Space and Culture, India
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Assessing the Impact of Religions and Castes on Population Fertility in an EAG District of India
Get PDFCulture and subculture have given an imprint on social and economic development. Alongside, it has an impact on different aspects of social change and the extent of modernisation in a region. The present study investigates the role of religion and caste in determining the fertility and the causes responsible for religious and caste fertility differential in Sagar district. This district is geographically located in the state of Madhya Pradesh.
To examine the contribution of religion and caste on a change in fertility in temporal scale, both primary and secondary data have been collected and were used for the analysis of the results of this study. The primary data, which was collected through a field survey, were conducted in the study area, and the secondary data were obtained from the Census of India (1981-2011). In order to receive more accurate results, statistical techniques—Multiple Classification Analysis, Logistic Regression Analysis and Decomposition Analysis have been applied. To find out the role of individual socioeconomic characteristics on religious fertility, Multiple classification analysis technique has been used in this study and Logistic regression analysis was applied to probe the likelihood of contraception adoption by the various socioeconomic backgrounds, while, Decomposition analysis has been conducted to probe the religious and caste composition change on temporal scale fertility change.
The findings demonstrate that the Muslim and Scheduled population (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) have very high fertility than that of the other segments of society. Moreover, the inclination of fertility transition (from high to low) among other religions (Christians, Sikh and Jain) begins earlier than that of the Hindus, Muslims and Scheduled population. As per the decomposition analysis, the share of Hindu population was more prominent in reducing the fertility which gradually decreased from the decade 1981-91 to 2001-11, while the share of the schedule population and others religions have dramatically decreased during the period. On the other hand, the role of scheduled population and Muslim community has phenomenally increased for changing fertility behaviour. The analysis of the study suggests that education and adequate employment opportunities have reduced the role of religion and caste on fertility in the study area.
 
Hamlet Revisited: Adaptations of Shakespeare in Recent Russian Drama
Get PDFShakespeare has always been among the most popular foreign playwrights staged in Russia. Among them, Hamlet has always been definitely the most widely liked and often staged play. Its protagonist was for a long time perceived by Russians as a symbol of nonconformism and rebellion. Nowadays its reception as a heroic play ending in elevating catharsis has given way to all sorts of deconstruction, which is reflected both in its stage adaptations as well as in creating remakes of the famous play. However, one of the first playwrights, who introduced a new theatrical form and did it on Shakespeare’s material, was Tom Stoppard. In Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead the playwright laid the basic principles of the approach to the classical Canon, which were further developed in the dramaturgy of the second half of the twentieth century, Russian drama including. It became a “precedent play†for the pieces written by recent Russian playwrights, such as Boris Akunin, Ludmila Petrushevskaya, Victor Korkia and the Presnyakov brothers addressed in the essay. They successfully exploited and further developed Stoppard’s techniques such as intertextuality, actualisation of metaphors, parcellation and contamination of popular idioms, deheroisation, decentralisation and other types of deconstruction
Impact of Gender Equality on Socio-Economic Development of Kazakhstan
Get PDFAchieving gender equality in the 21st Century is one of the global priorities of every state. The Republic of Kazakhstan on its way of development also focuses on this problem, because gender equality is the basis for the economic and social development of the state. International organisations prepare reports reflecting indices (gender gap index, gender inequality index, gender development index and others) which characterise the state of equality between men and women in different countries. It was established that Kazakhstan had practically reached gender equality at the stage of education. Even the first steps towards market reforms showed the unequal impact of the socio-economic transformation on the position of men and women in society. The transition to the market was followed, on the one hand, by the curtailment of social programmes and the social sphere, and on the other hand, by an increase of labour force requirements. Under these conditions, women, who traditionally bear family care, were more disadvantaged than men, both in the family and in the workplace. Democratic reforms in the post-Soviet societies created the conditions for more active participation of women in the political and economic life of the country, securing them more rights and freedoms, yet there has been a sharp deterioration in the status of women, an increase of female unemployment, the feminisation of poverty, the displacement of women in the informal economy and increase of domestic labour. Determined that the Gender Gap Index affects the gross domestic product per capita which is one of the indicators characterising the economic condition of the state. The greater the gender gap index is, the smaller is the inequality between the sexes and the higher GDP per capita is. The article presents a correlation-regression analysis which characterises the interrelation of gender equality indicators with economic indicators
The Creativity of Bernard Shaw in the Literary-Critical Perception of K.I.Chukovsky
Get PDFThe early reception of Bernard Shaw’s creativity is of considerable interest since it helps to characterise Russian-English historical, cultural and literary connections better, being an indicator of the impact of the aesthetics and drama by B. Shaw on creating a new drama and the development of Russian theatrical art. The research aims to examine the specific perception of the creativity of the English playwright B. Shaw by K.I. Chukovsky. The focus was mostly on the article Bernard Shaw from the series of Anglo-American notebooks, which analyses the works of the English playwright, as well as his aesthetic views, are fragmented. Thus, K.I. Chukovsky paid much attention to the ideological position of B. Shaw, which social-reformist trends in a society strongly influenced formation. In particular, he noted that the adoption of socialism by B. Shaw was slightly mental than emotional, correlated with the features of the social processes that were taking place. The article contained K.I. Chukovsky’s analysis of reviews of A.V. Lunacharsky on the works of B. Shaw and the statements of M. Gorky about paradoxes in English literature, fully characterising the attitude of social thought in Soviet Russia to the artistic legacy of the English playwright. It also reveals the specific understanding of the influence of creativity of G. Ibsen on theatrical innovations and aesthetic beliefs of B. Shaw, reflected in the essay Quintessence of Ibsenism. The role of the discussion as a structure-forming element in B. Shaw’s dramaturgy is defined. Notes on individual plays by B. Shaw, presented in the works of K.I. Chukovsky, show that the plays of the playwright were accepted in the Russian cultural consciousness and were perceived in the light of the current social and literary trends
Seven Aspects of the Great Steppe in the Modern Kazakh Prose – the National Conception of Eternal Nation and Art Discourse
Get PDFThis research aims to identify the role and place of the ideological concepts of the “Eternal Nation” and “The Great Steppe” in Kazakh literature.
For this, it uses methods of stylistic analysis of literary works from the perspective of identifying communication symbols in prose. Additional research methods are the method of historical analysis of the ideological concepts formation and a cross-disciplinary approach to the interpretation of the content of works.
The reasons for the strong influence of these concepts on the culture of modern Kazakhstan are justified. A symbol code is discovered through which writers reflected the state of public life in Kazakhstan.
The research is one of the first attempts to review and analyse the stories of Kazakh literature published in the 21st century. The stories are specially classified in the thematic and content context, the scientific conclusions for the artistic world of the works, language and style features of the works are presented, whereby the authors of the study set a precedent for systematising disparate knowledge of modern Kazakh literature
Six Thinking Hats: An Analysis of the Skill Level of Jordanian Vocational Education Teachers and the Extent of Skill Application
Get PDFThe study aims at identifying the level of the practising Six Thinking Hats strategy by vocational teachers in Jordan. Further, it aims to examine the relationship between the skill level and the extent to which this skill is used from the students’ point of view. To achieve these objectives, two questionnaires were used, each of which consists of 24 items, four items in each thinking-style category. The 2017-2018 study sample involves four hundred random teachers and students from schools of the North, Central and South regions of Jordan. The study found that vocational education teachers possess very high skills of using the Six Thinking Hats framework and practice them inside the classroom.
Moreover, results revealed that there is no difference in the level of possession of this skill between teachers of a different gender. Students did not notice any difference in the way teachers of different genders used this skill in practice. The findings suggest implementing workshops and training courses for teachers to minimise black hat thinking and improve the yellow hat and blue hat thinking skills
Cities Have Water History And We Need To Understand That
Get PDFThe water crisis is not a new issue, but new is the quantum of crisis. Cities are the centres of civilisation and so are the largest consumers of water. Water had always played a significant role in deciding the location as well as in sustenance of cities. Before the technological innovation of the central pipe water network, people developed different indigenous means to ensure access to water. Those are collectively called ‘traditional community-managed water system’. However, along with the technological advancement and consequent ease of water supply, these traditional systems were forgotten. This article, without getting into ‘romanticising the past’, claims that each city has a water history and explains why we need to understand that. Those systems can never be an alternative but can supplement the modern centralised system to a certain degree.  
Formation of Language Competence: Modern Issues and Strategies in the Area of Cross-Cultural Communication
Get PDFIn the framework of globalisation, the development of cross-cultural communication skills is of high interest. However, there is no due attention paid to the development of intercultural language competence in all universities as well as the possibility to share it directly with native interlocutors of the other culture. The objective of the article is to define the critical complexities in the area of cross-cultural communication among those who study a foreign language. Another objective is to elaborate recommendations that will enable the solution of the issues in the area of cross-cultural communication within up-to-date education. As a result, the researchers’ have organised and carried out the survey among 650 linguistic students of the 4th course from four largest Russian higher educational institutions (Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Higher School of Economics, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, and Moscow State University). The outcomes of the research can be used in future as the basis for the development of cross-cultural communication for university students, which should have cross-cultural competence
Networking Cooperation in Forming Soft Skills of a New Type of Teacher
Get PDFThe primary aim of this research is to develop an effective network interaction model in developing a new teacher’s soft skills. The authors carried out an analysis of a new teacher’s necessary soft skills and the existing models of partnerships. They outlined their views on the development of a networking model that is aimed at the systematic formation of a teacher’s soft skills. The empirical part is executed based on the Elabuga Institute of the Kazan Federal University. The created model can be used for the organisation of training system of a new type of teacher. It might as well be used as a model of the school-university partnership for revealing pedagogically gifted children or as an integrated model for the formation of basic teachers’ soft skills in the university
Analysing the Efficiency of Managing the Rural Social Infrastructure in the Region
Get PDFThe article aims to summarise theoretical conclusions and practical results of studying the activities of local bodies on managing the development of rural social infrastructure in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the article, the objective and subjective indicators characterising the efficiency of managing the rural social infrastructure in rural areas of the Mangystau Region for 2013 – 2017 have been analysed. Through the example of a statistical study of the dynamics of the social infrastructure elements and living standards, the features and problems related to the administrative measures that regulate the socio-economic development of auls in the region have been identified. Using the questionnaire survey, the satisfaction of rural residents in the Mangystau Region with the quality of their social infrastructure has been determined. It has been proved that now the subjective assessment of the efficiency of managing the rural social infrastructure is positively correlated (correlated) with the degree of efforts taken by the local administration to improve the quality of rural life. Currently, rural settlements of the Mangystau Region have an average level of social infrastructure development. However, in different areas, the level of residents’ satisfaction with it varies from very low to sufficient