Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Hubungan Antara Degradasi Mangrove Segara Anakan dan Penurunan Hasil Tangkapan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) di Kabupaten Cilacap, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Get PDFThe area of mangrove Segara Anakan has a high economic value so that there is a high interest to various land uses in this area. This condition leads to the change in ecological function of the mangrove which has impacts on the decreased production of mangrove crabs. This study was desighed to analyze the areas of catching crabs related to mangrove ecosystem. This study was conducted for six months in the 3 mudcrab catching areas (Western Area, Central Area, and Eastern Area). The analysis used in this study was a one way ANOVA statistic for the crabs catching in these 3 catching areas, and a simple linear regression to analyxe the correlation betwen annual crab production and mangrove area. The results showsed that mud crabs catchings in the 3 areas is 5861.7; 6072.87; dan 7689.4 kg were significantly different (P<0.05) and the linear regression between the area of mangrove in Segara Anakan and crab’s production of the Cilacap Regency was Y= 14.951X-88357 with R2 = 0.54. These results described that the number of crabs catching was influenced by the condition of mangrove in the 3 catching areas while the regressionb analysis showed that the decreased mud crab’s production in Cilacap Regency was correlated to the decrease in the area of mangrove Segara Anakan
Studi Biofisik pada Lanskap Hutan Rawa Gambut di Taman Nasional Sebangau: Kasus di Resort Mangkok
Get PDFFire and illegal logging are main causes of peat swamp forest (PSF) degradation. Degradation causes biotic and abiotic changes of PSF. This reasearch was designed to collect data on description of species composition, carbon stock, soil physical factors, and soil macrofauna as indicators of changes in land condition due to PSF degradation. This research was conducted on degraded PSF area caused by fire and illegal logging. Sample plots were located based on the distance from the river i.e., <1.5; <4; and <10 km. Parameters measured included species composition of the stands and their ecological indices, carbon stock potention, soil physical condition (density), and soil macrofauna diversity. Research results showed that all of the parameters in those three locations were not significantly different. Based on those conditions, the main causes of degradation gave the same effects (biotic and abiotic changes) in the very ranged area with 10 km distances. These results were caused by the condition that all parameters measured were very sensitive to changes occurred in all experimental location
Pengaruh Nanokitosan-Ag/Cu pada Perkembangan Penyakit Antraknosa pada Cabai
Get PDFPlant disease that often attacks the chili both in pre- and postharvest is fruit rot or commonly called with antracnose. Antracnose is caused by the attack of fungus Colletotrichum capsici. To control it, fungicides which are effective, safe for environmental and human are needed. For that purpose, people develop chitosanbased fungicide. Chitosan has been widely reported has an antimicrobial role for viral, bacterial, and fungal which can cause disease in plants. Further development of chitosan in order to increase antimicrobial activity is by the synthesis of Ag/Cu-Chitosan nanoparticles. Based on tests, it is known that both in the laboratory and greenhouse scale, Ag-ChNPs at a dose of 500 ppm and Cu-ChNPs at a dose of 1000 ppm have an inhibition effect on growth of Colletotrichum capsici by 17.3 and 42.3% meanwhile the treatment of Ag-ChNPs at a dose of 500 ppm and Cu-ChNPs at a dose of 1000 ppm were significantly potential in suppressing the incidence of the diseases on Tanjung, Ciko, and Kencana varieties of chili in greenhouse. Microscopically, the activities of antimicrobial compounds of Ag/Cu-Chitosan nanoparticles cause a damage to the fungal hyphae which is characterized by malformations that lead to the inhibition of hyphae growth. In the petri dish it was shown by the emergence of inhibition zone in the form of clear area around the treated disc paper
Peningkatan Kualitas Air Hasil Paparan Larvasida Hayati Kulit Kayu Gemor (Nothaphoebe coriacea K.)
Get PDFBiolarvacide derived from local plant extract can be used as a vector breaker for diseases caused by mosquitoes. One of plants used as biolarvacide was gemor bark. The use of gemor bark as a biolarvacide had caused a high mortality for mosquitoes, but had lowered the quality of water exposed by this larvacide. The objective of this research was to study a method to improve water quality exposed to biolarvacide of gemor bark extract. This research used experimental methods with 5 treatments and 3 replications, while the research design was using a completely randomized design. The treatment used in this research was purification using flannel fabric, cotton fabric; adding PAC (Poly Aluminium Chloride) 10 mL, PAC 30 mL, and PAC 50 mL. The dose of biolarvacide extract used was 1600 ppm. Parameters measure were pH and turbidity. Research results showed that averages pH in G1; G2; G3; G4; and G5 were 5.67; 5.67; 7.27; 7.12; and 7.02, respectively. While the turbidities in G1; G2; G3; G4; and G5 were 471 NTU; 414.33 NTU; 8.67 NTU; 2.82 NTU; and 1.22 NTU, respectively. Based on Regulation of Health Ministery of Indonesia No. 32 year 2017 about Quality Standard of Environmental Health and Water Health Requirements for Hygiene Sanitation, Swimming Pool, Solus Per Aqua, and Public Bath, and Further Analyses, then G4 treatment can be used as alternative treatment for purification of water exposed by gemor bark larvacide
Potensi Limbah Padat Kelapa Sawit sebagai Antibrowning dan Repellent Aedes Aegypti
Get PDFA research was conducted to study the potential of solid oil palm waste as an antibrowning and as a repellent of Aedes aegypt. The amount of oil palm waste is increasing along with the expansion of oil palm plantation. A prevention method is needed to overcome solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes of oil palm which pollute the environment. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contained in solid waste of oil palm can be anaerobically fermented naturally to produce garbage enzyme which can be used as an antibrowning and as a repellent of Aedes aegypt. Browning index and polyphenol level were tested with UV Vis spectrophotometry while repellent level was tested using Aedes aegypti mosquito and a formula applied to the skin. The result showed that the acidity level (pH) was between 3.54-3.15. The highest antibrowning properties were found in oil palm fiber (SKS) and palm oil cake (BKS) with a browning index value of 0.037 with a relative inhibition (antibrowning) of 78%. Meanwhile, the highest repellent properties toward Aedes aegypti was showed by the on palm empty fruit bunch (TKS) + oil palm fiber (SKS) with 79.76% effective rejection percentage. There fore, fermented oil palm waste has an antibrowning effect and a repellent Aedes aegypti mosquito
Manfaat Ekonomi Wisata Alam pada Pemenuhan Pengeluaran Rumah Tangga dan Konservasi Taman Nasional
Get PDFThe broadening of Mount Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS) area is unseparable from the trade off between conservation interest and community’ economic interests. An alternative solution to overcome these problems is an action to conduct natural tourism activities in TNGHS. This action is also expected to encourage the participation of community in preserving national parks. The purpose of this study is to examine economic benefits of nature tourism for maintaining the function of conservation of national parks which at the same time can improve the community’ economy in TNGHS area. The methods used are income analysis which includes ratio of economic benefits from tourism activity to total income and covering of economic benefits from tourism to household expenditure and to conservation fund. The results showed that the economic benefits from natural tourism activity obtained by the community was 66% of the total income and it could also fulfil 91% of household expenditure. In addition, ecotourism activities also generate tourism revenue which is called as PNBP as much as 343% of conservation funds.
Fraksionasi Fosfor pada Profil Tanah Hutan, Wanatani, dan Tegalan di Jawa Barat
Get PDFThis study aims to evaluate the distribution of phosphorus (P) fractions within the soil horizons or profile of forest, agroforestry, and dryland in West Java and their correlations with soil chemical properties. Evaluation was based on the analytical results of soil samples taken from four soil horizons (Ao or Ap, A1 or A2, B1, and, B2) in each land use types. Fractionation of soil P was carried out using a sequential extraction method to get readily available-P (NaHCO3-P-inorganic (i)-P-organic (o)), rather available-P (NaOH-Pi-Po), slowly available-P (HCl-Pi), not available-P (residual-P), and total-P (HCl25%-P) fractions. The results showed that the average concentration of soil residual-P fraction in all land use types reached >99% of the total-P. The highest average concentration of residual-P fraction was measured in dryland, followed by forest and agroforestry. This indicated that soil P adsorption capacity was very high and resulted in a very low concentrations of the soil available-P fractions. The high concentrations of soil residual-P and total-P fractions were most probably related to P fertilizer application, particularly in dryland soil. Distributions of P fractions within the soil horizons at all land use types were significantly correlated with the concentration of soil organic matter content. It is therefore the concentration of soil NaOH-Po fraction was decreasing with the soil depths. The highest concentration was found at Ao or Ap horizon, although it was not the case for NaOH-Po fractions that was relatively constant
Perilaku Pesnorkel terhadap Ekosistem Terumbu Karang (Studi Kasus di Taman Nasional Laut Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta)
Get PDFSnorkeler behaviors which are not in accordance to snorkeling guidelines are harmful to the coral reefs ecosystem. This research aims to describe the behavior patterns of visitors when they were snorkeling, and classifying snorkeler behavior according to the potential hazard which occur in the coral reefs’ ecosystem in the Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park. Field observations shown that behavior of visitors when they were snorkeling has the same patterns that are harmful for coral reefs ecosystem when they took photo in underwater and interact with the marine biota. The act to feed fish, stepping or stand up on coral reefs, and hold coral reefs are shown by most of the snorkelers when they were snorkeling in the study location. Grouping of snorkeler behavior shown that more than part of snorkeler respondents had characteristics and perceptions that were at high risk of the possibility of non-environmentally friendly actions. Based on the risk grading matrix of snorkeler behavior, the quantity of respondents who have the potential to pose a risk behavior to the coral reef ecosystem showed 55.56% snorkeler get into a high risk category, 33.33% in the middle risk category, and 11.11% on the low risk category.That’s mean that snorkeler behavior was harmful for coral reefs ecosystem
Produktivitas Amino Acid Fish Aggregation pada Alat Tangkap Bagan Apung di Perairan Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi
Get PDFFish has two chemical sensory/receptor systems that smell (olfactory) and taste (gustatory) odor that adapt to the specific substance of the environment. In general, olfactory is similar to nasal organs for human nostrils. The olfactory receptors detect chemical stimuli in the form of electrical signals. Based on the ability of fish that can respond to chemical stimuli through the sense of smell, a substance can be used to attract the attention of fish. In response to this reality, AFA (Amino Acid Fish Aggregation) can be developed as a fish collecting tool to attract fish bu using amino acid preparation that works though the sense of smell and taste of fish. The objectives of this study were to design and produce a prototype of Amino Acid Fish Aggregation (AFA), to determine the productivity of catches of raft lift net by using AFA, and to calculate the length of the weight of the catch using AFA. The data used were catch data with weights and lengths of fish catch by raft lift net using AFA. The results showed that the AFA prototype which had a size of p x l x t : 35 x 22 x 15 cm and the highest catches was found at 18.00-00.00 WIB by using AFA with raft lift net. The catches using AFA in Palabuhanratu waters amounted to 5 types of fish, namely stolephorus sp., sardinella sp., rastrelliger kanagurta, euthynnus affinis, trichiurus sp., and positive allometrics were found in rastrelliger kanagurta and anchovy, but negative allometrics were found in euthynnus affinis, sardinella sp., and trichiurus sp
Tantangan Kelembagaan Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan pada Tingkat Tapak
Get PDFContinuous forest and land fires in Indonesia require multi-stakeholder concerns. Further, focal point should be on the grass root actors, since they are the closest to the fires, in term of location; the understand the most about the site situations, and could be the first responders to the fire events. Those actors, also could play a role as, either protagonists or antagonists, in the fire management program, depend on their situations. Based on the above narration, this research aimed to understand roles and challenges faced by those actors at the site level. This research was conducted in August-December 2017 in three villages, in Siak District, Riau is Village Penyengat, Sungai Rawa, and Rawa Mekar Jaya. The choice of location was based on comparable different fire frequencies occured among those three villages respectively the most, moderately, and the least frequent. The method utilized in this research was actor analysis. The data were collected from primary (interviews) and secondary sources (literatures). The analysis results showed that there were too many key players, influencing actors with negative roles, and actors with improper roles in the fire management activities. De-concentrating the influences of the Central Government and MoEF, as well as derivative legislations to legalize the roles of both the National Agency for Disaster Countermeasures (NADC-BNPB) and Army, to be involved in the fire management activities are also needed to solve the problems