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Strategi Komunikasi dalam Tata Kelola Pengembangan Kelapa Sawit di Indonesia
Get PDFNatural resource management generally involves parties who have conflicts of power and interests. For Indonesia, palm oil development has a positive impact on people's welfare and economic gain. However, the palm oil industry's growth in its development caused controversy, especially among the international community. In this study, a stakeholder analysis was carried out to determine the degree of influence and interest of the relevant engagements and formulate an appropriate and solutive communication strategy in improving palm oil governance in Indonesia. The stakeholder analysis study was carried out based on the results of three levels of Fairclough discourse analysis based on online media publications, interviews, and observations during 2015-2018. The findings of this study indicate that there are 31 of the 40 stakeholders identified in the Crowd quadrant that showed an uproar about the controversy over oil palm development in Indonesia came from parties who did not need to be significant for governance improvement. On the other hand, stakeholders who have strategic positions are not invited to determine more actively to reach consensus. This study implies that sustainable oil palm development can be achieved if accompanied by promoting constructive communication among stakeholders to reach mutual understanding. AbstrakPengelolaan sumber daya alam umumnya melibatkan pihak-pihak yang memiliki konflik pengaruh dan kepentingan. Bagi Indonesia, pengembangan kelapa sawit memiliki dampak positif pada kesejahteraan rakyat dan pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Namun demikian, industri kelapa sawit dalam perkembangannya menimbulkan kontroversi, terutama di kalangan masyarakat internasional. Dalam kajian ini, analisis pemangku kepentingan dilakukan untuk mengetahui derajat pengaruh dan kepentingan dari pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat serta merumuskan strategi komunikasi yang tepat dan solutif dalam perbaikan tata kelola kelapa sawit di Indonesia. Kajian analisis pemangku kepentingan dilakukan berdasarkan hasil tiga tingkat analisis diskursus Fairclough berdasarkan publikasi media online, wawancara, dan obervasi selama periode 2015-2018. Temuan kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 31 dari 40 pemangku kepentingan yang teridentifikasi berada pada kuadran Crowd yang menunjukkan adanya indikasi bahwa keriuhan mengenai kontroversi pengembangan kelapa sawit di Indonesia bersumber dari pihak-pihak yang sebetulnya tidak terlalu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perbaikan tata kelola. Di lain pihak, pemangku kepentingan yang memiliki posisi strategis tidak diajak untuk berpartisipasi lebih aktif untuk mencapai sebuah konsensus. Studi ini memberikan implikasi bahwa pembangunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dapat dicapai apabila disertai dengan mengedepankan komunikasi konstruktif antarpara pemangku kepentingan untuk mencapai pemahahaman bersama
Faktor Pendukung dan Kontribusi Kecamatan bagi Kecukupan Konsumsi Beras di Kabupaten Jombang, Jawa Timur
Get PDFVulnerability of food insecurity is closely related to food sufficiency, especially rice as a staple food. The purpose of this risearch was to analyze supporting factors and to identify sub-districts contribution to the rice consumption adequacy in Jombang Regency, East Java. Data used in this study was a panel data of cross-sectional from 21 sub-districts and time series data of the period 2010 to 2016. A regression analyses and a biplot analyses were used in this study. Research results showed that three ot of five factors were linear positive in supporting the adequacy of food consumption, namely rice procurement, productivity of rice farming, and rice harvested acreage; rice consumption was linear negative, and rice prices was not significant. The variability of rice consumption was identified as the highest among the supporting factors, similarity in supporting factor characteristics was exist in eight sub-district groups, and the superiority of factor scores was identified in three sub-districts groups. The policy implication from this study, among others, are a program for the rice consumption adequacy should be designed based on eight sub-districts groups with the similarity characteristics in orders to achieve efficiency ini costs, time, and manpower; and a supply chain among sub-districts should be developed by prioritizing the rice flow from the above average consumption adequacy rate of sub-districts groups to the below average one
Dinamika dan Struktur Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Perdesaan di Berbagai Agroekosistem di Indonesia
Get PDFAgricultural development has an impact on the structural changes of the rural economy, as reflected in the changes of household income. The changes reflects the agricultural transformation which the direction and magnitude vary among ecosystems. Objective of this research was to analyze the dynamics of household income structure based on land tenure and agroecosystem. The study used panel data of Patanas (2007-2018) in eight provinces with three points of observation. Data was analized using the statistics and qualitative descriptive methods. Results of this study showed that household income, share of agriculture to total household income, and income structure changes were influenced by agroecosystem and land tenure. The largest income inequality was found in the vegetable dryland agroecosystems. Based on this study, it is recommended that to increase rural households’ income in each agroecosystem, among others, are through infrastructure development to facilitate the flow of agricultural products to the markets, employment creation through development of small and medium scales of agricultural based industry in the rural region, and increasing rural workforce skills to improve their access on employment opportunities in the agricultural and non-agricultural sector
Pengembangan Rantai Pasok Daging Ayam secara Terpadu di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur
Get PDFThe main problem faced by the broiler industry from time to time was its vulnerability to various large and short-term shocks. This study aimed to assess and formulate policy recommendations for the development of the supply chain integration of chicken meat. The analytical methods used in this study were the supply chain, market integration, and price fluctuation analysis. The results of this study indicated that supply chain actors in live broiler commodities and chicken meat were still quite long and less competitive. The dominant position in determining prices in the chicken meat supply chain was integrator companies and collectors. Broiler market integration at the farm level in the production center in West Java and the retailer level in the City of Bandung was not well integrated with the Market Index Connection (IMC) value of 5.956 (not integrated) and in East Java was also not integrated but with better the IMC value of 1.654. The level of chicken meat price fluctuations was quite moderate, as indicated by the Coefficient of Variation (CV) value 6.82. Broiler prices at the producer level were more volatile than the price of chicken meat at the consumer level. Policy implications drawn from this study are the need to cut the very long supply chain, improve the market structure towards a more competitive one, increase market integration, and maintain stabilization of chicken meat prices. AbstrakPermasalahan pokok yang dihadapi industri broiler dari waktu ke waktu adalah kerawanannya terhadap terhadap berbagai goncangan besar dan berjangka pendek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menghasilkan rekomendasi kebijakan pengembangan rantai pasok daging ayam ras secara terpadu.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis rantai pasok, integrasi pasar, dan fluktuasi harga. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pelaku rantai pasok pada komoditas broiler hidup dan daging ayam masih cukup panjang dan kurang kompetitif. Posisi dominan dalam penentuan harga pada rantai pasok daging ayam adalah perusahaan integrator dan pedagang pengepul. Integrasi pasar broiler di tingkat peternak di daerah sentra produksi di Jawa Barat dan di tingkat pedagang pengecer di Kota Bandung tidak terintegrasi dengan baik dengan nilai Index Market Conection (IMC) sebesar 5,956 (tidak terintegrasi), dan di Jawa Timur juga tidak integrasi namun dengan nilai IMC yang menunjukkan lebih baik, yaitu 1,654. Tingkat fluktuasi harga daging ayam cukup moderat, yang diindikasikan oleh nilai Coefisien Variasi (CV) 6,82. Harga broiler di tingkat produsen lebih fluktuatif dibandingkan harga daging ayam ras di tingkat konsumen. Implikasi kebijakan dari temuan penelitian ini adalah perlunya memotong rantai pasok yang terlalu panjang, memperbaiki struktur pasar ke arah struktur yang lebih kompetitif, meningkatkan keterpaduan pasar dan menjaga stabilisasi harga daging ayam
Keberlanjutan Kebun Kelapa Dalam (Cocos Nucifera) Blok Penghasil Tinggi di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi
Get PDFSustainability of the Cocos Nucifera’s High Production Block (HPB) in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency. Jambi Province is threatened by falling coconut prices. It influences the farmer's interest to do replanting and use certified seeds produced by HPB. The evaluation of HPB not only base on the economic dimension, but it should also accommodate broader dimensions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the sustainability of HPB. Primary data were obtained from observations, focus group discussions, and interviews with 20 respondents of HPB plantation owners, while secondary data were obtained from Statistics office and government agencies. The existing condition of the HPB was analyzed by comparing it with the standard of HPB and selected parent trees issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. Analyzing of HPB sustainability used a modified Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) Rapfish for coconut, then called Rap-ProBlock (The Rapid Appraisal of the Status of Cocos Nucifera's High Producing Block). The results showed that the sustainability indexes were sufficient and good for the social (64.18) and ecological (85.69) dimensions, the economic and technological dimensions had less sustainability (34.76 and 32.58), and the legal/institutional dimension was poor (9. 16). On a multi-dimensional basis, HPB sustainability was lacked (40.30). The recommended policies based on this research results among others are i.e. issuing the Local Regulation on Cocos Nucifera, establishing the Warehouse Receipt System which guarantees farmers a fair price, and, involving village enterprise to build coconut business units
Penilaian Kerugian Ekonomi Usaha Tani Padi Sawah dan Status Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Saluran Irigasi Sekunder Vanderwijck di Yogyakarta
Get PDFSustainability is an essential aspect of agricultural development and multidimensional. One of the crucial elements in agricultural development is water supply. Distribution of irrigation water from upstream to downstream experienced various obstacles related to the existence of different interests and management. This research aimed to estimate economic losses of rice farming and analyze sustainability status of Vanderwijck secondary irrigation channels management in Yogyakarta. The economic losses of rice farming were income loss due to a change in environmental function that impacted human livelihood. The status of sustainable water resources use in irrigation channels was analyzed using the ordination technique through the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) method. Results of this study concluded that in the Vanderwijck irrigation, the estimated potential loss of production in a farmer group who experienced water shortages (with 10.6-hectare acreage) was 106.2 tons per year or equal to the possible production losses of one growing season. This was also equal to the potential loss of farmers’ income by 200.7 million rupiahs per year. The sustainability status of Vanderwijck irrigation channel management based on MDS analysis was spread across the sustainable category for ecological and economic dimensions; and the entirely sustainable category for social, policies, and technical and financial supports. Because of irrigation channels management is at various levels of authority, to have better sustainability management, it is recommended to prioritize managing the key factors that have the lowest status from the five dimensions above. AbstrakKeberlanjutan merupakan aspek penting dalam pembangunan pertanian dan bersifat multidimensi. Salah satu aspek penting dalam pembangunan pertanian adalah ketersediaan air. Distribusi air irigasi dari hulu ke hilir mengalami berbagai hambatan terkait perbedaan kepentingan dan kewenangan pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kerugian ekonomi usaha tani padi dan menganalisis status keberlanjutan pengelolaan saluran Irigasi Sekunder Vanderwijck di Yogyakarta. Kerugian ekonomi usaha tani adalah pendapatan yang hilang karena perubahan fungsi lingkungan yang berdampak terhadap kehidupan manusia. Status keberlanjutan pemanfaatan sumber daya air pada saluran irigasi dianalisis menggunakan teknik ordinasi melalui metode Multidimensional Scalling (MDS). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa di daerah Irigasi Vanderwijck, kelompok petani yang mengalami kekurangan air (dengan luas 10,6 hektare) diestimasi mempunyai potensi kerugian produksi sebesar 106,20 ton per tahun atau setara dengan produksi satu musim tanam. Nilai ini juga sama dengan potensi kehilangan penerimaan usaha tani sebesar Rp200,7 juta per tahun. Status keberlanjutan pengelolaan saluran Irigasi Vanderwijck berdasarkan analisis MDS tersebar pada kategori berkelanjutan untuk dimensi ekologi dan ekonomi; dan cukup berkelanjutan untuk dimensi sosial, kebijakan, dan dukungan teknis serta finansial. Karena pengelolaan saluran irigasi didasarkan di berbagai tingkat kewenangan, agar keberlanjutan pengelolaan menjadi lebih baik, disarankan untuk memprioritaskan mengelola faktor kunci dari kelima dimensi tersebut di atas yang mempunyai nilai status paling rendah
