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Composite Outcome Measures for Psoriatic Arthritis:Project Updates 2024
Get PDFThe Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)-Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) psoriatic arthritis (PsA) working group provided updates at the GRAPPA 2024 annual meeting on their assessment of composite outcome measures for PsA. The group presented the progress of a systematic literature review on the psychometric properties of the following candidate composite outcome measures using the OMERACT filter 2.2: (1) minimal disease activity (MDA), (2) Disease Activity for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), (3) American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response criteria, (4) Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), (5) Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), (6) 3-item visual analog scale (3VAS), and (7) 4VAS. A Delphi exercise for patient research partners (PRPs) on domain match and feasibility is ongoing. Following analysis and endorsement of domain match and feasibility by PRPs, the working group will seek endorsement from the GRAPPA community. In addition, the group illustrated a new research proposal for using network metaanalysis to quantitatively compare the responsiveness of these various composite outcome measures.</p
Fermi Liquid Theory of <i>d</i>-Wave Altermagnets:Demon Modes and Fano-Demon States
Get PDFWe develop a Fermi liquid theory of d-wave altermagnets and apply it to describe their collective excitation spectrum. We predict that in addition to a conventional undamped plasmon mode, where both spin components oscillate in phase, there is an acoustic plasmon (or demon) mode with out-of-phase spin dynamics. By analyzing the dynamical structure factor, we reveal a strong dependence of the demon’s frequency and spectral weight both on the Landau parameters and on the direction of propagation. Notably, as a function of the propagation angle, we show that the acoustic mode evolves from a hidden state, which has zero spectral weight in the density excitation spectrum, to a weakly damped propagating demon mode and then (below a critical interaction parameter) to a Fano-demon mixed state, which is marked by a strong hybridization with particle-hole excitations and a corresponding asymmetric line shape in the structure factor. Our Letter paves the way for applications of altermagnetic materials in optospintronics by harnessing collective electron spin oscillations beyond traditional magnon spin waves.</p
Taking stock and setting directions on timely organizational phenomena:Artificial intelligence, indigeneity, precarious work, and multi-level theorizing
Get PDFThis inaugural critical reviews special issue marks a deliberate step in renewing what Human Relations has always stood for: a broad, rigorous, and human-centered conversation about work and organizing. Our aim with this special issue is therefore twofold: to take stock and to set direction. By curating critical, integrative reviews on select but timely topics, we map the evolution of debates, clarify where concepts and methods need to realign, and chart agendas that advance our understanding of the human side of organizational life. The four articles featured in this inaugural issue exemplify the intellectual breadth and critical depth that define Human Relations. Each engages a core tension of contemporary organizing; how multilevel systems interact in strategic human resource management; how colonial legacies shape Indigenous experiences of work; how precarity redefines the meaning and politics of labor; and how algorithmic technologies transform the inequalities embedded in hiring and organizational life. Read collectively, these contributions illuminate the diversity of themes, methods, and theoretical traditions that animate our journal, while also revealing a shared pursuit: understanding what it means to be human in the evolving relations of work, organization, and society.</p
Dynamic Reconstruction of Ultrasound-Derived Flow Fields With Physics-Informed Neural Fields
Get PDFBlood flow is sensitive to disease and provides insight into cardiac function, making flow field analysis valuable for diagnosis. However, while safer than radiation-based imaging and more suitable for patients with medical implants, ultrasound suffers from attenuation with depth, limiting the quality of the image. Despite advances in echocardiographic particle image velocimetry (EchoPIV), accurately measuring blood velocity remains challenging due to the technique's limitations and the complexity of blood flow dynamics. Physics-informed machine learning can enhance accuracy and robustness, particularly in scenarios where noisy or incomplete data challenge purely data-driven approaches. We present a physics-informed neural field model with multi-scale Fourier Feature encoding for estimating blood flow from sparse and noisy ultrasound data without requiring ground truth supervision. We demonstrate that this model achieves consistently low mean squared error in denoising and inpainting both synthetic and real datasets, verified against reference flow fields and ground truth flow rate measurements. While physics-informed neural fields have been widely used to reconstruct medical images, applications to medical flow reconstruction are mostly prominent in Flow MRI. In this work, we adapt methods that have proven effective in other imaging modalities to address the specific challenge of ultrasound-based flow reconstruction
Host National Teachers’ Perceptions of Foreign Educators:Insights into the Changing International School Sector in China
Get PDFThe paper explores the perceptions of host national teachers in China's international school sector, focusing on their views of expatriate teachers. It addresses two main research questions: how do host national teachers perceive the professional status and ability of foreign teachers working in internationalised schools, and what do these perceptions tell us about China’s international school sector in an era of education regulation? The study utilised semi-structured interviews with experienced host national teachers to gain insights into the changing dynamics of the internationalised school sector and the role of the expatriate teacher. The findings suggest that expatriate teachers are now perceived to play a marginal or auxiliary role, and highlight growing isomorphism between private internationalised and public schools in China. The paper also discusses the implications of the growing dominance of host national teachers and the evolving demographics of expatriate teachers in China, highlighting the need for further research to understand the implications of these changes and the future role of expatriate teachers in China's international education sector
Optimising Digital Mindfulness-Based Interventions to Reduce Risk Factors for Disordered Eating
No full textA randomised feasibility trial comparing group and individual format Groups for Health interventions for loneliness in people who experience psychosis
Get PDFObjectives: Loneliness in people who experience psychosis is common and associated with poor mental health. In this randomised trial, we tested the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted Groups for Health (G4H) intervention for loneliness, delivered in group or individual format. Design: Mixed methods, two-arm feasibility randomised controlled trial. Methods: Forty individuals who self-identified as having psychosis were recruited from UK mental health care services, recovery colleges and charities. G4H was modified for people with psychosis, with participants randomised to receive the intervention delivered via group (N = 20) or individual (N = 20) format. The primary outcomes related to trial acceptability and feasibility. Exploratory repeated measures ANOVAs and t-tests evaluated differences between formats over time in loneliness, wellbeing and possible mechanisms of change including social identification, identity integration and perceived in-group and out-group empathy. Measures were completed at baseline, end of treatment and 1- and 6-month follow-up. Results: Recruitment, retention and trial acceptability ratings for both group and individual formats of G4H were acceptable to good. No participants reported experiencing a serious adverse event. Exploratory ANOVAs indicated no differences related to format but positive change in key variables of loneliness, wellbeing, social identification and identity integration over time. T-tests for loneliness indicated that this change was step-wise from baseline, through end of treatment to 1-month follow-up. Conclusions: G4H is a feasible intervention for people with psychosis who identify as lonely and it can be delivered in either group or individual formats. This feasibility trial provides support for a future full randomised controlled trial.</p
"County lines" and Child Criminal Exploitation in the UK:A secondary data analysis of focus groups with young people who attended a theatre-in-education programme
Get PDFThe exploitation of young people in operations involving the transportation of illegal drugs across regions (known as “county lines”) is a rapidly growing problem facing schools, police forces and Children’s Services in the UK. Few school-based programmes focus on increasing young people’s awareness and understanding of exploitation in county lines. This study completed a secondary data analysis on focus group data collected as part of a Theatre-in-Education (TiE) programme evaluation, which aims to teach young people about types of exploitation through a performance and workshop approach. Young people aged between 13 and 15 years (n = 19) from two UK secondary schools took part in semi-structured focus groups. Data relating to criminal exploitation within county lines were thematically analysed. The analysis indicated that, whereas prior to the programme, participants had some awareness of child sexual exploitation in general, they had poor awareness of grooming and the occurrence of both sexual and criminal exploitation within county lines. The findings also revealed a lack of awareness and clarity surrounding blame and agency in child criminal and sexual exploitation. Future research should work towards providing effective activities within school-based programmes that aim to develop young people’s understanding and awareness of grooming in county lines. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT: Findings from this study highlight an urgent, unmet need for educational interventions for young people to raise awareness of both criminal and sexual exploitation in county lines. This includes education on grooming tactics used by perpetrators to help to prevent vulnerable young people becoming involved. Further research is needed on gender differences in criminal exploitation, including gang roles and outcomes, as well as perceptions of agency and blame in criminal exploitation.</p
Breaking the North–South divide? Reflections on the 2024 Program of Action on the Construction of a New International Economic Order
Get PDFIn September 2024, the Havana Group of the Progressive International launched its Program of Action on the Construction of a New International Economic Order. The launch was timed to mark the fiftieth anniversary of its namesake, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1974. Across its 31 proposed measures for coordinated action, the new Program seeks to revive the anti-colonial, anti- imperialist Third Worldism embodied by the original document. Its overall coherence and viability is damaged, however, by failing to go beyond a focus on how to bridge the developmental divide between North and South, to a more fundamental examination of capitalism. Such an examination requires placing exploitation and class relations centre stage alongside North–South dynamics. Incorporating an analysis of capitalism reveals the limits to and tensions within and across some of the Program’s stated aims, objectives and measures. It also highlights the Program’s tendency to see labour as a passive recipient of protections and regulations, neutralising the historical role of peasants and workers as both conceivers of and contributors to liberation struggles and anti-imperialist politics
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