Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea
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Variation among Populations and Correlation among Seedling Characters of White Jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser) under Drought and Water Logging Stress
Get PDFDrought and water logging stress are the most critical environmental factors that affect tree seedling survival and growth in the field. In this study, 12 populations of white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser) were evaluated to determine the genetic variability among populations and correlation among morphophysiological seedling characters under drought and water logging stresses. Two research units were carried out by the randomized complete design with 2 x 12 factorial arrangements, i.e. (1) drought stress (2 treatments) and population (12 populations), and (2) water logging stress (2 treatments) and population (12 populations). Results showed that the responses of seedling traits were varied among populations under drought and waterlogging stresses. White Jabon seedling has higher adaptation to water logging stress than to drought stress. Kampar and Gowa populations have better adaptation to water logging stress. In drought stress, Gowa population had better adaptation followed by Nusa Kambangan population. Seedling height, total biomass and proline content characters based on value of broad sense heritability and correlation among characters, could be considered as important indicators for improvement programs for drought tolerance, while in the water logging stress, height, total biomass, root length and leaf area could be considered as important indicators for improvement program of white Jabon for tolerance on waterlogged sites
Village Community and Flora Biodiversity Management in Home Garden System at Central of Sumba Regency
Get PDFFlora biodiversity is a strategic resource due its various potential uses for human benefit. Population growth is sometimes considered to be a contributory factor in the degradation of the biological resources, conversely, the population plays an important role in its conservation. This research aimed to understand the flora biodiversity management, structure and composition of plants in home-garden system. The research was conducted in Central Sumba Regency. Methods used were interview and observation. Data were analysed descriptively and qualitatively. The result showed that the flora biodiversity management in home garden based on poly-culture approach, a holistic beneficially as a socio-cultural-religious attribute, economic-income and ecology-conservation. The structure and composition of plant in the home-garden they include the variation of the important value index. The expansion of the residential areas positively impact the flora biodiversity conservation in home-garden system
Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nyamplung sampai umur 4 (empat) tahun pada tiga pola tanam dan dosis pupuk di lahan Pantai Berpasir Pangandaran, Jawa Barat
Get PDFNyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is one of the new alternatives of biofuels materials in the world. Hitherto, the information on the cultivation and processing techniques is very limited. This study aims to find out the growth of nyamplung on some cropping patterns on sandy beach Pangandaran in 4 (four) years. The experimental design used in this study was split plot design. The main plots were cropping pattern: agroforestry nyamplung, nyamplung monoculture and nyamplung + pandanus, and the subplot were fertilizer doses: (1) no fertilizer (control), (2) 5 kg of organic fertilizer + 100 gr/plant NPK and (3) 10 kg of organic fertilizer + 200 gr/plant of NPK fertilizer. Each combination treatment consists of 25 plants that were repeated 3 times , so that the total number of plants observed were 675 plants. The growth parameters observed: survival rate, height, diameters and number of branches of plant until 4 years. The results of this study showed that the interaction of treatments were statistically not significant. The growth of the plants was significantly affected by cropping pattern and fertilization. The Agroforestry pattern produces the highest survival rate and growth that is 97.33% with an average height of 220 cm and an average diameter of 5.08 cm. Recommended fertilizer doses are 5 kg of organic fertilizer for base and 100 grams of advanced fertilizer NPK twice a year
The abundance of anoa (Bubalus sp.) Plant at Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park
Get PDFBogani Nani Wartabone National Park (TNBNW) is an important habitat for anoas, which represents genetic diversity of anoa species in the northern area of Sulawesi. Wild animals depend on their habitats for many things, including food. Food availability influences the growth and reproduction of any species. Food information is also important for area management as an input in habitat development activities, which are parts of in-situ conservation. The aim of this study was to investigate the types, abundance and diversity of anoa food plants in TNBNW. The study was conducted in three locations, namely Imandi Mountain, Gambuta Mountain and Sinombayuga Mountain ranging between 0 and 1600 mdpl elevations. Data were collected using line plot sampling method and food type observation was performed with plots size of 0.04 ha. Total observation plots in three research locations were 202, of which 90 plots were in Imandi Mountain and Gambuta Mountain, and 22 plots were in Sinombayuga Mountain. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables. Food abundance was determined by total food plants found in every location. Natural plants food diversity used several indices, which were Margalef Richness, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and Evenness Index. The results showed that 35 species of food plants were identified. As many as 28 species of them including herbaceous plants, and seven species of woody plants. Some plant species have higher abundance, namely rofu (Elatostema sp.), rattan (Calamus sp.), and various types of fern
Drought responses on growth, proline content and root anatomy of Acacia auriculiformis cunn., Tectona grandis l., Alstonia spectabilis br., and Cedrela odorata l.
Get PDFGlobal warming causes extreme weather and temperature leading to drought. Identification of drought adaptive species is essential. This research is aimed to examine growth, proline content and root anatomy of Acacia auriculifomis, Tectona grandis, Alstonia spectabilis, and Cedrela odorata and to compare the most adaptive species under drought condition. Controlled dry treatments applied were 10, 20, 30, and 40 days unwatered, and compared with control plants, each with 3 replications. Characteristics measured were height, diameter, leaf number and area, root proline content and root tracheal diameter. Data and samples were collected every 10 days. Growth and physiological data were analyzed by using T-Test, while anatomical data were analyzed by using ANOVA and DUNCAN test. Results showed that drought on A. auriculiformis, T. grandis, A. spectabilis, and C. odorata has decreased plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves but increasing proline content, and diameter of tracheas belonging to the roots. This study indicates that the most likely tolerant and adaptive species to drought are those that have the most variation of mechanisms to respond in which these characters would likely to appear at higher level of stress condition
Distribution and population structure of the juvenile of Diospyros celebica bakh. Under the canopy of their mother-tree
Get PDFThe distribution pattern and population structure of Diospyros celebica under the conopy of their mother[1]tree stand were studied in the experimental forest of Hasanuddin University at Maros District. One hectar rectangular plot was established in the secondary natural forest dominated by D. celebica. All individuals of D. celebica found in the plot were recorded their diameter at hight 130 cm above ground level. Individual less than 130 cm in hight were categorized as seedling and measured their total hight from ground level. Analyzes using Morisita’s Distribution Index (Iδ) resulted in the distribution pattern of D. celebica was clumped for all life-stages (seedling, sapling, pole and tree). Distribution pattern of seedling was found to be not significanly correlated to the slope, but was positively and significantly correlated with the level of canopy cover of their mother-tree stand. Abundance of seedlings were found under the canopy of the mother trees. However, as the individuals grow taller the correlation became weaker, until then the correlation became negative at the tree stage. This study also indicated that for all life-stages, more individual of D. celebica were found on the habitat with steeper slopes, but the correlation was not significant. The abundant number of seedling indicates that this species has a good ability in the natural regeneration process
The Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Compost to Improve the growth of Teak Seedlings (Tectona grandis Linn. f.) on Limestone Post-mining Soil
Get PDFThe characteristics of limestone post-mining soil are low physical, chemical and biological soil fertility, which have adverse effect on plant growth. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and compost application is expected to enhance plant growth. AMF association expand nutrients absorption area. Compost application provides nutrients and increases soil porosity, which significantly supports plant growth and AMF development. Therefore, the effectiveness of AMF or compost could be improved if both are applied simultaneously. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the AMF and compost to teak seedling growth on limestone postmining soil. A completely randomized design was applied with factorial pattern. There are 2 factors of treatment i.e AMF inoculation (K=without AMF, A=Acaulospora sp., G=Gigaspora sp., and M=Mix of Acaulospora sp. and Gigaspora sp.) and Compost percentage (K0=without compost, K5=5% compost, K10=10% compost, and K15=15% compost). The results showed AMF and compost application improved growth compared to the quality of teak seedling. Inoculation of Gigaspora sp. with 5% compost gave the best responses for stem diameter and seedling quality index. The best leaves accretion was denoted by the seedlings that were inoculated by Mix AMF with 5% compost. Inoculation of Acaulospora sp. with 15% compost had better growth response for biomass. Root-top ratio and AMF colonization were shown in seedling that was inoculated by Gigaspora sp. with 15% of compost. Gigaspora sp. with 5% compost, therefore, is the best combination for increasing seedling quality
Land capability evaluation for land use recommendation in Lawo watershed
Get PDFThe changes of forest uses into agricultural land is a serious problem in Lawo watershed, South Sulawesi. Agricultural practices without implementing soil conservation and adequate agro-technology has caused high level of soil erosion and low land productivity. Management in Lawo watershed must be done with integrated soil and water conservation in order to increase agricultural production. This effort can be done with land capability evaluation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the land capability of Lawo watershed using land capability category for data analysis. The results showed that Lawo watershed is dominated by land capability of class III with erosion (middle) as the dominant limiting factor which covers about 17,476.42 ha (49.68%). In addition, the class of land capability is followed by class IV with the slope (moderately steep) as the limiting factor and erodibility of soil (middle) covering about 10,059.8 ha (28.6%), land capability of class VI with slope (Steep) as the limiting factor with 7,638.32 ha (21.72%) coverage area. Land with class III can be recommended for dryland farming with adequate application of agro-technology, and water and soil conservation. While class IV and VI are not recommended for agricultural activities but for private forest or plantation forest
The response of provenance and family to drought stress at the progeny trial of Alstonia angustiloba
Get PDFThis experiment aimed to identify the provenance and family responses to drought stress of Alstoniaangustiloba Miq. progeny trial. This experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design. The research used 2 factors, i.e. provenance (Banten, Muara Enim, Musi Rawas and West Sumatera) and family (43 families). In this experiment, family factor was nested in the provenance. The results showed that the addition of the lowestmortality occurred in Banten provenance (9.22%) and highest in Muara Enim provenance (19.44%). A total of 36families had additional mortality in the range of 4.17 to 33.33%. Height and stem diameter increment of all provenances decreased due to drought stress, which ranged respectively from 0.02 to 0.27 m/year and 0.02 to 0.05 cm/year. Ranking of height increment did not change before and after the occurrence of drought stress, i.e.with the following order provenance of Muara Enim, Banten, Musi Rawas and Solok. In the family level, ranking of height and stem diameter increment before and after drought stress were vary slightly
Land suitability analysis for sandalwood plantation in Timor island
Get PDFSandalwood population in Timor Island has been on a decrease at an alarming rate. The decrease reached 85% in 10 years, from 1987-1988 and 1997-1998. The present status of sandalwood on the Timor Island has been included as a vulnerable specie. Sandalwood cultivation and recovery efforts is systematic, this involves a planned process. To achieve any significant success, it must be supported by data and information about the location suitable for the growth of sandalwood. This study aims to provide data and information on the land suitability for sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) in Timor Island. The study was conducted by analysis of soil chemistry and physics and biophysical conditions overlay with FAO procedure (1976). The analysis showed an actual suitability area for development of sandalwood in each district are as follows: Belu of 125,216.69 ha (51.32%), Timor Tengah Utara of 163,554.16 ha (61.26%), Timor Tengah Selatan of 278,818.77 ha (70.64%), Kupang of 263,677.77 ha (44.73%), Kupang City of 8994.48 ha (49.89%) of the total land area of each district