Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
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Aplikasi Gipsum pada Kultivar Padi Tahan Salin
Get PDFGlobal climate change is predicted to increase the marginal land area, especially saline land, which affects the productivity of rice yields, so proper land management and tolerant varieties are needed. This study aimed to compare saline-tolerant cultivars and productivity at several concentrations of gypsum applications. The research was conducted on saline paddy soil in Cinta Raja Village, East Langsa District, Langsa City. We used fourteen cultivars studied, i.e., Batang Hari, Mendawak, Malaisia, Beres, Siak Raya, Martapura, Dendang, Air Tenggulan, Lambur, Banyuasin, Panasur, Impari, Indra Giri, and Margasari. The best results were found at the application of 1.5 tons per ha gypsum on the Dendang variety (G1V7) as shown by the higher plant height, i.e., 47.67, 60.53, and 71.20 cm at the ages of 30, 45, and 60 DAP, the number of tillers rice was 43.87 at 50 HST, and 39.87 at 60 DAP. The average weight of 1000-grains iwa 28.87 g, and an estimated yield was 7.63 tons ha-1. In conclusion, the Dendang variety, with the application of 1.5 tons of gypsum per ha, can be recommended for planting in saline soils.
Keywords: gypsum, rice variety, salinity, sodiu
Kualitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) yang Diproduksi dengan Teknik Fortifikasi dan Fertigasi Berbeda pada Pertumbuhan Indigofera zollingeriana
Get PDFArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a fungus that has a symbiotic impact on the plant at the root system level. The research objective was to evaluate the growth of Indigofera zollingeriana produced from inoculation of AMF under different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale. A completely randomized design with six treatments and five replication were applied for the study. The treatments were: FD1000, FD2000, FD3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm of AB mix at flat fertigation), FB1000, FB2000, and FB3000 (AMF fortified with 1000, 2000, 3000 ppm of AB mix at graded fertigation). The result shows that the AMF colonization level at the root of was similar (P>0.05) to the upper value of colonization (80.00‒99.00%). The entire products of AMF have similar favorable symbiotic effects on the plant with major growth traits (plant high, stem diameter, number of branches and twigs). A fortification of 2000 ppm of AB mix under graded fertigation technique has produced AMF that significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of leaves with higher green color level (7.5GY 4/6) compared with other treatments. In conclusion, the AMF produced by different fortification and fertigation techniques at the field scale has a similar result on root colonization effectivity and growth performance of I. zollingeriana. In addition, the AMF produced by 2000 ppm of AB mix with graded fertigation technique effectively increased the number of leaves with higher green color intensity.
Keywords: AMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi quality, fertigation, fortification, Indigofera zollingerian
Inventarisasi Jenis Tumbuhan Paku di Hutan Watumbolo, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
Get PDFIndonesia is a tropical country that has high plant biodiversity. One of the plant groups that are rich in species are ferns. Ferns still exist until now and estimated at 10.000 species, which 3.000 species are grown out in Indonesia. Watumbolo forest is located in South West Sumba, with the average temperature ranges from 21-34°C, therefore the varians types of plants grow well in this forest, including ferns. The aim of this study was to identify the types of ferns found in the Watumbolo forest. Observations were also made on environmental conditions which included: air temperature, light intensity, soil moisture, and soil pH. This research was conducted using descriptive exploration method. The results obtained 18 species of ferns, namely: Asplenium nidus, Gleichenia linearis, Blechnum orientale, Davallia denticulata, Nephrolepis biserrata, Drynaria quercifolia, Drymoglossum piloselloides, Drynaria parishii, Nephrolepis hirsutula, Angiopteris evecta, Cyclosorus interruptus, Christella subpubescens, Lygodium microphyllum, Lygodium palmatum, Schizaea digitata, Selaginella plana, Lycopodium cernuum, and Psilotum nudum. Therefore, the results of temperature measurements in Watumbolo forest were between 22-28°C, air humidity 56-70%, light intensity 1069lux-6116lux, soil pH 7, and soil moisture 70-72%.
Keywords: ferns, South West Sumba, Watumbolo Fores
Peranan Teknologi Proses Pengolahan Pangan dalam Penurunan Alergenisitas Kerang-kerangan: Meta-analisis
Get PDFShellfish is widely consumed globally, one of the main reasons is because it contains good nutrition for health. The increased consumption also leads to adverse health problems such as food allergy. Food allergy is hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system caused by consumption or exposure to food. Various food processing methods has been proven to alter shellfish allergenicity with different effectiveness. This study aims to determine the most effective processing method to reduce shellfish allergenicity through meta-analysis. In total of 19 articles were obtained using PRISMA diagram, with publication year range 2006-2020. Data were analyzed to determine Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval. Moist heating, high hydrostatic pressure, irradiation, and ultrasound processing have significant effect (p < 0,05) in reducing shellfish allergenicity. Meanwhile, boiling and roasting processing did not have a significant effect. Based on the results of the meta-analysis, high hydrostatic pressure is the most effective method in reducing shellfish allergenicity because it has the highest effect size value with -7,25 (95% CI: -9,11 s.d. -5,4; p < 0,00001).
Keywords: allergenicity, food processing, meta-analysis, shellfis
Pengaruh Nanovaksin Berbasis Nanopartikel Hybrid Chitosan Terhadap Sel Darah Ikan Kerapu Cantang Yang Diinfeksi VNN
Get PDFCantang grouper (Epinephelus sp.) is a fish with a high economic value and has been widely cultivated. VNN disase, caused by Betanodavirus infection, can lead to mass mortality of cantang grouper. Precautions considered effective in preventing Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease include vaccination. This study aimed to determine the effect of administering recombinant Chlorella vulgaris protein nanovaccine based on chitosan hybrid nanoparticles in increasing the immune response of cantang grouper infected with VNN. The study consisted of five treatments: K+ (cantang grouper infected with VNN), K- (healthy cantang grouper), T1 (healthy cantang grouper given 33 µl of nanovaccine and then challenged with VNN), T2 (healthy cantang grouper given 66 µl of nanovaccine and then tested with a VNN challenge), and T3 (healthy cantang grouper given 112 µl of nanovaccine and then tested with a VNN challenge). The parameters observed were haematology, nanovaccine Relative percent survival (RPS), and Survival rate (SR) levels. The study results showed that administering the nanovaccine increased the immune response of the fish, as indicated by an increase in haematology response, RPS, and SR in cantang grouper compared to the treatment without nanovaccine administration. The best dose of nanovaccine in this study is 33 µl.
Keywords: fish disease, nanovaccines, virus, C. vulgaris, groupe
Optimasi Penggunaan Input Produksi pada Usahatani Kentang di Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Jawa Tengah
Get PDFPotato is one of the horticultural crops with high economic value and potential as an export commodity. The productivity of potatoes in Central Java tends to decrease, and it is suspected that the use of production inputs is not optimal. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the use of production inputs, the factors that influence potato production, and the optimization of the use of production inputs in potato farming in the Dieng Plateau. The research was conducted from October to December 2021 in Sumberejo Village, Batur Subdistrict, Banjarnegara District, which has an altitude of + 1700 meters above sea level. This research used a survey method on 30 potato farmers. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively, and analyzed the factors that influence production using multiple linear regression, followed by an optimization test on the use of production inputs. The results showed that the use of production inputs among farmers still varied and had not followed the results of soil analysis. Seed, manure, and labor are production inputs that have a significant positive effect on potato production. To get maximum production, farmers need to add seeds, NPK fertilizer, and manure according to recommendations, while the use of labor needs to be reduced to achieve optimal yields.
Keywords: highlands, inputs, increased production, potato, productio
Correlation of Rice Production and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in North Sulawesi Province
Get PDFThis study aimed to reveal correlation, calculate significance, and discover the regression equation of rice production to Green House Gas (GHG) emission in North Sulawesi Province. The data on GHG emissions from rice cultivation (Gg CO2eq) was obtained from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia. Data on rice production from wetland and dryland (Gg) was from the BP Statistical Review annual period of 2000-2021, both for North Sulawesi Province. Data analysis of correlation coefficient, F-test for Regression, and Simple Regression Analysis will be processed with the help application of MS Excel. The results show that the correlation between rice production and emission of rice cultivation in North Sulawesi Province is 0.53 and classified as a moderate correlation. The coefficient of determination stated that the emission of rice cultivation could be explained by about 28.6% from rice production. Therefore, rice production is statistically significant to the emission of rice cultivation with a 5% confidence level for North Sulawesi Province. Furthermore, this study found a regression equation, emission of rice cultivation is 112.67 + 0.516 times rice production.
Keywords: correlation coefficient, green house gas emission, rice productio
Potensi dan Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Tani Perkotaan dalam Meningkatkan Akses Pangan yang Berkelanjutan di Kecamatan Gunung Putri, Kabupaten Bogor
Get PDFAs a densely populated industrial area in Bogor Regency, an urban farming program has been initiated in Gunung Putri District. The right strategy to develop and implement urban farming needs to be known so that this program is successful and sustain in Bogor Regency. This study aims to (1) identify aspects of preparation for urban farming development in Gunung Putri District, Bogor Regency; (2) analyze people\u27s perceptions of its development; (3) and formulate its development strategy through qualitative descriptive methods, Likert scale, and SWOT analysis. Based on technical, social, institutional, commercial, financial, and environmental aspects, urban farming activities in this location are potential to be developed to support food adequacy and contribute to household income. The society has an excellent perception of the benefits. However, the community also saw obstacles, including the availability of respondents\u27 time, usable land, capital, and supportive institutions. Most respondents also perceived that the currently limited information related to marketing has the potential to hinder the successful implementation of the urban farming. Nevertheless, the community\u27s desire to participate is quite high, and they will participate if the program is implemented. The highest strength factor in developing urban farming businesses in Gunung Putri District is the public knowledge about cultivation techniques, while the most significant weakness is the marketing of its products. An enormous opportunity is to establish networking with various parties, and the biggest threat is the trend of urban life that does not focus on the agricultural sector.
Keywords: aspects of feasibility, community perception, urban farming, SWOT analysi
Efektivitas Konsentrat Papain Bubuk, Getah Pepaya Segar, dan Papain Komersial sebagai Koagulan dalam Pembuatan Dangke
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Dangke is a milk-based dish in which the papain coagulates casein. This study aims to test the effectiveness of powdered papain concentrate, fresh papaya sap, and commercial papain as a coagulant agent in the dangke preparation with three additional levels of enzyme activity in each type of papain. The resulting dangke was tested physically, chemically, and organoleptically to determine the type of papain and the enzyme\u27s activity level most effectively as a coagulant. The three enzyme activity levels used were 217.14, 434,29, and 651.44 AU/mg with a heating temperature of 100.16°C. The experiment used a randomized group design factorial pattern with three replications. Testing on the physical properties of the two types of papain showed results that did not differ significantly (P>0.05) for the whey weight but differed significantly for the yield. The results of the chemical properties test showed significantly different results (P<0.05) on the protein level. Based on hedonic quality tests, the dangke that is liked was chewy in texture, white in color, predominantly milky, has a distinctive dangke taste, and does not taste bitter. The hedonic quality on Anova test indicated a significantly different result (P<0.05) for all tested parameters. The best papain as a coagulant in dangke making was fresh sap papain and freeze-dried papain with the addition of the lowest level of enzyme activity, or level one.
Keywords: coagulant, dangke, enzyme activity, organoleptic, papai
Adaptasi terhadap Dampak Iklim Ekstrem pada Pola Tanam Jeruk Siam Banjar (Citrus suhuensis) dengan Sistem Surjan
Get PDFClimate change has a real impact on yields, seasonal shifts, cropping patterns of citrus siam banjar plantations (Citrus suhuensis) on tidal land. This research aims to analyze the relationship of the cropping patterns of surjan systems and climate extremes, as an effort to overcome climate change. The research was conducted in Batola in 2020 using written and oral survey methods. Data was extracted from farmers and related institutions. The respondents consisted of 45 men and 45 women. On each sub-district, 2 villages were surveyed according to tidal land type, namely Marabahan district (SP1 and SP2) type C, Mandastana subdistrict (Karang Indah and Karang Bunga) type B, and Cerbon district (Simpang Nungki and Kambat River) type A. The results showed that the chance of El-Niño was around 16.7-22.7%, while La-Niña reached 40%. The total extreme event was 67.8% of La-Niña side by side with El-Niño 15 times and generally El-Niño precedes La-Niña by about 40%. The total extreme event reached 62.7%. The productivity of citrus observations in 2015-2019 was 1.274 ton/ha and during El-Niño yields decreased by 0.05 ton/ha. Crops damaged by El-Niño in 20152016 were -2% of the area of 6,825.03 ha. More than 90% of farmers during extreme events applied a pattern of superior local-rice oranges-rice to tabukan and oranges-vegetables on mounds. Cropping patterns on tidal tidal land show a high level of resistance to climate change because they have not changed much for decades in both normal, dry, and wet climatic conditions.
Keywords: El-Niño, extreme climate, La-Niña, siam banjar oranges, tidal land type A, B dan