Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Kandungan Fe dan Zn pada Beras Pecah Kulit dan Beras Sosoh dari Galur-Galur Padi Toleran Wereng Batang Cokelat
Get PDFIn addition to carbohydrates, rice contains other minerals that function to growth and development of vital human organs. On the other hand, the content is influenced by genetic and milling processes. Indonesian Centre of Rice Research (ICRR) has genetic collection resistant to strains of the brown plant hopper (BPH). Genotypes were studied to assemble the pest-resistant varieties with high iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content. This study aims to determine the BPH-resistant lines that had high and stable Fe and or Zn content. The study was conducted in XRF Laboratory, ICRR Sukamandi, West Java in 2015. Fe and Zn were determined by using XRF machine with a system of performance-based X-ray. Total 20 rice lines that resistant to BPH was used Fe and Zn content on brown and polished rice were evaluated duplo. The results showed that milling generally decreased the content of Fe and Zn at rate 56.31% and 20.54%, respectively. The highest Fe content was found in BP19564b-WBC-1-1-4-3 (12.25 ppm), while the highest Zn content in BP19564b-WBC-1-9-8-3 (26.35 ppm). Genotype BP19564b-WBC-1-9-4-2 and BP19564b-WBC-1-9-8-3 exhibited the lowest in reduction Fe and Zn content, respective, from brown to polished rice
Produksi IgY Spesifik Staphylococcus aureus dari Isolat Asal Kasus Staphylococcosis pada Kelinci
Get PDFThis experiment aims to produce immunoglobulin Y (Ig-Y) Staphylococcus aureus isolates origin staphylococcosis case in rabbits. Vaccination is done several times using Staphylococcus aureus active in 109 cfu/ml. Injecting the chicken is done four weeks in a row, the first week is done by intravenous injection of S. aureus antigens, the second week of the injection sub cutan S. aureus emulsified with Freund\u27s complete adjuvant, followed by the third and fourth week of the injection of S. aureus antigen emulsified with incomplete Freund\u27s adjuvant. Egg samples were taken after four weeks of the last injection for identification, purification, and determination of specific IgY against S. aureus in egg yolk. IgY specificity qualitatively tests performed by the AGP test (To Gel Precipitation). IgY extraction is done using PEG - Ammonium sulfate, purified IgY concentration calculated by the method of Bradford. The results showed that IgY began to be detected in egg yolk at week six after immunization, with the average levels of IgY is 1.7 mg/ml
Nilai Hematologi, Denyut Jantung, Frekuensi Respirasi, dan Suhu Tubuh Ternak Sapi Perah Laktasi di Pangalengan
Get PDFPangalengan is located in the high land region with an altitude of 1.000-1.420 m above sea level, which has an average temperature of 17.80 ± 1.46 0C and humidity of 63.99 ± 2.74%. These environmental conditions will affect the physiological values of dairy cattle, especially during the lactation period. However, information about the physiological parameters of lactating cows in this area is not available. This study used 20 lactating dairy cows, and physiological values were measured in the morning, midday, and afternoon. The ranges of heart rate, respiration rate, and rectal temperature of dairy cows during lactation period were 59.82-72.02 times/min, 26.01-36.69 times/min, and 37.32-38.36 0C, respectively. The range of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, and leukocytes of lactating dairy cows was 8.29-9.51 g/dl, 24.52-29.70%, 6.10-8.18 million/µl, and 6.220-10.600 cells/µl, respectively. The range of differential leukocyte of lactating dairy cows were lymphocyte 32.64-63.14%, neutrophils 28.34-53.24%, monocytes 0.41-4.85%, eosinophils 1.58-15.78%, and basophils 0%, respectively. The range of a ratio of N/L of lactating dairy cows was 0.41-1.63. This study concludes that lactating dairy cows maintained under mild Pangalengan climatic conditions still show physiological values within the normal rang
Senyawa Penciri Ekstrak Daun Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk) sebagai Anti-Kolesterol
Get PDFJati belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk) leaves is traditionally used as slimming and cholesterol reducing agent. This research aims to determine the active component on jati belanda leaves as marker compound for cholesterol reducing agent. The quality of leaves was checked prior to use for next step of analysis. Jati belanda leaves with good quality was extracted by ethanol 30% and the extract was separated by chromatography technique such as open column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the quality of samples is meet to the requirement of Indonesian Food and Drug Agency (Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM)) based on moisture content, ash content, and heavy metal content. Based on the separation results showed that the cholesterol reducing compound from jati belanda is querceti
Efek Senyawa Saponin pada Sapindus rarak dengan Pakan Berbasis Jerami Padi dalam Mitigasi Gas Metana
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to study saponin in Sapindus rarak were added to the diet of rice straw ammoniation (20 & 40%), related to the effect in reducing methane emissions of ruminants and pattern of rumen fermentation were tested by in vitro. Completly randomized block design with four treatments and four replications was used. Variables measured were gas production total, methane production, dray matter digestibility (DMD), N-ammonia, VFA total, VFA partial, and population of protozoa. The results showed that the addition saponins in S. rarak as a source of rice straw ammoniation significant effect (P<0.05) of the total gas production, methane production, dray matter digestibility (DMD), N-ammonia, VFA partial, and population of protozoa. S. rarak use as a source of saponins with a dose of 20% on rice straw ammoniation was able to reduce methane gas production drop in gas production total, concentration of N-ammonia, and protozoa population
Struktur Anatomi dan Kualitas Serat Kayu dan Akar Gantung Beringin (Ficus benjamina Linn.)
Get PDFBeringin (Ficus benjamina Linn.) is one of typical fast growing tree species which are commonly found in Indonesia. The trees grow with hanging roots which grow larger and often can merged with the main stem, then its timber is not optimally utilized. This paper studies the anatomical structure and fiber quality of main stem and large, medium, and small diameter of hanging roots of beringin (Ficus benjamina Linn.) tree. Anatomical structure was observed macroscopically and microscopically, while fiber dimensions were measured from macerated samples. The results show that the anatomical structure pattern of the roots is similar with those of main stem, however the quantity and dimension of anatomical components of hanging roots are smaller and shorter than components of main stem. Likewise, the fiber dimensions of roots are shorter and thinner than those taken from the main stem. Based on fiber dimensions and its derivative value, beringin wood fibers are classified into class quality II for pulp and paper. The creamy white color with white streaky figure of beringin wood from main stem is recommended for indoor decoration products such as wooden venetian blind, while the small roots are recommended for strap or webbing material crafts
Induksi Kalus Jeruk Kasturi (Citrus microcarpa) Menggunakan Hormon 2,4-D dan BAP dengan Metode in vitro
Get PDFCalamansi fruits (Citrus microcarpa) or musk lime is one horticulture crops has been known as beverage and food flavorings. This research aimed to determine the effect of 2,4-D and BAP on callus induction of explants calamansi fruits (Citrus microcarpa). Parameters observed is percentage of explants, time appeared callus, callus width, and texture of the callus. Research results and a growing percentage of the width callus explants were analyzed by ANOVA and a further test DMRT at 5% level. The next to appear callus timing parameters and texture of callus analyzed in description. The result shows that a combination of hormones D4B1 and D4B2 produces a callus emerged fastest of 3.3 days after culture. The highest percentage of callus formation that is 100% contained in the treatment of D2B0, D2B0.5-D4B0. The mean width of callus was highest in treatment D4B2with a width of 0.97 cm. Embryogenic callus resulting by treatment of D2B1, D2B2, and D3B0. However, the best a combination of hormones is treatment D2B2 (2 mg/l, 2,4-D, dan 2 mg/l BAP) producing embryogenic callus edvanced to suspension cultures
Kualitas Kayu Meranti Merah (Shorea leprosula Miq.) Hasil Budi Daya
Get PDFWood quality of five year-old of cultivated Red Meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.) was studied in order to assure its proper utilization. The evaluation was conducted based on fiber dimension and physical properties of wood. Fiber dimension was measured through maceration specimen, while green moisture content, wood density, and specific gravity were measured following the modification of BS 373.75. Result shows that quality of Red Meranti wood studied was similar to that of naturally grown, except for its fibers which were shorter and thinner than those of naturally grown. It was found that wood quality of each tree was homogenous and even. Result also shows that average values of fiber length, cell wall thickness, moisture content in green condition, wood density and SG are 968.12 µm, 2.72 µm, 104.57%, 0.81 g/cm3, and 0.50, respectively. The wood is categorized as strength class of III, therefore, this Shorea leprosula wood is potential as raw material for plywood and furniture manufacturing, as well as for the 3-rd class of structural and other purposes. The trees unfortunately have not produce the mature wood yet, and the wood produced is not suitable for the highest quality of pulp and paper manufacturing
Distribusi Spasial Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) pada Musim Timur di Perairan Pulau Lancang, Kepulauan Seribu
Get PDFA study was carried out to assess the present status of blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Lancang Island, incorporating identification of fishing ground, also measurement of environmental condition and crab biometry. Monthly catch assessment was performed on JuneSeptember 2015 at three landing bases using structured questionnaire and morphometric sampling of minimum randomly selected 30 crabs. Bathymetric survey was conducted to produce depth-contoured maps combined with certain oceanographic parameters (sea surface temperature, salinity, water clarity, total suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, and nitrate-NO3) measured at 15 sampling sites. A grid map was produced to identify key areas of crab fishing grounds, recruitment habitat, and spawning habitats. During southeast monsoon, main fishing ground was distributed in the western and southern part of Lancang Island (grid C3, C4, and D5). In general, crab yields were dominated by female (66.9%) and 43.8% of them were bearing eggs. Four size classes were determined from frequency distribution of carapace width (Class 1 = 7.0-10.6 cm; Class 2 = 10.7-14.2 cm; Class 3 = 14.3-17.8 cm; and Class 4 = 17.9-21.5 cm), with Class 2 as the most prominent catch. Referring to ontogenetic migration trait of the species, presumed recruitment habitat for blue swimmer crab in Lancang Island is located at A6, where abundant juveniles were harvested in the area with strong oceanic influence and depth range of 24-30 m. Spatial coherence on the distribution of bearing egg female with several environmental parameters (sea surface temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen) indicates strong estuarine influence is required for crab spawning habitat at C3 an
Dampak Ekonomi dan Lingkungan Ekspansi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Studi Kasus: Desa Penyabungan, Kecamatan Merlung, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi)
Get PDFOil palm is one of the major plantation commodity that earns foreign exchange. The expansion of oil palm plantation potentially gives not only economic benefits, but also the environmental problems. Therefore, the economic and environmental impacts of oil palm plantation expansion need to be assessed. This study uses revenue analysis to estimate the economic benefits, descriptive analysis to identify environmental impacts, and to estimate external costs using replacement cost and cost of illness. In this research, expansion is defined as the conversion of a part of or whole rubber plantation to oil palm plantation. The expansion resulted in farmers turning some or all of rubber gardens into palm oil plantations that resulted in an increase in revenues of 40.52%. In addition to the on-farm sector, farmers benefit from off-farm (24.46%) and non-farm (25.61%), bringing the total increase of farmers\u27 income by 33.42%. Based on community perceptions of environmental impacts due to oil palm plantation expansion in the form of reduced quantity of groundwater, water pollution, and decreased animal population. The environmental impact of crude palm oil (CPO) factories is to produce liquid waste from palm oil processing that raises external costs for the community in the form of the replacement cost of clean water and the cost of illnes