LITE: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya
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DIFFICULTIES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PRODUCTIVE SKILL
Get PDFThis paper aims at describing students’ difficulties in spoken utterances. To achieve the objective, the research site is some schools in Yogyakarta Special Province, both public and private schools. The reason to choose is first, the schools provide English from the very beginning level, that is the first grade of elementary school, second, the teachers are from English educational background and third, the schools get A for the accreditation. Observation and interview techniques are employed to collect data. The results reveal that English teachers tend to teach form and vocabularies. As a result, a complete text in a form of dialogue or a descriptive text is still difficult to reach. The students perform uncontextual and uncomplete text. The text is not a monologue or dialogue, a short functional text, or a descriptive text as suggested by the curriculum. Most utterances are in a form of words, phrases and sentences; the text produced is sentence copying from textbooks or from teachers. The teaching learning process then is divided into three steps of teaching, namely pre-teaching, while-teaching, and post-teaching. Of the three steps of teaching, English teachers tend to be teachers centered teaching and the focus is still on vocabularies and English rules. They teach about the language. They speak more in Bahasa Indonesia starting from pre-teaching up to post teaching. The tasks given are on vocabulary and forms. As the result of teachers’ teaching then it affects on students’ performance. The students are in doubt even do not know how to communicate or perform a simple dialogue among friends in English. It contrasts to the aim of English learning for children, that is performative level. They actually should be trained more on formulaic expressions rather than on rules. In brief, to be an English teacher for elementary level needs to have good ability in English classroom instructions, be a grammar sensitive teacher and be a creative teacher in conducting teaching learning process
STUDY ON INTERPERSONAL MEANING REPRESENTATION IN AN ENGLISH INTERACTION
Get PDFThis spoken discourse analysis adopted the model of casual conversation analysis as suggested by Eggins and Slade (1997).The corpus of data of this study was a taped English casualconversation between a non-native speaker (NNS) and a native speaker (NS). The transcribed conversation was analyzed to know the mood patterns and the speech function patterns of the interactants. The mood patterns were studied from the types of clause structures chosen by the interactants, while the speech function patterns were studied through the choice of speech functions when the interactants acted on each other. The interpersonal relationships between the interactants wereinterpreted from the synoptic quantification of the mood and speech function patterns. The study revealed that NNS was the dominant interactant and played his role as initiator, while NS is the marginal interactant and played her role as supporter; the conversation was the one of information negotiation rather than goods and services negotiation signed by the dominant production of declaratives by both NNS and NS; and NNS favoured on negotiating opinion information, while NS prefered factual information negotiation.. It is suggested that casual conversation needs to be considered in designing syllabus to complement the current practices of conversation which focus on pragmatic conversation; authentic text, such as casual conversation, needs to be used in language classroom to avoid genre shock in students’ daily activities; and speech functions and their lexicogrammatical realizations need to be introduced to students to enrich them with possible moves in sustaining a conversation.Key words: English interaction , interpersonal meaning, representatio
ERROR ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS' WRITINGS (A case study of General English Students of Intensive English Course Semarang)
Get PDFthis study aims at describing the linguistics errors that appears in the students' writings and discovering kinds of error the students made in their writings. The subject of this research is taken from the students' writings made by the fourth level students of General English of Intensive English Course Semarang. The result of the data reveals that all the students made some errors in their writings. The types of error the students made are developmental, interlingual, ambiguous or other errors. Developmental errors are errors similar to those made by the students learning the target language as their first language. Then, interlingual errors are similar in structure to a semantically equivalent phrase or sentence in the learner's native language. Meanwhile, ambiguous errors are those that could be classified equally well as developmental or interlingual.Key words: error, developmental, interlingual, ambiguou
COHESION IN POEM A Case Study in `Marks` and `the way and the way things are`
Get PDFThis study is a linguistic analysis on literary works, especially of poem. It is mainly based on the study of cohesion given by Halliday and Hasan (1976). The study intends to describe how the cohesion works in two poems ‘Marks’ and ‘the way and the way things are’ written respectively by Linda Pastan and Nila Northsun. This is in line with Halliday and Hasan (1974:328) that a “linguistic study of literature is not an interpretation of what the text means; it is an explanation of why and how it means what it does.†The cohesive devices realized in the poems were identified and the cohesive ties among them were, then, described to show why and how the two poems mean what they do.Keywords: poem, cohesion, cohesive devices, and cohesive tie
ROLE RELATIONSHIP ENACTMENT BETWEEN ENGLISH NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS IN AN ENGLISH DIALOGUE
Get PDFThis study aims at describing the enactment of role relationships between English non-native speakers in an English dialogue. The speakers are an Indonesian student and a Dutchman who met by accident in a public place in Semarang. The dialogue was analyzed by describing the clause and speech function productions by the speakers. The result of the study shows that in an equal turn right to talk the Dutchman performs as the dominant speaker, while the Indonesian Student as the marginal one. The Indonesian student plays the role of interaction stirrer by dominating the opening speech functions with questions. On the other hand, the Dutchman plays the role of interaction supporter by dominating the continuing and responding speech functions. The lack of confrontational speech functions by the speakers in this dialogue is probably caused by the low contact between them, since it is their first time of face-to-face meeting.Key words: role relationship, speech function, dominant speaker,marginal speake
MEANING ACCURACIES AND INACCURACIES IN TITANIC'S INDONESIAN SUBTITLES
Get PDFNowadays, there are more and more chances for movie maniacs to satisfy their great interest to watch over different kinds of film genre every time and everywhere. They can easily get them atVideo rental and watch them at home or go to Cineplex as they wish. From the foreign film screen, they see subtitles. Usually the film audiences watch it without thinking seriously about the accurate or inaccurate subtitles. In fact, subtitle is the key to understand the meaning of the contents in foreign languages. However, it is impossible to deny that film translators are not always professional ones. They sometimes make unnecessary inaccurate meanings in film subtitling as likely found in several foreign movies shown in Indonesia. This article will guide the readership to find out that in such a worldclass and famous movie like Titanic, accuracy and inaccuracy of its subtitles are surprisingly found.Keywords: subtitles, accurate, inaccurate, film audience, contextualmeanin
LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR EFL STUDENTS IN DEVELOPING THEIR VOCABULARY MASTERY
Get PDFLearning strategies are the deliberate actions that learners select and control to achieve desired goals or academic objectives. In the area of vocabulary mastery, learning strategies can be defined as various ways of all language learners to learn new vocabulary items in accordance with the learners’ needs and preferences. In learning a foreign language, choice of learning strategies is much influenced by or associated with a number of factors such as : language being learned, duration, degree of metacognitive awareness, age, sex, attitudes, personality characteristics, career orientation, language teaching methods, and task requirements. A more effective language learner is the one who uses better learning strategies and implements more appropriate strategies than do less effective learners in each of the main language skills
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYIMAK BAHASA INGGRIS LISAN
Get PDFIt is believed that the students’ habit of listening correlate with their listening proficiency. This study tried to investigate this view. The learners’ ability in listening to the spoken language is indicated by their ability to give response or comment to the spoken language that they have listened. The research was conducted in EFL class setting. Thirty five of the seventy nine students were taken as the subjects of the research. The research subjects were the fourth students of English Department Dian Nuswantoro University taking “Listening Comprehension IVâ€. They were asked to answer the questionnaires to measure their habit.The student’s scores in “Listening Comprehension IV†weredocumented and used as their proficiency level. The two variables were then analyzed by using Pearson Product-Moment test. The output of the statistical analysis showed that the two variables have significant correlation indicated by 70.4% coefficient correlation and the level of significance was 0.0. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that the better the students’ habit of listening the better their listening proficiency. Based on the findings, the teacher of English is recommended to shape the students’ habit by giving much task in order to expose them toEnglish especially spoken English.Key words: Listening, Pearson Product-Moment test, Spoken English, Students’ability
PROSES PEMBENTUKAN KOSAKATA BAHASA JEPANG (WAGO)
Get PDFJapanese (Nihongo), is a language spoken by over 130Â million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. Japanese vocabulary has been heavily influenced by loanwords from other languages. A vast number of words were borrowed from Chinese, or created from Chinese models, over a period of at least 1,500Â years. Since the late 19th century, Japanese has borrowed a considerable number of words from Indo-European languages, primarily English
IKONISITAS BUNYI SUKU KATA ZHI DALAM BAHASA CINA
Get PDFIconicity of sound means a relationship between sound and meaning. The relationship results in index or icon. This study discusses the sound iconicity of zhi syllable in Chinese. The data were taken from Kamus Besar Tionghoa-Indonesia published in 1995. The result shows that the sound iconicity of zhi syllable is formed by 16 semantic categories in which diminutive semantics is dominant. The fair distribution of symbolic words in every semantics category shows that there is no element of syllable that distinguishes the diminutivesemantics category as the largest category. In addition, there are three factors that cause iconicity of sound, namely sound imitation, word etymology, and minimal amount of syllable.Key words: Chinese, Iconicity of sound, Icon, Index, Zhi syllabl