAAN MATERIAL PADA PT. JHS PILLING SYSTEM
Get PDFMaterial Requirement Planning is a method to decide what, when and how many component and material needed for the production planning. This research studies how far the Material Requirement Planning's application could control material stock investment at PT. JHS Pilling System.
Research results shows that using Material Requirement Planning method give a lower value of cummulative material investment and overdue investment than PT. JHS Pilling System current cost.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Material Requirement Planning adalah suatu metode untuk menentukan apa, kapan dan berapa jumlah komponen dan material yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dari suatu perencanaan produksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari sejauh mana aplikasi Material Requirement Planning dapat mengendalikan investasi pengadaan material pada PT. JHS Pilling System.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi metode Material Requirement Planning memberikan nilai cumulative material investment dan overdue investment yang lebih rendah daripada pengeluaran PT. JHS Pilling System saat ini
PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN PENGGUNAAN BENDA UJI KUBUS BETON PADA PERKERASAN LENTUR TYPE CEMENT TREATED BASE CTB
Get PDFCement Treated Base is a structural layer using Portland Cement as a bonding agent.Until now CTB is not commonly used in Indonesia, so the production method does not develop and the testing procedures is not standardized.
AASHTO 1986 specifies a testing procedure for CTB using Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS). The sample used is a cylinder with diameter 7,1 cm and height 14,2 cm, which is not common in Indonesia. In Indonesia a 15x15x15 cm3 cube sample is more common.
This paper is a preliminary laboratory research to get the relation between the compressive strength of a 15x15x15 cm3 cube with the UCS of a 7.1 cm diameter and 14.2 cm height cylinder. The result shows that a 0.65 multiplication factor is needed to convert the cube compressive strength to the cylinder UCS.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Cement Treated Base (CTB) adalah salah satu type perkerasan lentur dengan menggunakan semen portland sebagai bahan pengikat. Saat ini CTB belum umum digunakan di Indonesia sehingga teknik pembuatannya belum berkembang dan pengujiannya belum dibakukan.
AASHTO 1986 menggunakan cara Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) untuk pengujian CTB. Pengujian dilakukan pada benda uji berbentuk silinder dengan diameter 7,1 cm dan tinggi 14,2 cm, yang tidak umum digunakan di Indonesia. Di Indonesia lebih umum digunakan benda uji berbentuk kubus 15x15x15 cm3.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan di laboratorium untuk mencari hubungan antara kekuatan tekan benda uji bentuk kubus 15x15x15 cm3 dan UCS benda uji silinder diameter 7,1 cm dengan tinggi 14,2 cm. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan suatu faktor pengali sebesar 0,65 untuk mengubah kuat tekan kubus menjadi UCS silinder
PENGARUH FLY ASH TERHADAP SIFAT PENGEMBANGAN TANAH EKSPANSIF
Get PDFSwell and shrink behavior of expansive clays raise significant problem in the field of civil engineering. This paper presents the laboratory experiment of expansive soil stabilization using fly ash (FA). The amount of fly ash used in this experiment ranges from 10% to 25% of dry weight of soil. The results show that the addition of fly ash reduces the specific gravity (Gs), increases the plasticity index (PI), increases the dry density, decreases swelling potentials, and increases strength of soil. This experiment also shows that the increase of strength and the decrease of swelling potential were influenced by the curing time.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Sifat kembang susut tanah expansif merupakan salah satu kendala yang cukup rumit dalam rekayasa bidang teknik sipil. Makalah ini mempresentasikan penelitian laboratorium tentang stabilisasi tanah expansif dengan menggunakan fly ash (FA). Kandungan fly ash yang ditambahkan bervariasi antara 10% sampai 25% dari berat kering tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan fly ash ke dalam tanah dapat menurunkan specific gravity (Gs), meningkatkan indeks plastisitas (PI), meningkatkan berat volume kering (dry density), menurunkan potensi pengembangan (swelling potential), dan menaikkan kekuatan tanah. Sedangkan pengaruh curing menunjukkan bahwa, lamanya curing dapat menurunkan potensi pengembangan dan meningkatkan kekuatan.
Kata kunci: tanah expansif, stabilisasi tanah, fly ash
POTENSI PEMAKAIAN KERIKIL PATERONGAN TORJUN DAN OMBEN DI PULAU MADURA UNTUK BETON STRUKTUR
Get PDFThe use of structural concrete in Madura increases with the development of the island, however coarse and fine aggregates which are used, mostly come from Jawa. This research explores the possibility of using the coarse aggregates from Madura taken from Paterongan, Torjun, and Omben. Although it is shown that in general the coarse aggregates are physically the same with aggregates from Mojokerto or Pasuruan and pass SNI, ACI, ASTM, and BS, only aggregate from Torjun pass the flakiness requirements. The fineness modulus of the aggregates do not pass SNI but pass the BS requirement. Using the aggregates in 225kg/cm2 concrete strength mix design fail to reach the target strength. Aggregates from Paterongan and Omben are only recommended for lean concrete, but there is a possibility to use aggregates from Torjun for structural concrete, with betterment in grading.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Pemakaian beton di pulau Madura meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan pulau Madura tetapi agregat kasar dan halus yang digunakan untuk pembuatan beton masih banyak didatangkan dari pulau Jawa. Untuk melihat kemungkinan penggunaan krikil Madura sebagai agregat kasar beton, telah dilakukan penelitian kekuatan terhadap kerikil Madura yang berasal dari Paterongan, Torjun, dan Omben. Meskipun secara umum dapat dikatakan sifat-sifat fisik kerikil tersebut mendekati sama dengan kerikil dari Mojokerto atau Pasuruan dan memenuhi syarat SNI, ACI, ASTM maupun BS, hanya krikil dari Torjun yang memenuhi syarat kepipihan. Modulus kehalusan kerikil tersebut juga tidak memenuhi syarat SNI walaupun masih memenuhi syarat BS. Penggunaan kerikil Paterongan, Torjun, dan Omben untuk mix disain 225 kg/cm2 ternyata di bawah target yang diharapkan, sehingga kerikil Paterongan dan Omben direkomendasi hanya untuk beton rabat, sedangkan kerikil dari Torjun kemungkinan masih bisa digunakan untuk beton struktur dengan perbaikan gradasi
TESTING HARDENED CONCRETE USING THE MATURITY CONCEPT
Get PDFThe paper provides an overview of different methods that can be used for concrete maturity determination, outlining Romanian Concrete Code Specification (NE 012-99) in relation to using an effective and rational method in evaluating in-situ concrete strength at different ages
PENINGKATAN DAYA DUKUNG PONDASI DANGKAL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CERUCUK SUATU STUDI MODEL
Get PDF“Cerucuk” are widely used in foundation engineering to increase bearing capacity of the foundation and reduce the settlement. In order to study the behavior of the cerucuk some laboratory tests have been conducted on foundation model using bamboo sticks as cerucuk. Three positions of cerucuk namely, vertical, inclined and combination of vertical-inclimed are tested. Based on the test result, it is concluded that 60% increase of bearing capacity is achieved by inclined cerucuk, 37% by vertical cerucuk and 33% by combination of vertical-inclined cerucuk.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Cerucuk banyak dipakai untuk meningkatkan daya dukung pondasi dan mengurangi penurunan yang akan terjadi. Untuk mengetahui perilaku pondasi dengan cerucuk tersebut, telah dilakukan penelitian berupa test pembebanan pada suatu model pondasi dengan menggunakan “biting” bambu sebagai cerucuk. Tiga macam pemasangan cerucuk yaitu tegak, miring dan kombinasi tegak miring dilakukan pada test tersebut. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan daya dukung tanah sebesar 60% oleh cerucuk miring, 37% oleh cerucuk tegak dan 33% bila dipakai kombinasi tegak miring
ALTERNATIF METODA PENJADWALAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI MENGGUNAKAN TEORI SET SAMAR
Get PDFProgram Evaluation Review Technique %28PERT%29 is a scheduling method that consider the uncertainty of the duration of an activity. It assumes a probability density function with a beta distribution. PERT simplifies the analysis using specific values of parameters of beta distribution. The analysis of critical paths consider the mean of the duration only and the probability of the expected total duration are based on critical paths only. Some cases showed that these simplifications cause errors and contradictions. This paper proposes an alternative scheduling method that also allows uncertainties of duration. The method%2C named Fuzzy Logic Application for Scheduling %28FLASH%29%2C applies a fuzzy set theory which is a perfect means for modeling uncertainties arising from mental phenomena which are neither random nor stochastic. It does not require statistical data but needs qualitative observations. Unlike PERT%2C FLASH considers all paths%2C not only critical path%28s%29%2C to analyze the possibility of an expected total duration. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Program Evaluation Review Technique %28PERT%29 merupakan suatu metoda penjadwalan dengan menimbang durasi aktivitas yang bersifat tidak pasti. PERT mengasumsikan fungsi kerapatan probabilitas durasi aktivitas mengikuti distribusi beta. Analisis dalam PERT disederhanakan dengan menggunakan nilai-nilai tertentu parameter distribusi beta. Penentuan jalur kritis hanya menimbang mean durasi untuk menentukan jalur kritis%2C dan probabilitas total durasi didapatkan berdasarkan jalur kritis saja. Beberapa kasus menunjukkan penyederhanaan ini menimbulkan galat dan kontradiksi. Tulisan ini mengusulkan metoda penjadwalan alternatif yang juga menimbang durasi yang bersifat tidak pasti. Metoda ini%2C yang dinamakan Fuzzy Logic Application for Scheduling %28FLASH%29%2C menerapkan teori set samar sebagai satu cara untuk memodelkan ketidakpastian yang muncul dari fenomena mental yang bukan bersifat acak maupun stokastik. FLASH tidak mensyaratkan data statistis tetapi hanya pengamatan secara kualitatif. FLASH mempertimbangkan semua jalur%2C tidak hanya jalur kritis saja seperti PERT%2C untuk menganalisis posibilitas suatu total durasi yang diharapkan. scheduling+method%2C+FLASH%2C+PERT%2C+probability%2C+possibility%2C+fuzzy+set