Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea
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Basic properties and potential uses of saling-saling wood
Get PDFThis research was carried out to examine the basic properties (anatomical structure, chemical, physical and mechanical) of saling-saling wood (Artocarpus teysmanii Miq.) taken from natural forest in Luwu Timur District, South Sulawesi Province. The Potential uses of this wood was determined by considering those properties and wood uses currently employed by the local inhabitants. Results revealed that saling-saling had clearly distinct heartwood and sapwood, sapwood yellowish white and heartwood yellowish brown in colour, figure on tangential sections sometimes show discontinuous dark coloured ribbons, fine or uneven texture, straight grain and sometimes rather interlocked, glossy wood surface , rough surface, and moderate in hardness, the fiber is remarkably long with very thin wall thickness, and this fiber quality is classified in class II for manufacturing paper pulp. The chemical content is composed of high cellulose, low pentose, moderate lignin, high extractive, moderate ash and high silicate. Saling-saling is a light wood with a specific gravity of 0.40, very low in shrinkage and classified as a class III wood strength. Potential uses are for light construction material, canoe/boat, cheap furniture, handicraft, veneer for plywood, laminated lumber, boxes, concrete forms, particle board, fiber board and paper pulp
Natural regeneration of mangrove seedlings in degraded area of Kutai National Park
Get PDFNatural regeneration of seedlings in mangrove forest is an important part of the secondary succession process. This research aimed to analyze the natural regeneration that occured in degraded areas of Kutai National Park, particularly in Bontang and Sangkima. Data collected was the presence of natural mangrove seedlings and measurement of environmental parameter i.e. soil and sea water. Vegetation inventory was conducted establishing plots placed intentionally (purposive sampling) at rehabilitation plot area of Bontang (0,98 ha) and Sangkima (1,04 ha). Composite soil samples were taken from five points in the plots at two different soil depths: 0-30 cm and 31-61 cm. Water samples of 200 ml were collected from the plots. The results of this study showed that at both locations six species of mangrove seedling were found. Bontang area consist of Acrostichum aureum, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Rhizophora apiculata and also Ceriops tagal species. Meanwhile, in Sangkima area species was identified as: Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, and Rhizophora mucronata. Distribution of seedlings mangrove at Bontang area has strong positive correlation with environmental parameter of soil texture (silt and clay), soil chemical (CEC, N, C, Na, Ca), tides, and water chemical (salinity, NO3 and COD). In other hand, seedlings distribution in the Sangkima area have strong positive correlation with environmental parameters of soil texture (sand) and water chemicals (Mg, Al, pH, COD, BOD, DO, and TSS). In order to speed up of the restoration in degraded areas of Kutai National Park mangrove forest, it was need attention to suitability aspects of each species based on the environmental conditions of each site
Estimation Model of Site Quality of Teak (Tectona grandis) Using Very High-Resolution Imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in KPH Nganjuk
Get PDFSite quality is one of the main information needed in forest stand management. Site quality classes need to be evaluated every certain period because the quality of forest stands may change as a result of management applied. This study describes the use of very high-resolution imagery derived from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for estimating the site quality of teak (Tectona grandis). The UAV imagery used was taken from 400 m above datum (the average land surface elevation) with ground spatial resolution of 15 cm. Site quality estimation models was built using discriminant analysis. The study found that the best accuracy from discriminant function using multiple variables canopy density (C) and average of crown diameter (Dc ̅̅̅) is 60.9%
Model Spasial Deforestasi di KPHP Poigar, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Get PDFForest is a part of the ecosystem that provides environmental services. Deforestation may decrease forest function in an ecosystem. This study aims to build a spatial model of deforestation in a forest management unit (FMU) of Poigar. Deforestation analysis carried out by analyze the change of forest cover into non-forest cover with post classification comparison technique. Driving forces of deforestation carried out by spatial modeling using binary logistic regression models (LRM). Result of logistic regression model was used to predict the deforestation in 2013 and compare the prediction result with actual deforestation. The result showed that forest loss from the 2000 to 2013 period amounted 12,668.2 hectares. Deforestation in FMU of Poigar influenced by six factors there are distance from the road, distance from the settlement, distance from the river, population density, elevation and slope. Logistic regression model was built using five explanatory variables that are the distance from the road, distance from the river, population density, elevation and slope. Population density and accessibility is the most influented factor caused deforestation in FMU of Poigar. Prediction of deforestation could predict about 58 % of actual deforestation spatialy, so spatial models of deforestation could be an information to guidance on future management of FMU of Poigar
Dampak sistem silvikultur intensif (SILIN) terhadap komunitas burung bawah tajuk di PT Triwira Asta Bharata, Kaltim
Get PDFThe objective of the research is to identify the impact of Intensive Indonesian Selective Cutting and Replanting System (TPTII/SILIN) at dipterocarp production forest on understory birds community. Two forest blocks were compared, one with TPTII/SILIN and the other with Indonesian Selective Cutting and Replanting System (TPTI). At each forest block, 10 of 4 x 10 m mist nets were installed for three days and then they were moved to other spot for other three days. Mist nets were opened from 06:00 to 17:00 and monitored every 15 minutes. The trapped bird was identified and body size measured, then subsequently released. Data was analyzed by using Important Value Index, Shannon-Weinner Diversity Index, Margalef Species Richness Index, Simpson Dominance Index, and Sorensen Similarity Index. Number of individu, number of species, Shanon-Wiener Diversity Index were compared statistically using student t-test. The result showed that Ceyx erithacus and Arcahnotera longirostra hold the highest important value index in TPTI and TPTII/SILIN respectively. Bird abundance, Shannon-Weinner Diversity Index and Margalef Species Richness Index were lower in TPTI than TPTII/SILIN. Meanwhile Simpson Dominance Index was higher at TPTI than TPTII/SILIN. Statistical analysis for the data of the two forest blocks showed significant differences on number of individual, number of species and Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index. TPTII/SILIN was better in supporting understory birds community than those of TPTI
Partisipasi petani pada penerapan teknik rehabilitasi lahan dan konservasi tanah di wilayah DAS mikro
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the level of farmers participation in the implementation of land rehabilitation and soil conservation (LRSC) techniques where appropriate to the micro watershed through PRA and PAR approaches. The techniques of LRSC both mechanical and vegetative methods have been built in a participatory manner in the demonstration plots of 2 ha in Datara micro watershed and of 2.5 ha in Mararin also micro watershed, South Sulawesi. Gully plug equipped with stick-scale and V-notch weir were constructed in Datara micro watershed and concrete tank of mud and runoff was built in Mararin micro watershed to monitor the impact of LRSC actvities to sedimentation and runoff level. The results showed the level of farmers participation at both locations fluctuated in the category of low (<50%), moderate (50-79%) and high (>80%) against targets LRSC activities that have been agreed at a meeting of the group. The level of participation is determined from the condition of the microhydro electric power who have built together. Participation of farmers on the application of LRSC on both plots are: willing to lend of their land for the location of demonstration plots, planting and maintaining trees for timber production, building and maintaining contour terraces and channel of water drainages, maintaining grass and gliricidia as reinforcement terraces for soil conservation techniques. Activities of LRSC impact plots show that layers of sedimentation and runoff volume decreased in the research sites. Demonstration plots in Datara, high sedimentation layer in the second year (2011) in gully plug average of 32.72 cm decline to 7.14 cm in the fourth year (2013), as well as runoff discharge 44.47 liter/sec in 2010 down to 22.8 liter/sec in November 2013. in Mararin plots the average height of a layer of mud in the tank in 2011 from 4.89 cm decline to 1.99 cm in November 2013 and the runoff volume 8.5 liter/sec down to 5.6 liter/sec at the same time
Potensi simpanan karbon pada tiga tipe savana di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Get PDFProvinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) terkenal keberadaan savananya, dimana 22% dari luas daratannya merupakan savana. Ada 8 (delapan) tipe savana yang didasarkan pada spesies pohon dominan pada savana tersebut. Dalam rangka kepentingan inventarisasi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) untuk menyediakan data faktor emisi/serapan GRK maka dilakukan penghitungan potensi simpanan karbon pada areal savana. Pada tulisan ini disampaikan potensi simpanan karbon pada tiga tipe savana yakni savana huek (Eucalyptus alba), savana lontar (Borassus flabellifer) dan savana gewang (Corypha utan). Pendugaan potensi dilakukan pada 4 (empat) pool karbon yakni atas permukaan tanah, bawah permukaan tanah, nekromas berkayu, nekromas tidak berkayu dan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata potensi simpanan karbon pada savana huek (E. alba) sebesar 537,18 ton/ha, rata-rata potensi simpanan karbon pada savana gewang (C.utan) sebesar 58,21 ton/ha dan rata-rata potensi simpanan karbon pada savana lontar (B. flabellifer) sebesar 52,68 ton/ha
Ekosistem Hutan Pegunungan Bawah Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung: Hotspot Keanekaragaman Hayati Burung dan Manajemen Konservasinya
Get PDFHutan pegunungan bawah dikenal sebagai salah satu hotspot keanekaragaman hayati. Namun informasi mengenai keanekaragaman hayati burung yang terdapat di ekosistem ini tergolong masih sangat minim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi ilmiah mengenai ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati burung dan manajemen konservasinya. Pengumpulan data keanekaragaman burung dilakukan di tiga lokasi ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung (TN Babul) dan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode count point. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman jenis Shannon-Weiner, indeks kemerataan jenis Pielou, indeks dominasi Simpson, indeks kekayaan jenis Margalef dan indeks kesamaan jenis Sorensen. Beda nyata pada populasi burung yang dijumpai di lokasi penelitian diuji dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah TN Babul kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati burung, kaya akan spesies endemik, langka dan dilindungi. Kondisi populasi burung tergolong baik, meskipun terdapat perbedaan nyata pada jumlah individu burung yang dijumpai di lokasi penelitian akibat adanya perbedaan tingkat gangguan oleh manusia. Untuk itu sangat diperlukan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang zonasi, serta partisipasi berbagai pihak bagi peningkatan peran dan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya konservasi. Selain itu juga diperlukan adanya kesinambungan program konservasi yang dilaksanakan oleh pihak TN Babul, agar kelestarian ekosistem hutan pegunungan bawah dan keanekaragaman hayati yang terdapat di dalamnya tetap lestari
Analisis Debit Aliran Das Mikro dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya
Get PDFMelalui pemahaman karakteristik hidrologi dalam Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS), sumberdaya air dapat dikelola untuk tujuan yang luas yakni tujuan ekonomi, sosial maupun pemanfaatan sumberdaya air berkelanjutan. Pada kenyataannya pengelolaan DAS yang ada selama ini lebih terkait pada pengendalian erosi, sedimentasi, banjir dan kekeringan sedangkan potensi pemanfaatan hasil air untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat di hulu DAS jarang menjadi dasar perencanaan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, penelitian DAS Mikro ini dilaksanakan di 3 (tiga) DAS Mikro pewakil dari DAS-DAS Prioritas di Sulawesi yaitu DAS Mamasa, DAS Saddang, dan DAS Jeneberang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pola debit aliran DAS Mikro dalam hubungannya dengan curah hujan dan penggunaan lahan serta potensi pemanfaatannya bagi masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari curah hujan dan hasil air, ketiga DAS Mikro merupakan daerah yang potensial untuk menjadi sumber air untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air irigasi maupun air rumah tangga. Semakin tinggi proporsi luas penutupan hutan dan semakin baik kualitas penutupannya, semakin baik hasil air dan semakin tinggi pula potensi pemanfaatannya
Diversity of Tuber Crops and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (Amf) Under Community Forest Stand in South Sulawesi
Get PDFImplementation of agroforestry system in community forest that incorporate local species Vitex cofassus (bitti), Toona sinensis (suren), Tectona grandis (teak) and Aleurites moluccana (candlenut) with seasonal crops such as tuber crops would create opportunities for local people to improve the economic and food security. Tuber crops as the understory could be expected to reduce the rate of soil erosion and expand habitat of beneficia soil microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The research aims to determine the diversity of tuber crops and AMF in the rhizosphere of tuber crops grown under community forest stands of bitti, suren, teak and candlelnut in South Sulawesi. Results showed that (1) there are 12 kinds of tuber crops that grow under community forest stands in which the 7 types are as alternative food sources, (2) Amorphophallus campanulatus (iles-iles/suweg) and Xanthosoma violaceum (kimpul) are species of tuber crops that is found growing under all of the commnunity forest stands, (3) all kinds of tuber crops that grow under the community forest stand associated with AMF, in which there are 3 AMF genus i.e Glomus sp. Acaulospora sp. and Gigaspora sp.with low spore density