Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Hasil Padi dan Kelimpahan Gulma dengan Aplikasi Jenis Pupuk Berbeda di Lahan Kering Tadah Hujan pada Musim Kemarau
Get PDFRice yield and proper weed control need to be increased through an environmentally friendly agricultural system approach in rainfed land during the dry season by reducing the dosage of synthetic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of different fertilizer applications on rice yield and weed abundance in rainfed land during the dry season. The study used a split-plot design, with the main plot of rice variety, i.e., Situ Bagendit and IR-64, and subplots of fertilizer, namely synthetic fertilizers (N, P, K), organic fertilizers + P60 + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizers, organic fertilizers + PGPR + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizer and organic fertilizer + P60 + PGPR + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizer with three replications. The variables observed were rice yield components, namely panicle length, total empty grain and content per panicle, grain weights per hill, effective plot and hectare, 1000 grain weight, harvest index, and weeds summed dominance ratio (SDR). The synthetic fertilizers and three various organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers, and synthetic fertilizers gave different results on the SDR of weeds. The weeds of Sphenoclea zeynalica and Cyperus difformis showed consistent dominance with higher SDR than other weeds, i.e.,> 15 and > 10, respectively. The application of organic and biological fertilizers with half the recommended dosage of the synthetic fertilizers is equivalent to applying the recommended dosage of synthetic fertilizers on rice yield during the dry season on the rainfed dryland with low rainfall intensity and a low yield of 1.3–1.7 t/ha.
Keywords: biological fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizers, rice, weed
Seleksi Generasi F2 untuk Mendapatkan Jagung dengan Kandungan Antosianin
Get PDFPurple corn is one type of corn plant with high anthocyanin content, which is good for health. Hybridization activities can obtain purple corn with anthocyanin content and yield power of 9.85 tons/ha with selection. This study aims to select F2 generation corn strains that have a purple color. The genetic materials were planted without replicated design. The lines used are derived from the F2 seed results of a cross between purple corn of Marassempulu and white corn of Magetan. There were 120 plant samples. The results showed about 24 lines that had purple seeds in the F2 generation. The selection results with a selection intensity of 50% obtained 12 lines of corn which could be continued for the next generation, namely F2-PxU11-14, F2-PxU11-20, F2-PxU11-21, F2-PxU6-15, F2-PxU11-2, F2-PxU6-16, F2-PxU11-13, F2-PxU11-11, F2-PxU6-5, F2-PxU6-8, F2-PxU11-6, and F2-PxU11-16.
Kata kunci: corn, free-based, hybridization, purple, selectio
Pengelolaan Tanah dalam Pengetahuan Lokal dan Praktik Pertanian Berkelanjutan pada Masyarakat Arfak, Papua Barat
Get PDFLahan sebagai salah satu faktor produksi membutuhkan pengelolaan yang baik terutama di daerah Pegunungan Arfak yang bertopografi ekstrem. Keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi di sini menjadikan wilayah ini sebagai daerah konservasi dan iklimnya membuat Pegunungan Arfak menjadi sentra produksi sayuran dataran tinggi di Provinsi Papua Barat. Penelitian di kampung Indud, Ubesia dan Taigei, ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bagaimana petani Arfak menerapkan pengetahuan lokal mereka, yakni konsep igya ser hanjob dalam mengelola tanah guna mendukung usaha tani sayuran dataran tinggi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode induktif dan teknik studi kasus untuk mendokumentasikan pengetahuan dan pengalaman 30 orang petani Arfak dalam sistem usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi yang dipilih dengan teknik snowball. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara (individu dan kelompok) dan pengamatan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pengelolaan tanah berkelanjutan dalam kegiatan usaha tani sayuran dataran tinggi berbasis pada konsep ekologi masyarakat Arfak, yakni igya ser hanjob. Konsep ini mengatur wilayah kelola yang tepat untuk keperluan pertanian subsisten dan menjamin keberlanjutan lingkungan serta keberlanjutan pangan bagi keluarga. Konsep ekologis tersebut disosialisasikan secara turun temurun oleh perempuan sebagai salah satu penjaga pengetahuan lokal masyarakat Arfak. Namun, dalam kenyataannya terdapat ancaman terutama pemekaran wilayah dan proses transfer pengetahuan terhadap praktik pertanian subsisten yang berkelanjutan berdasarkan konsep ekologi masyarakat Arfak.
Kata kunci: Igya ser hanjob, masyarakat adat arfak, pertanian berkelanjutan, pengetahuan loka
Kandungan Logam Kadmium (Cd) pada Air Laut, Sedimen, dan Kerang Hijau di Perairan Tambak Lorok dan Perairan Morosari
Get PDFCadmium metal is dangerous for green mussel organisms because it can interfere with fertility. Green mussels are organisms widely distributed, can survive in poor environments, and sedentary organisms. Green shellfish is a filter feeder and is used as a bioindicator to monitor the concentration of Cd metal in the waters. The research objective was to measure the concentration of Cd metal in sea water, sediment, and green mussel meat in the waters of Tambak Lorok and Morosari. The Cd metal contents of seawater, sediments, and green mussels were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that Cd metal concentrations in seawater in May, July, and August 2018 in Tambak Lorok and Morosari waters were below the detection limit (0.001mg/L); 0.002 mg/L; and 0.002 mg/L, respectively. The concentrations of cadmium in sediment in May, July, and August in Tambak Lorok waters were below the detection limit (0.004 mg/kg); 0.0023 mg/kg; and 0.0021 mg/kg, respectively, and in Morosari waters were below the detection limit (0.004 mg/kg); 0.002 mg/kg; and 0.0114 mg/kg, respectively. Cd metal concentrations in green mussel meats in May, July, and August in Tambak Lorok waters were below the detection limit (0.01mg/kg); 0.0060; and 0.1277 mg/kg, respectively, and in Morosari water were below the detection limit (0.01mg/kg); 0.0067 mg/kg; and 0.0493 mg/kg, respectively. Cd metal concentrations in sea water and green mussels in the waters of Tambak Lorok and Morosari were below the quality standard and the concentrations of Cd metal in seawater, sediments, and green mussel meat in the waters of Tambak Lorok and Morosari were not significantly different.
Keywords: cadmium, green mussels, morosari, seawater, sediments, Tambak Loro
Analisis Kinerja Petugas Pengendali Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan di Kabupaten Subang
Get PDFPetugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) pegawai negri sipil memiliki tugas pokok dan fungsi melakukan pengamatan, pengendalian OPT dan dampak perubahan iklim. Provinsi Jawa Barat hanya memiliki 122 orang petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan pegawai negri sipil, 123 orang petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan tenaga harian lepas yang membawahi 626 kecamatan. Jumlah tersebut setiap tahunnya akan terus berkurang, sehingga wilayah pengamatan setiap petugas akan menjadi lebih luas yang berakibat menurunnya tingkat efisiensi, akurasi, dan efektivitas pengamatan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kinerja petugas POPT di era digital saat ini dalam melakukan pengamatan dan peramalan OPT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penentuan responden berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling, responden merupakan petugas POPT dengan jumlah 30 petugas. Hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) menggunakan software Expert Choice. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan di Kabupaten Subang saat ini didominasi petugas yang berumur 21-30 tahun, pendidikan SMK/SMA dan S1, rata-rata pengalaman 5-10 tahun, dan status jabatan fungsional terbesar pada tenaga harian lepas. Analisis AHP menunjukkan kinerja petugas dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor dengan rasio konsistensinya 0,02, yaitu pelaporan dengan bobot prioritas 16%, fasilitas 15,6%, dan pengalaman 13,4%
Penggunaan UV-Vis Spektroskopi dan Kemometrika untuk Uji Keaslian Kopi Codot Lampung
Get PDFCodot coffee from Tanggamus, Lampung is one of Indonesian specialty coffee with a very limited production. In this research, an authentication study for the Codot ground roasted coffee was conducted using UV-vis spectroscopy and chemometrics. A total of 330 samples of pure and adulterated Codot coffee was prepared. The adulterated Codot coffee samples were intentionally created by adding a regular coffee (non-Codot coffee) into pure Codot coffee samples with three levels of adulterations: low (10-20%), medium (30-40%), and high level (50-60%). All samples were 0,29 mm in particle size. The extraction procedure was performed with hot distilled water (98°C). The spectral data of coffee samples were acquired using a benchtop UV-visible spectrometer in the range of 190-1100 nm using a transmittance mode. The result showed that the pure and adulterated samples could be discriminated along PC1 and PC2 axis. The classification model was developed using LDA with 90,91% of accuracy could be obtained. The LDA model was used to classify the new samples and resulted in a sensitivity (SEN) of 100%, specificity (SPEC) of 76,67%, precision (PREC) of 78,13%, and accuracy (ACC) of 87,27% could be obtained. Using PLS regression, a PLS model was developed to quantify the percentages of Codot coffee adulteration and resulted in high of coefficient of determination both in calibration and validation (R2kal = 0,99 and R2val = 0,98). These results showed that UV-vis spectroscopy and chemometrics are suitable for authentication of Codot specialty coffee with RMSEP = 2,68% and RPD in prediction of 6,49.
Keywords: authentication, LDA, PCA, PLS regression, UV-vis spectroscop
Peningkatan Kadar Zn Beras Pecah-Kulit pada Sistem Penggenangan Berselang Melalui Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Diperkaya Zn Heptahidrat
Get PDFZn levels in rice are essential for maintaining consumer health. However, Zn deficient plants can reduce levels of Zn in grains and the ability of plants to express their genetic potentials. This study examines the use of cow manure enriched with Zn heptahydrate on increasing Zn levels of broken skin rice. The experiment was arranged in a randomized single factor group design with seven levels of manure dose treatment, namely: 0; 2.5; 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15 tons ha-1, with 3 replications. Spacing was 30 cm x 30 cm with a size of 3 m x 4 m. The parameters observed were plant growth, the weight of 1,000-grain, percentage of empty grain, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance with a confidence interval of 5%, followed by the Duncan test of 5%. The results showed that the application of cow manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 enriched by 5 kg ha-1 Zn heptahydrate could increase the number of productive tillers, weight of 1,000-grains, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice as well as suppress the grainy rice grain of Mekongga variety of lowland rice on the intermittent flooding.
Keywords: brownrice, cow manure, irrigation system, Zn heptahydrat
Sensitivitas dan Kelayakan Indeks Biotik Menggunakan Makroavertebrata untuk Menentukan Status Kesehatan Sungai
Get PDFWater-quality monitoring using macroinvertebrates has been developed by several countries to determine their water qualities. Meanwhile in Indonesia, water quality monitoring has not been developed to adapt to Indonesia’s natural conditions. Some researchers use the existing biotic indices such as FBI, LQI, SIGNAL, and others. Therefore, this study aims to determine the status of water quality using several biotic indices and to compare the sensitivity and feasibility of indices on monitoring activities using simple matrix and Pearson correlation test. The interpretation results of FBI, LQI, and Singscore to determine water quality on each station in Brantas, Opak, Progo, and Cileungsi Rivers were different. The Pearson’s correlations test showed that the sensitivities are different between rivers. Those results are affected by the river conditions and also the activities around the rivers which release the pollution into the river. The FBI index showed the greatest score number of sensitivities among the other indexes.
Keywords: macroinvertebrate, monitoring, river, sensitivit
Pertumbuhan Batang Bawah Karet pada Beberapa Komposisi Media Tanam dalam Root Trainer
Get PDFThe rubber tree rootstock nursery using the root trainer method is aimed to promote root growth through the use of non-soil growing media in a special container. This technology offers the advantages of a shortened breeding process, good rooting, and ease of delivery. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the planting media composition of oil palm bunches compost, manure, rice husk, solid decanter, and Trichoderma viride on the growth of rubber rootstock under the root trainer method. The research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Sungei Putih Research Center, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra in January-May 2019. The observation included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, dry weight, and root length, and successful grafting percentage. The results indicated that the mixture of oil palm bunches compost, solid decanter, and Trichoderma viride (Te treatment) was the most potential to be developed as a planting media for rubber rootstock nursery under root trainer system. At 18 weeks after planting, the Te treatment had an average height of 82.66 + 14.27 cm with an increment rate of 3.25 + 0.81 cm/week, number of leaves 11.33 + 3.21 leaves with the increment of 0.52 + 0.20 leaves/week, stem diameter 5.29 + 0.73 mm with an increase of 0.33 + 0.05 mm/week. The Te treatment had a length and root weight of 41.97 + 2.40 cm and 1.68 + 0.77 g, respectively, with the grafting successfulness percentage of 47.37%. Besides showing good growth, these materials are also available in large and continuous quantities. The use of Trichoderma viride not only for increasing plant growth but also as a biocontrol of white root disease.
Keywords: growth, growing media, Hevea brasiliensis, rootstock, root traine
Komunitas Fitoplankton dan Konsentrasi Nutrien di Waduk Jatigede
Get PDFJatigede reservoir is a new reservoir in West Java Province. There is not much information about phytoplankton and nutrients in this reservoir. The aim of the research was to study the relationship between phytoplankton community and nutrient in the reservoir. The research was conducted during the dry season, from September to October 2018. Analyzed parameters were phytoplankton abundance, diversity and dominance index, orthophosphate, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonium. Reservoir zonation was divided by cluster analysis. The relationship between phytoplankton and nutrients was analyzed by principal component analysis and Pearson’s correlation test. Phytoplankton in Jatigede Reservoir consisted of Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophycea, Dinophyceae, and Euglenophyceae within 20333‒25308 cell/L. Nitrate concentration ranged within 0.6684‒3.6115 mg/L. Nitrite concentration ranged between 0.0544‒0.2301 mg/L and ammonium ranged within 0.00538‒0.2460 mg/L. The strongest correlation between phytoplankton and nutrients were shown by Cyanophyceae and Dinophyceae, especially with the concentration of orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium (r > 0,78).
Keywords: Cyanophyceae, orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrit