Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Keragaan Permesinan dan Keteguhan Rekat Kayu Jati Cepat Tumbuh Terdensifikasi
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to analyze machining performance (characteristic and quality), as well as bonding quality of densified wood, and then compared to those of un-treated (control) wood and boron-treated wood. Characteristic and quality of machining properties were directly evaluated by qualified technician during processing, while bonding quality was evaluated through its shear strength. The results showed that densification employed was able to improve machining performance and bonding quality of the 5-year-old faster-grown teakwood. Compared to control wood and boron-treated wood, machining performances of densified teakwood are greater, while bonding quality increased by 18.79 and 26.86%, respectively. The surface became much fine and even, and has similar colour to older teakwood. Analysis hierarchy process (AHP) proves that densified teakwood is the best raw material for furniture manufacturing since its machining performances, appearance, colour, and bonding quality are better either than control wood or boron-treated wood.
Keywords: AHP, bonding quality, densification, faster-grown teakwood, machining performanc
Budi daya Terapung Tanaman Sawi Hijau dengan Perbedaan Dosis Pupuk NPK, Ukuran Polibag, dan Waktu Pemupukan
Get PDFCultivation of mustards green on floating raft is one of alternative cultivations which is applied by traditional farmers during flooding period in Riparian Wetland. The cultivation will increase Cropping Index and farmer’s income. The objective of this research is to evaluate growth and yield of mustards green on floating cultivation with the application of different NPK doses, polybag sizes, and fertilization times to find cultivation of mustards green which effective and efficient. This research was conducted on October 2016–February 2017 in Jakabaring Facility (104°46’44” E; 3°01’35” S) and Kimia Hasil Pertanian (LKHP) Laboratory, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang. This research consisted of two steps. The first experiment used a completely randomized design with four doses of NPK (16:16:16) namely 0 (control), 5, 10, and 15 g plant-1. The second experiment used a Split Plot Design consisted of two factors namely polybag size (A1 and A2) and fertilization time (F1, F2, and F3). The result of the first experiment showed that utilization three doses of NPK significantly increased shoot length, number of leaves, and fresh weight compared control. The second experiment showed that polybag size and fertilization time did not significantly affect growth and yield parameters. Utilization of 5 g plant-1 of NPK on 1 week after transplanting (WAT) which used polybag size of 30 x 30 cm on growing media consisted of soil, manure, and rice husk (1:1:1/v:v:v) produced an effective and efficient cultivation of mustards green.
Keywords: fertilizing, floating cultivation, green mustard, NP
Analisis Permintaan Bubuk Kayu Manis Indonesia di Pasar Dunia
Get PDFBubuk kayu manis (kode HS 090620) adalah salah satu produk turunan rempah yang paling banyak diekspor oleh Indonesia dan volumenya menurun dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dibandingkan negara pesaingnya, yaitu Vietnam. Analisis permintaan dilakukan untuk menilai posisi persaingan pasar bubuk kayu manis Indonesia di pasar dunia menggunakan metode almost ideal demand systems. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pada pasar Amerika Serikat dan Jerman, Indonesia menjadi eksportir tebesar, sedangkan pada pasar Kanada, bubuk kayu manis Vietnam menempati posisi tertinggi. Berdasarkan elastisitas permintaan, bubuk kayu manis Indonesia adalah produk yang bersifat inelastis dan saling bersubtitusi dengan pesaingnya, yaitu Vietnam di pasar importir Amerika Serikat, Jerman, dan Kanada. Agar dapat terus berdaya saing dalam perdagangan bubuk kayu manis, perlu ada perbaikan mutu produk sesuai dengan sertifikasi internasional serta menjalin kerja sama bilateral.
Kata kunci: almost ideal demand systems model, bubuk kayu manis, pasar, persainga
Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Pola Tanam Berbasis Padi Gogo di Maluku
Get PDFThe upland rice-based cropping pattern is a form of double cropping or crop rotation in which upland rice as a basic commodity (base crop) which can be preceded or alternated with other food crops as a secondary crop. This study was conducted on dry land agro-ecosystems in the Tanimbar Islands Regency (West Southeast Maluku), from March to December 2017. This study was an adaptive research with a field experiment approach in farmer\u27s land. The objective of this research was to obtain the most profitable cropping patterns, efficiency in land use and economically also has the highest net profit so it is appropriate to be recommended as a technology innovation for upland rice-based cropping patterns in dry land. The results showed that upland rice which was cultivated in multiple ways through intercropping or overlapped cropping, namely Introduced Cropping Pattern 1 (Upland Rice + Maize-Peanuts) and Introduced Cropping Pattern 2 (Upland Rice + Corn/Cassava-Green Beans-Peanuts) can increase land productivity (index planting of 222% and 288%, respectively) and farmers\u27 income increased by 244-588% compared to upland rice grown in monoculture. Multiple cropping patterns can be recommended as a technology package for upland rice-based cropping patterns on dry land because of its efficiency in the use of production costs and land use. Furthermore, it gave the highest farm income of IDR63,933,100,-/ha/year with a net profit of IDR45,716,380,-/ha/year or IDR15,238,793,-/ha/ cropping season.
Keywords: cropping pattern, farming, land use, upland ric
The In Vitro Screening of Drought Tolerant Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L) of the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies - IPB collections
No full textIn supporting the replacement of potato varieties with the varieties that are adaptive to drought, effective and fast methods are needed. One of which is through in vitro screening of drought-tolerant genotypes. The aims of this research were to determine the appropriate concentration of sorbitol as a critical limit in the in vitro screening process of drought-tolerant genotypes, as well as to determine vegetative characteristics that could be used as indicators of in vitro selection and also to obtain in vitro drought-tolerant genotypes. To achieve these objectives, we used single-nodal explants of seven genotypes cultured for six weeks on MS media added with four levels of sorbitol concentration. Of the four treatments, sorbitol level that could distinguish susceptible and tolerant plants was 0.2 M sorbitol and at this concentration, the characteristics that showed significant interactions were plant height and root length, so that both characteristics could be used as selection indicators for the analysis of tolerance tests for the seven genotypes. The results of tolerance test using the analysis of relative decline and stress-susceptibility index (SSI) showed that PKHT4 and PKHT6 were the genotypes that were tolerant in vitro.
Keywords: drought tolerant, in vitro, Solanum tuberosum, sorbito
Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Wisata Bahari di Pulau Pari, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu
Get PDFPari Island has considerable natural resource potential, so that it has the potential to have socio-economic impacts on the local community if managed properly. The current management of Pari Island is indeed focused on the management of marine tourism, and this activity has been going on for a long time and has had a very significant impact on the economic sector in Pari Island. On the other hand, marine tourism activities in Pari Island are feared to have an impact on the ecological sector, so that to achieve sustainable management, good supervision and control is needed so that its potential is maintained. The purpose of this research is to see the status of socio-economic and ecological sustainability as a result of the development of marine tourism in Pari Island. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with the people of Pari Island, apart from that the data were also obtained from primary and secondary data related to socio-ecology. To assess the level of sustainability in each dimension, a Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis was carried out, in order to obtain two dimensions that had a value below 75%, namely the institutional dimension which had a value of 27.3% (bad), and the infrastructure dimension which had a value. 73.3% (Enough). Meanwhile, the other 3 dimensions, such as the ecological, economic, and social dimensions, show that the value is in the continuous category, namely> 75% so that it is very supportive of the sustainability of marine tourism business management.
Keywords: impact of marine tourism development, marine tourism, Pari Island, sustainable managemen
Dendrochronological study of Cedrus deodar Grown at Kumrat valley Dir Upper KPK, Pakistan: Evaluation of Tree Age and Increment Based on Increment Core
Get PDFThe present research was conducted for tree-rings study in a mixed stand of Himalayan Species Credur deodar in Kumrat valley Dir Upper KPK, Pakistan. Tree-rings analysis was related to the counting of tree ring. Random sampling method was used, and 70 sample trees were selected, tree heights and diameters were measured, and increment cores were collected from each sample-tree diameter at the height at breast point to be analyzed and studied in the laboratory. The objectives of the study were to determine the exact age of tree and to evaluate total and mean annual increment in the basal area and tree volume based on the increment cores. Regression models revealed the impacts of tree age on the basal area and tree-volume increment. Results showed the minimum basal-area increment was 0.0028 m2 at the age of 10 years, the maximum basal-area increment was 2.658 m2 at the age of 60 years, with mean was 0.95±0.677 m2 at the age of 36 years and R2 was 0.9593. The maximum tree-volume increment was 1.42 m3 at the age of 60 years, the minimum tree-volume increment was 0.010 m3 at the age of 10 years, with mean was 1.35±0.96 m3 at the age of 36 years and R2 was 0.9167. The minimum mean annual-basal area increment was 0.0027 m2, the maximum mean annual-basal area increment was 0.048 m2, and the average increment was 0.022±0.010 m2. The maximum mean-annual increment in tree volume was 0.068 m3 at the age of 60 years, the minimum mean-annual increment was 0.0039 m3 at the age of 10 years, with mean was 0.032±0.014 m3 at the age of 36 years and R2 was 0.8903. Results showed a strong positive relationship of tree age with area and volume increment.
Keywords: Basal area, increment, tree age, volum
Produksi dan Pemurnian Xilooligosakarida dari Xilan Tongkol Jagung menggunakan Xilanase Streptomyces P26B4 dan Khamir IP4
Get PDFXylooligosaccharides (XOS) are sugar oligomers from xylan that can be used as prebiotics to improve digestive tract health. Xylan can be extracted from corncobs which are a by-product of agriculture. The purpose of this study was to produce XOS through hydrolysis of corn cobs xylan using Streptomyces P26B4 xylanase. The products of hydrolysis also consisted of monomer xylose; for that xilooligosaccharides were purified using yeast IP4. The xylan hydrolysis products are quantitatively analyzed based on the value of reducing sugars and degree of polymerization (DP), strengthened qualitatively with TLC. Sugar component was analyzed after the addition of yeast by HPLC. P26B4 xylanase isolates had the highest activity on the 7th day incubation, pH 5,5 buffer citrate and temperature of 50°C. The lowest DP value of xylan hydrolysis was 2.49 at a concentration of 6%, and the 24th hour of incubation. TLC chromatograms showed that xylose and XOS products were produced. Purification of XOS at 6%, showed a decreasing in the area of xylose before and after receiving yeast respectively 1.87% and 1.41%.Therefore, yeast IP4 has the potential to consume xylose amnd purify the XOS.
Keywords: corncobs xylan, IP4 yeast, purification, Streptomyces P26B4 xylanase, xylooligosaccharide
Pengelolaan dan Analisis Nilai Tambah By-Products Industri Gula (Studi Kasus di Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep, Mojokerto, Jawa Timur)
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The sugar industry is one of the agriculture-based industries which use sugar cane as a raw material to produce sugar. The processing of sugar cane into sugar generates by-products such as bagasse, molasses, and filter cake which will cause environmental pollution if they are untreated. This research identified the utilization pattern of sugar industry by-products in Gempolkrep Sugar Factory and analyzed the added value from by-products utilization using Hayami Method. Based on the utilization pattern at Gempolkrep Sugar Factory, bagasse is used as an alternative raw material for electricity generation. Filter cake is used as raw material for compost fertilizer. Molasses is used as a raw material for bioethanol manufacture. The added value obtained from processing filter cake into compost is IDR141.335 per ton, while bioethanol products from molasses provide an added value of IDR752.645 per ton.
Keywords: bagasse, bioethanol, filter cake, Hayami method, molasses, value adde
Segi Hayati dan Tingkat Eksploitasi Rajungan Hijau (Thalamita crenata) di Teluk Kendari
Get PDFRajungan hijau (Thalamita crenata) merupakan salah satu spesies tangkapan sampingan (bycatch) utama perikanan rajungan, dan kajian tentang segi hayati dan tingkat eksploitasinya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi ukuran, nisbah kelamin, perkembangan gonad, musim pemijahan, dan tingkat eksploitasi spesies tersebut di Teluk Kendari. Sampel diambil setiap bulan pada lima lokasi pendaratan penangkapan rajungan. Tingkat eksploitasi rajungan hijau dianalisis dengan konversi kurva hasil tangkapan ke panjang dengan FISAT II. Data ditampilkan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan periode sampling. Ukuran karapas hewan jantan lebih besar daripada betina dan betina oviger, dan nisbah kelaminnya tidak seimbang antara jantan dan betina. Perkembangan gonad hewan jantan, serta ovarium betina, dan betina oviger didominasi yang matang, dan musim pemijahannya berlangsung sepanjang tahun. Tingkat eksploitasi rajungan hijau di Teluk Kendari telah lebih tangkap (overfishing), sehingga perlu dikendalikan penangkapannya.
Kata kunci: nisbah kelamin, musim pemijahan, tangkapan sampingan, tingkat eksploitasi, Thalamita crenat