Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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The Spatial Effect of Agricultural Sector Growth in West Java: A Spatial Approach to Panel Data
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The agricultural sector is strategic and the third-largest contributor to the GRDP of West Java Province, but its growth has slowed during the 2016–2019 period. The slow growth rate can be caused by the determinants of the growth of the agricultural sector itself and is very likely to be affected by the spatial interaction between regions in the province. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the spatial effect between regions on the growth of the agricultural sector in West Java and identify the factors that influence the growth of the agricultural sector within the province by using spatial analysis of panel data. The results reveal that the appropriate model is a fixed effect spatial error model, which shows an effect of spatial interaction between regions on the growth of the agricultural sector in West Java Province. The factors that affect the growth of the agricultural sector are agricultural credit, agricultural road infrastructure, and diversification of economic activities.
Keywords: agricultural sector growth, spatial autoregressive, spatial error model, spatial panel dat
Evaluasi Pakan Daun Ubi Jalar dan Daun Singkong pada Kualitas Telur Itik yang Disimpan pada Suhu 5°C
Get PDFEgg yolks contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that are easily oxidized during storage, so they must be protected. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding containing sweet potato leaves meal (TDU) and cassava leaves meal (TDS) on the quality of duck eggs stored at 5 °C for 8 weeks. This study used a completely randomized design, 6 ´ 3 factorial design with 4 replications. Factor A was feed treatment (R0 = control feed without TDU or TDS; R1 = feed containing 0% TDU and 10% TDS; R3 = feed containing 5% TDU and 0% TDS; R4 = feed containing 5% TDU and 5% TDS; R5 = f eed containing 5% TDU and 10% TDS). Factor B was egg storage time (0, 4, and 8 weeks). A total of 144 duck eggs were used in this study. The results showed no interaction between the supplementation of TDU and TDS with the storage time on the quality of stored eggs. Supplementation of TDU or TDS or their combination significantly (p<0.05) increased the yolk score and yolk egg weight. Storage time for 4 and 8 weeks significantly (p<0.05) decreased egg weight, shell percentage, egg white percentage and weight, Haugh unit, and egg yolk score, but significantly (p<0.05) increased egg yolk percentage and weight. This study concluded that supplementing 5% sweet potato leaves meal and 10% cassava leaves meal resulted in the highest egg yolk color score. Storage time for 4 weeks can still maintain duck eggs with AA quality.
Keywords: cassava leaves, duck eggs quality, storage, sweet potato leave
Effective Behavior of Insects Pollinators of Flowers in Gadung Mango Clone 21 Variety
Get PDFPollinating insects are referred as support services, namely services by the processes in the ecosystems that support human well-being by maintaining or enhancing ecosystem services. The availability of flowers, diversity, and behavior of visiting pollinator insects affect the effectiveness of pollination to increase the formation of fruit sets of mango plants. The purpose of this study is to observe the behavior of pollinator insects visiting the mango gadung clone 21 varieties and their effectiveness in increasing the formation of fruit sets. Research has been carried out on two flower seasons: March-May (Off season) and July-September (On season) 2020. Visiting behaviors observed were the number of visits per minute (foraging rate) and the length of visit per flower (flower handling time). Pollination effectiveness was measured from the number of fruit sets formed from the open flower panicles and confined with a tangerine gauze. The results of the study obtained seven species including Apis sp., Trigona sp., Xylocopa sp., Polistes sp. 1, Polistes sp. 2, Chrysomya sp., and Eristalis sp. Visits of pollinating insects on the highest number of mango panicle flowers were (31.69 ± 7.69) flowers / 60 seconds by Trigona sp insects, and the lowest numbers were (2.70 ± 0.67) flowers / 60 seconds by Eristalis sp. insects. The longest visits of pollinator insects on mango flowers were obtained by Eristalis sp for (25.3 ± 8.50) sec/individual/flower and the shortest visits were by Trigona sp for (1.8 ± 0.63) seconds/individual/flower. Insect pollination increases fruit formation by 267.5%.
Keywords: insect visits, pollinating insects, fruit formation, gadung 21 varieties mang
Kajian Penerapan Teknologi Pengendalian Penyakit pada Pembibitan Sengon di Bogor
Get PDFSengon (Falcataria moluccana) cultivations still have to face threats from plant diseases. Diseases can be found in nurseries and plantation. Biological agents can be used to control various types of plant diseases and have various advantages. The use of biological agents in forestry plantations must consider the aspects of effectiveness and efficiency. This study aims to examine the effect of various treatment of control technology packages on the incidence of major diseases, and to determine the financial feasibility of various disease control technology packages for sengon in nurseries. The research was conducted through interviews to explore cultivation techniques and production costs. In addition, experiments were carried out on the application of various disease control strategies using commercial formulations of biological agents. The commercial formulations of biological agents used were Rhizomax, Primagrain, Trichowish, Kayabio, Bio-Hara Plus, and fungicide Dithane M-45 80 WP. There were two treatment packages of new technology that have an effect on increasing the growth of sengon at the beginning of growth stage, namely P1 (BioHara Plus and KayaBio) and P2 (Rhizomax and Primagrain) treatments. All treatments of the new technology package had no significant effect on increasing the survival rate and suppressing the incidence and severity of disease in sengon seedlings. All new technology package treatments can generate profits even though the value is smaller when compared to existing technology treatments. All the new technology package treatments have an R/C ratio of more than 1 so that they are feasible to be applied by farmers.
Keywords: biological control, feasibility, plant diseases, nurseries, Falcataria moluccan
Strategi Kebijakan Impor Sapi Berbasis Manajemen Risiko di Masa Pandemi
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze potential risks and risk mitigation in the company\u27s supply chain to minimize the company\u27s potential losses and develop a policy strategy for importing feeder cattle during the COVID-19 pandemic as a framework (blueprint) for company readiness in the future as well as in handling food security, especially to meet the domestic demand for beef, which is currently only able to meet 70% of the total demand. In the early stages of the research, the House of Risk (HOR) method is employed to identify risk variables (risk events and risk agents) and risk mitigation. The results obtained from the risk analysis are used to develop corporate policy strategies. The results of the ANP-BOCR analysis show that the policy strategy that is set as the highest priority is the improvement and enhancement of operation and production processes (PPOP). The alternative policy strategy with the lowest priority is implementing a Go-Public (KGP) policy. Improvement and enhancement of operation and production processes carried out in the company include: 1) application of complete feed; 2) production efficiency and mechanization; and 3) implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) and Digitalization. The results of the Rater Agreement (W) show that all respondents (experts) have a fairly high agreement on the priority of the policy strategy set, with Kendall\u27s W coefficient value of 0.5.
Keywords: analytic network process, BOCR, Covid-19, house of ris
Respons Tanaman Sorgum atas Aplikasi Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Gradien Konsentrasi N dan P
Get PDFSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a multipurpose food crop that can adapt to climate change. Sorghum productivity can be increased by applying chemical fertilizers and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF). This research aimed to assess the effect of AMF application and N and P concentration gradients to support Super 2 and KS sorghum accession growth. The plants were grown in a sterilized zeolite (coarse and fine) and inoculated with Glomus mosseae 40 spores per pot. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 40 treatments and three replications. N and P concentration gradient treatments were carried out using a dose level of fertilizer N (urea) and P (TSP) at 12,5%; 50%; 75%; 100%; and 125%. Analysis of variance was carried out using SAS 9.0 software at a level of 5%, and the results were significantly different, followed by DMRT. The application of AMF and urea 50% and TSP 75% in Super 2 accessions and urea 50% and TSP 50% in KS accessions gave the highest plant height and biomass. However, the increase in sorghum growth did not correlate with root colonization and root length, which could be seen that the highest in both accessions were obtained at urea 12,5% and TSP 12,5%. The application of AMF can significantly lower the use of urea and TSP fertilizers by up to 50% compared to a positive control (urea and TSP 100%) and support sorghum growth in both accessions.
Keywords: Glomus mosseae, Konawe Selatan accession, Super 2 accession, TSP, ure
Bacillus endophyticus: Symbiotic Bacterium in Subterranean Termites Intestine (Blattodea: Termitoidae) from Bogor, Indonesia
Get PDFRayap merupakan serangga sosial yang berperan penting dalam perputaran siklus nutrisi. Di dalam sistem pencernaan rayap, terdapat simbion yang membantu proses degradasi selulosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi bakteri simbion yang terdapat di dalam saluran cerna rayap tanah. Penelitian diawali dengan koleksi rayap tanah di Kampus IPB University, diikuti isolasi bakteri simbion dari saluran cerna belakang (proktodeum) yang kemudian diidentifikasi berdasarkan morfologi, fisiologi, dan molekuler menggunakan gen 16S rRNA. Enam rayap tanah yang diperoleh adalah Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes javanicus, Microtermes insperatus, dan Capritermes mohri (Famili Termitidae); Schedorhinotermes javanicus dan Coptotermes curvignathus (Famili Rhinotermitidae). Dari enam rayap diperoleh 43 isolat dan satu isolat yang memiliki karakter umum. Isolat bakteri kode 8A_27F berwarna putih, elevasi seperti tombol dengan tepian licin. Dari uji fisiologis, isolat ini termasuk ke dalam bakteri Gram positif, berspora, dan bersifat aerob. Identifikasi dengan gen 16S rRNA menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri tersebut memiliki tingkat kemiripan sebesar 98% dengan spesies Bacillus endophyticus.
Kata kunci: bakteri, rayap, 16S rRNA, simbion, proktodeu
Tata Pamong Kolaboratif dalam Pengembangan Agrowisata “Kebun Desa” di Desa Tulungrejo, Kota Batu
Get PDFThe development of the current development paradigm puts the government not only as a single actor but must be able to involve the community and other stakeholders. Collaborative governance can be used as one of the government\u27s options in developing a model of government collaboration with stakeholders. However, the practice is not easy to apply, one of which is developing village garden agrotourism in Tulungrejo Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City. This study aims to identify factors that influence the collaborative governance model and measure the feasibility of the model in the development of Village Garden agrotourism. This research uses quantitative methods with a case study approach. The data were analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM) with the smart partial software tool least square-structural equation model (Smart PLS-SEM). The results showed that five factors affect collaborative governance, and it is known that commitment to process has the most significant real effect that is realized on the dependence between the factors involved and working together to achieve goals. As indicated by the normed fit index, the feasibility of the model is 48%, which is in the medium category. During the agrotourism research process, the Village Garden is still in the development stage and still requires further development.
Keywords: Agrotourism, Collaborative governance, Kebun des
Rancangan Mini Ekosistem bagi Budi Daya Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dan Tanaman Genjer (Limnocharis flava) di dalam Ember yang Dilengkapi dengan Sistem Peringatan Amonia
Get PDFEnvironmental conditions and fish stocking density in tilapia cultivation (Oreochromis niloticus) are important factors in determining the success of the cultivation process and supporting optimal fish growth. This study used four treatments, namely A, B, C, and D, for 3, 5, 7, and 9 fish, respectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of raccoon tail plants (Ceratophyllum demersum) and genjer plants (Limnocharis flava) on tilapia mortality, determine the ratio of feed conversion and the effect on ammonia concentrations, determine the effect of ammonia concentrations on the productivity of genjer plants, determine the warning system modeling on ammonia concentrations, as well as calculate mass and energy balance in the cultivation system of tilapia and genjer. The result is that the planting of raccoon tails and genjer in the system significantly affects tilapia mortality. The average value of feed conversion ratio from treatments A, B, C, and D were 1.75; 1.36; 3.51; and 2.87, respectively. The effect is significant and directly proportional to ammonia concentration and genjer productivity. The ammonia warning system modeling is in the form of linear equations, namely y = 0.2085x - 0.0193 with R2 = 0.9692. This system\u27s balance of mass and energy can be divided into three subsystems, namely, fish acclimatization, fish cultivation, and genjer cultivation.
Keywords: ammonia, genjer, modelling, tilapi
Klasifikasi Habitat Bentik Berdasarkan Citra Sentinel-2 di Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggara
Get PDFImagery classification has long been used in analyzing remote sensing data. The use of the classification algorithm model can affect the results in interpreting benthic habitats in shallow water. This study aimed to determine the best classification algorithm model for mapping benthic habitat cover through Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. Three algorithm models were employed: Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC), Minimum Distance Classification (MDC), and Mahalanobis Distance Classification (MaDC). The benthic habitat types were extracted using Lyzenga correction, giving three categories: coral, seagrass, and sand. The results showed that the application algorithm models of the MLC, MDC, and MaDC on the benthic habitat mapping resulted in an accuracy value that was not significantly different at the 95% confidence interval. However, of the three algorithms used, the MaDC algorithm provides the best results in overall accuracy (78.35%) than the MDC (74.45%) and the MLC (74.33%). It shows that the MaDC algorithm can be referred to as the mapped benthic habitat cover in the Kei Islands. However, this algorithm model needs to be continuously studied and compared to other models in other locations.
Keywords: benthic, habitat classification, Kei Islands, sentine