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Knowledge decomposability, strategic alliances and search strategies: evidence from the Nanotechnology industry
No full textIn this dissertation, we examine how the structure of the knowledge base of a firm influences its process of search for innovation and its ability to produce useful – or valuable – innovations. Moreover, we analyze how knowledge bases evolve over time and what role alliances in the industry-wide network have in shaping the structure of knowledge bases.
We define the structure of the knowledge base at the firm level looking at the network of ties between its knowledge elements as captured by technology classes and patent citations. We ask three questions: 1) How does the structure of a firm’s knowledge base evolve over time influencing its ability to produce useful innovation? 2) How does the firm’s position in the industry-wide network of alliances influence a firm in adopting a specific knowledge base structure? 3) How can we model the complex interplay between knowledge bases, search strategies and external innovation landscape?
Creating innovations through the recombination of existing knowledge elements implies navigating through the vast problem space of all possible recombinations (Fleming and Sorenson, 2001). In navigating this space, firms are limited by their ability to process all the potentially relevant variables and the complex set of interactions among these variables. Coupling different elements is a way to solve the so called “combinatorial explosion problem”, namely the impossibility to conduct an exhaustive analysis of all possible combinations. Choices of couplings reduce the search space, decreasing the number of alternative combinations to be considered. These choices determine a knowledge base with a given structure. We test the relationship between different structures and firms’ ability to navigate the search space in the context of the worldwide nanotechnology industry. Moreover, we test the relationship between the network position of a firm and the type of structure adopted. Finally, starting from the insights drawn by our analyses, we propose a new model based on the niche construction theory able to model the complex interplay between knowledge bases, search strategies and external environment, extending our understanding of the process of innovation. Our data are built by merging data from Patstat, S&P Capital IQ and Thomson Reuteurs Datastream. We find support for our hypotheses.In this dissertation, we examine how the structure of the knowledge base of a firm influences its process of search for innovation and its ability to produce useful – or valuable – innovations. Moreover, we analyze how knowledge bases evolve over time and what role alliances in the industry-wide network have in shaping the structure of knowledge bases.
We define the structure of the knowledge base at the firm level looking at the network of ties between its knowledge elements as captured by technology classes and patent citations. We ask three questions: 1) How does the structure of a firm’s knowledge base evolve over time influencing its ability to produce useful innovation? 2) How does the firm’s position in the industry-wide network of alliances influence a firm in adopting a specific knowledge base structure? 3) How can we model the complex interplay between knowledge bases, search strategies and external innovation landscape?
Creating innovations through the recombination of existing knowledge elements implies navigating through the vast problem space of all possible recombinations (Fleming and Sorenson, 2001). In navigating this space, firms are limited by their ability to process all the potentially relevant variables and the complex set of interactions among these variables. Coupling different elements is a way to solve the so called “combinatorial explosion problem”, namely the impossibility to conduct an exhaustive analysis of all possible combinations. Choices of couplings reduce the search space, decreasing the number of alternative combinations to be considered. These choices determine a knowledge base with a given structure. We test the relationship between different structures and firms’ ability to navigate the search space in the context of the worldwide nanotechnology industry. Moreover, we test the relationship between the network position of a firm and the type of structure adopted. Finally, starting from the insights drawn by our analyses, we propose a new model based on the niche construction theory able to model the complex interplay between knowledge bases, search strategies and external environment, extending our understanding of the process of innovation. Our data are built by merging data from Patstat, S&P Capital IQ and Thomson Reuteurs Datastream. We find support for our hypotheses.LUISS PhD Thesi
Climate change regulation: comparing the EU and the US legal approaches
No full textClimate change regulation. Climate change regulators: comparing the EU and the US systems. Models of Climate change regulation. Legal challenges to Climate change regulation: the EUETS and clean power plan litigations. Global regulation of climate change.Climate change regulation. Climate change regulators: comparing the EU and the US systems. Models of Climate change regulation. Legal challenges to Climate change regulation: the EUETS and clean power plan litigations. Global regulation of climate change.LUISS PhD Thesi
Concorrenza nel settore del trasporto aereo e dei servizi aeroportuali
No full textL’abuso di posizione dominante delle compagnie aeree. Competizione e cooperazione tra compagnie aeree. La cessione degli slots come rimedio alla posizione dominante delle compagnie aeree. Abuso di posizione dominante del gestore aeroportuale.L’abuso di posizione dominante delle compagnie aeree. Competizione e cooperazione tra compagnie aeree. La cessione degli slots come rimedio alla posizione dominante delle compagnie aeree. Abuso di posizione dominante del gestore aeroportuale.LUISS PhD Thesi
Dissociazione del rischio dal voto nella sollecitazione di deleghe ed efficientamento dell’allocazione dei costi
No full textIl lavoro affronta il tema della scissione del rischio economico dall'esercizio del diritto di voto principalmente nell’ambito della sollecitazione di deleghe di voto, analizzando in primis l’evoluzione storica del quadro giuridico sia della rappresentanza assembleare sia, in particolare, della sollecitazione di deleghe di voto.
Dopo una premessa di carattere generale, volta ad inquadrare l’istituto in parola nel più ampio contesto legislativo europeo e statunitense, l’attenzione viene rivolta all’approfondimento di due differenti questioni frutto della declinazione della dicotomia rischio-voto nel contesto delle proxy fights.
Da una parte, si intraprende il tentativo, che a quanto consta non è stato ancora affrontato in maniera organica perlomeno in Italia, di sistematizzare le forme di sollecitazione. In particolare, si propongono due distinte categorizzazioni: sulla base di chi detiene l’iniziativa (emittente, soci e/o terzi); ovvero con riguardo alle modalità di sollecitazione (per mezzo di intermediari, banche depositarie, gestioni fiduciari e/o consulenti in materia di voto).
Dall'altra, si tratta, invero, delle problematiche dogmatiche connesse a certi tipi di sollecitazione, con specifico riferimento a quelle in cui l’emittente si fa promotore, nonché delle possibili soluzioni attraverso l’argomentazione di tecniche allocative dei costi in capo all'emittente, beneficiaria di ultima istanza di ogni legittima sollecitazione. Per meglio valutare i punti di tensione in cui la frattura tra il rischio economico ed il diritto di voto inerenti alle posizioni giuridiche soggettive dei singoli soci diviene patologica, l’indagine si sofferma sui possibili limiti in cui dovrebbero incorrere gli amministratori nella promozione di una sollecitazione per il tramite dell’emittente e, viceversa, i margini in cui sarebbe plausibile un rimborso delle spese sostenute dall’azionista o dal terzo a carico dell’emittente.
La ricostruzione sviluppata della vigente disciplina, arricchita dall'analisi della dottrina, nonché da talune pronunzie giudiziali, ha messo in evidenza che l’odierna architettura del sistema assembleare, improntata ad un meccanismo di informativa pre-assembleare tale da incentivarne la partecipazione, si incrina a causa dell’uso distorto di taluni istituti, quali la rappresentanza assembleare, che seppur pienamente legittimi sono facilmente manipolabili con forte rischio di subornazione del socio.
In conclusione, il lavoro intende dimostrare come la garanzia di parità di accesso ai fondi societari possa contribuire all'eguaglianza di trattamento tra gli amministratori e gli azionisti, da una parte, e tra azionisti di maggioranza e quelli di minoranza, dall'altra. E dunque possa anche riuscire ad appianare la dissociazione del rischio economico dall'esercizio del diritto di voto perlomeno nel contesto della sollecitazione di deleghe, ripercorrendo alcune proposte di regolazione della disciplina dell’allocazione dei costi nell'ambito dell’intenso dibattito formatosi sul tema perlopiù nei paesi anglosassoni.Il lavoro affronta il tema della scissione del rischio economico dall'esercizio del diritto di voto principalmente nell’ambito della sollecitazione di deleghe di voto, analizzando in primis l’evoluzione storica del quadro giuridico sia della rappresentanza assembleare sia, in particolare, della sollecitazione di deleghe di voto.
Dopo una premessa di carattere generale, volta ad inquadrare l’istituto in parola nel più ampio contesto legislativo europeo e statunitense, l’attenzione viene rivolta all’approfondimento di due differenti questioni frutto della declinazione della dicotomia rischio-voto nel contesto delle proxy fights.
Da una parte, si intraprende il tentativo, che a quanto consta non è stato ancora affrontato in maniera organica perlomeno in Italia, di sistematizzare le forme di sollecitazione. In particolare, si propongono due distinte categorizzazioni: sulla base di chi detiene l’iniziativa (emittente, soci e/o terzi); ovvero con riguardo alle modalità di sollecitazione (per mezzo di intermediari, banche depositarie, gestioni fiduciari e/o consulenti in materia di voto).
Dall'altra, si tratta, invero, delle problematiche dogmatiche connesse a certi tipi di sollecitazione, con specifico riferimento a quelle in cui l’emittente si fa promotore, nonché delle possibili soluzioni attraverso l’argomentazione di tecniche allocative dei costi in capo all'emittente, beneficiaria di ultima istanza di ogni legittima sollecitazione. Per meglio valutare i punti di tensione in cui la frattura tra il rischio economico ed il diritto di voto inerenti alle posizioni giuridiche soggettive dei singoli soci diviene patologica, l’indagine si sofferma sui possibili limiti in cui dovrebbero incorrere gli amministratori nella promozione di una sollecitazione per il tramite dell’emittente e, viceversa, i margini in cui sarebbe plausibile un rimborso delle spese sostenute dall’azionista o dal terzo a carico dell’emittente.
La ricostruzione sviluppata della vigente disciplina, arricchita dall'analisi della dottrina, nonché da talune pronunzie giudiziali, ha messo in evidenza che l’odierna architettura del sistema assembleare, improntata ad un meccanismo di informativa pre-assembleare tale da incentivarne la partecipazione, si incrina a causa dell’uso distorto di taluni istituti, quali la rappresentanza assembleare, che seppur pienamente legittimi sono facilmente manipolabili con forte rischio di subornazione del socio.
In conclusione, il lavoro intende dimostrare come la garanzia di parità di accesso ai fondi societari possa contribuire all'eguaglianza di trattamento tra gli amministratori e gli azionisti, da una parte, e tra azionisti di maggioranza e quelli di minoranza, dall'altra. E dunque possa anche riuscire ad appianare la dissociazione del rischio economico dall'esercizio del diritto di voto perlomeno nel contesto della sollecitazione di deleghe, ripercorrendo alcune proposte di regolazione della disciplina dell’allocazione dei costi nell'ambito dell’intenso dibattito formatosi sul tema perlopiù nei paesi anglosassoni.LUISS PhD Thesi
Catholic public reason: John Rawls and catholic social teaching: from Vatican II to Pope Francis
No full textThe aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the ways in which the Roman Catholic vision concerning ‘public reason’ presents some pertinent perspectives in contemporary political theory and debate. As part of this overarching objective, the dissertation presents an in-depth theoretical discussion and analysis of Rawls’ political theory on Public Reason, particularly in the context of contemporary political problems within Western societies regarding the issue of religion in the public sphere. In this broad context, the relationship between religion and politics will serve as a central focus of this dissertation, particularly in terms of civil society and the public sphere. The dissertation then establishes linkages between these theoretical concepts and Catholic Social Teaching, underpinned by the aim of proposing a substantial interpretation of Catholicism as a ‘reasonable comprehensive doctrine’. The purpose is to offer a delineation of the essential elements of Catholic Social Teaching that are relevant for the issue of the public participation of the church in the public-political square. This is done with the view to address questions of how the Church can theoretically and practically participate in this sphere, offering publicly-acceptable ‘justifying reasons’: namely a ‘Catholic Public Reason’.
The dissertation will explicitly confirm the possibility of religious support for Rawlsian liberalism and demonstrate that Catholicism is not necessarily incompatible with it. Nevertheless, the dissertation will conclude by arguing that Catholicism generally is not compatible with liberalism from an ideological perspective, evidenced by ideological tensions. Thus, although it is suggested that some dialectical tensions remain, political liberalism, at least in its Rawlsian form, is neither hostile or unfriendly to the presence of religion in the public sphere, as many have traditionally assumed, and Rawls’ public reason – whose aim is not to exclude religion – is actually more welcoming than it is considered by its critics.The aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the ways in which the Roman Catholic vision concerning ‘public reason’ presents some pertinent perspectives in contemporary political theory and debate. As part of this overarching objective, the dissertation presents an in-depth theoretical discussion and analysis of Rawls’ political theory on Public Reason, particularly in the context of contemporary political problems within Western societies regarding the issue of religion in the public sphere. In this broad context, the relationship between religion and politics will serve as a central focus of this dissertation, particularly in terms of civil society and the public sphere. The dissertation then establishes linkages between these theoretical concepts and Catholic Social Teaching, underpinned by the aim of proposing a substantial interpretation of Catholicism as a ‘reasonable comprehensive doctrine’. The purpose is to offer a delineation of the essential elements of Catholic Social Teaching that are relevant for the issue of the public participation of the church in the public-political square. This is done with the view to address questions of how the Church can theoretically and practically participate in this sphere, offering publicly-acceptable ‘justifying reasons’: namely a ‘Catholic Public Reason’.
The dissertation will explicitly confirm the possibility of religious support for Rawlsian liberalism and demonstrate that Catholicism is not necessarily incompatible with it. Nevertheless, the dissertation will conclude by arguing that Catholicism generally is not compatible with liberalism from an ideological perspective, evidenced by ideological tensions. Thus, although it is suggested that some dialectical tensions remain, political liberalism, at least in its Rawlsian form, is neither hostile or unfriendly to the presence of religion in the public sphere, as many have traditionally assumed, and Rawls’ public reason – whose aim is not to exclude religion – is actually more welcoming than it is considered by its critics.LUISS PhD Thesi
Essays on fiscal coordination in the EMU
No full textThe recent crisis has shed light on the weaknesses and the drawbacks of the European
Monetary Union. In particular, many economists and commentators have suggested the
need to complement the existing common monetary policy and stability pacts with some
kind of fiscal union, i.e., enhanced supranational fiscal space and coordination, as a way to
limit the impacts of idiosyncratic shocks and provide more risk sharing.
The economic literature has proposed many solutions along this line, such as the institution
of a European Minister of Finance, a central fiscal authority, Eurobonds, or a coordinated
scheme of unemployment insurance. More specifically, the notion of fiscal union may imply
the development of European revenue sources for the EMU budget, the harmonization of
taxation within the EMU, a mechanism to increase fiscal discipline at both the union and
national levels, building up a union-wide insurance mechanism against financial turbulence,
including debt mutualization.
Examples of these proposals are Ubide (2015) and Corsetti et al. (2015) which propose
Stability Bonds that would give proceeds to member states and could be used to enact
counter-cyclical fiscal policies in the Euro Area. Sapir and Wolff (2015) recommend the
creation of a Eurosystem of Fiscal Policy (EFP) with two goals: fiscal debt sustainability
and an adequate area-wide fiscal position. Guiso and Morelli (2014) propose the creation of
a European Federal Institute to which member states would transfer part of their budget,
equal to some agreed-upon share of the value of the EFI’s accumulated debt. Further, Clayes
et al. (2014) claim that the EMU should adopt a common system of partially centralized
unemployment benefits, coming from the need for counter-cyclical horizontal transfers, which
should act as mutual insurance. Moreover, the European Commission (2012) advances
the idea of building a centralized Eurozone fund which would provide member states with
automatic but temporary fiscal transfers in the case of adverse idiosyncratic shocks (repaid
in good times). Many of these proposals are on the table with the goal of reinforcing the
overall EU governance.
In this work we address two fundamental issues concerning the general Euro Zone architecture
and its prospect. One relates to the implementation of a common EMU fiscal policy,
its ability to stimulate growth during periods of downturns and to smooth out the
effects of adverse shocks, reacting to them at business cycle frequency (aggregate demand
management and fiscal multipliers). The other regards shock absorption across state borders and the strengthening of financial markets’ integration (private risk-sharing) and national
governments’ intervention into credit markets or supranational institutions arrangements
(public risk-sharing).
What comes to light is that a unique European fiscal policy may not be as beneficial as it is
often claimed, because the fiscal transmission mechanisms are quite different across member
states. Indeed, in the first paper of this thesis we show that fiscal multipliers are different
across EMU countries (the analysis concerns Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain).
The study detects instability in the magnitude of the multipliers and in the slopes of the
impulse response functions, both across countries and times, using standard VARs and time
varying parameter VARs (TVP-VAR). We claim that the differences are due to transmission
mechanisms (in the paper they are captured by the beta coefficients of the TVP-VAR) and
driving forces rather than the magnitude and the volatility of national fiscal shocks per se (in
the paper they are captured by the standard deviations of the TVP-VAR residuals). We argue
that the observed degree of heterogeneity in the fiscal multipliers and in the other response
coefficients across EMU countries casts some doubt on the real ability of EMU governments
to coordinate their fiscal actions when needed and on the effectiveness of a common EMU
fiscal policy in stimulating real economic activity.
In the second paper of this dissertation, instead, we study the mechanisms, extent and
characteristics of risk sharing across the EMU. How well do international financial markets
allow for consumption smoothing in member countries facing idiosyncratic shocks? How
effective are public national and supranational institutions in improving risk sharing? Our
analysis extends the work and methodology pioneered by Asdrubali et al (1996) by updating
results up to 2014 and by identifying the role of the European institutions (like the European
Financial Stability Facility (ESFS) or the European Stabilization Mechanism (ESM)) created
right after the great recession with the objective of assisting countries with limited market
access. As a matter of fact, we find that the role played by public official transfers from these
institutions to more vulnerable countries in order to smooth consumption during the great
depression is noteworthy: the ESFS and the ESM have increased the amount of risk sharing
within the EMU.
More specifically, we use the method of variance decomposition first implemented by
Asdrubali et al (1996) to identify the main channels of risk sharing (net factor income,
international transfers and credit markets) and we split the credit market channel into two
parts: smoothing achieved through private institutions (markets) and the public sector (national governments and official European institutions). We find that the European
institutions have largely compensated the reduced role of national governments during the
recent financial crisis.
Based on these contributions, we derive some fiscal policy suggestions and conclusions. First,
we think that there are reasons to be skeptical about the effectiveness and feasibility of a
common fiscal policy for the purpose of stabilizing the business cycle. The reasons are that
the fiscal transmission mechanisms are different among countries; countries need their own
fiscal counter-cyclical measures in order to absorb idiosyncratic shocks, and, last but not
least, European countries are not ready and willing to give up their sovereignty. Secondly,
we suggest another type of coordination for EMU fiscal governance that is based on sharing
resources at central level, through well-functioning and participated European institutions
(along the lines of the ESM), that provide transfers to countries in exceptional circumstances
and during period of downturns.The recent crisis has shed light on the weaknesses and the drawbacks of the European
Monetary Union. In particular, many economists and commentators have suggested the
need to complement the existing common monetary policy and stability pacts with some
kind of fiscal union, i.e., enhanced supranational fiscal space and coordination, as a way to
limit the impacts of idiosyncratic shocks and provide more risk sharing.
The economic literature has proposed many solutions along this line, such as the institution
of a European Minister of Finance, a central fiscal authority, Eurobonds, or a coordinated
scheme of unemployment insurance. More specifically, the notion of fiscal union may imply
the development of European revenue sources for the EMU budget, the harmonization of
taxation within the EMU, a mechanism to increase fiscal discipline at both the union and
national levels, building up a union-wide insurance mechanism against financial turbulence,
including debt mutualization.
Examples of these proposals are Ubide (2015) and Corsetti et al. (2015) which propose
Stability Bonds that would give proceeds to member states and could be used to enact
counter-cyclical fiscal policies in the Euro Area. Sapir and Wolff (2015) recommend the
creation of a Eurosystem of Fiscal Policy (EFP) with two goals: fiscal debt sustainability
and an adequate area-wide fiscal position. Guiso and Morelli (2014) propose the creation of
a European Federal Institute to which member states would transfer part of their budget,
equal to some agreed-upon share of the value of the EFI’s accumulated debt. Further, Clayes
et al. (2014) claim that the EMU should adopt a common system of partially centralized
unemployment benefits, coming from the need for counter-cyclical horizontal transfers, which
should act as mutual insurance. Moreover, the European Commission (2012) advances
the idea of building a centralized Eurozone fund which would provide member states with
automatic but temporary fiscal transfers in the case of adverse idiosyncratic shocks (repaid
in good times). Many of these proposals are on the table with the goal of reinforcing the
overall EU governance.
In this work we address two fundamental issues concerning the general Euro Zone architecture
and its prospect. One relates to the implementation of a common EMU fiscal policy,
its ability to stimulate growth during periods of downturns and to smooth out the
effects of adverse shocks, reacting to them at business cycle frequency (aggregate demand
management and fiscal multipliers). The other regards shock absorption across state borders and the strengthening of financial markets’ integration (private risk-sharing) and national
governments’ intervention into credit markets or supranational institutions arrangements
(public risk-sharing).
What comes to light is that a unique European fiscal policy may not be as beneficial as it is
often claimed, because the fiscal transmission mechanisms are quite different across member
states. Indeed, in the first paper of this thesis we show that fiscal multipliers are different
across EMU countries (the analysis concerns Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Spain).
The study detects instability in the magnitude of the multipliers and in the slopes of the
impulse response functions, both across countries and times, using standard VARs and time
varying parameter VARs (TVP-VAR). We claim that the differences are due to transmission
mechanisms (in the paper they are captured by the beta coefficients of the TVP-VAR) and
driving forces rather than the magnitude and the volatility of national fiscal shocks per se (in
the paper they are captured by the standard deviations of the TVP-VAR residuals). We argue
that the observed degree of heterogeneity in the fiscal multipliers and in the other response
coefficients across EMU countries casts some doubt on the real ability of EMU governments
to coordinate their fiscal actions when needed and on the effectiveness of a common EMU
fiscal policy in stimulating real economic activity.
In the second paper of this dissertation, instead, we study the mechanisms, extent and
characteristics of risk sharing across the EMU. How well do international financial markets
allow for consumption smoothing in member countries facing idiosyncratic shocks? How
effective are public national and supranational institutions in improving risk sharing? Our
analysis extends the work and methodology pioneered by Asdrubali et al (1996) by updating
results up to 2014 and by identifying the role of the European institutions (like the European
Financial Stability Facility (ESFS) or the European Stabilization Mechanism (ESM)) created
right after the great recession with the objective of assisting countries with limited market
access. As a matter of fact, we find that the role played by public official transfers from these
institutions to more vulnerable countries in order to smooth consumption during the great
depression is noteworthy: the ESFS and the ESM have increased the amount of risk sharing
within the EMU.
More specifically, we use the method of variance decomposition first implemented by
Asdrubali et al (1996) to identify the main channels of risk sharing (net factor income,
international transfers and credit markets) and we split the credit market channel into two
parts: smoothing achieved through private institutions (markets) and the public sector (national governments and official European institutions). We find that the European
institutions have largely compensated the reduced role of national governments during the
recent financial crisis.
Based on these contributions, we derive some fiscal policy suggestions and conclusions. First,
we think that there are reasons to be skeptical about the effectiveness and feasibility of a
common fiscal policy for the purpose of stabilizing the business cycle. The reasons are that
the fiscal transmission mechanisms are different among countries; countries need their own
fiscal counter-cyclical measures in order to absorb idiosyncratic shocks, and, last but not
least, European countries are not ready and willing to give up their sovereignty. Secondly,
we suggest another type of coordination for EMU fiscal governance that is based on sharing
resources at central level, through well-functioning and participated European institutions
(along the lines of the ESM), that provide transfers to countries in exceptional circumstances
and during period of downturns.LUISS PhD Thesi
Analisi comparativa degli strumenti deflativi del contenzioso: quali prospettive per l'Italia?
No full textIl presente lavoro analizza gli esistenti strumenti di deflazione del contenzioso fiscale, al fine di
individuare più efficaci soluzioni per la prevenzione di tali controversie.
Il tema trattato dalla ricerca risponde alla crescente necessità di migliorare l’attuale legislazione di
diritto interno, consentendo al contribuente di evitare i costi ei tempi richiesti dall’istaurazione di un
giudizio.
In particolare, viene esaminata la disciplina della mediazione fiscale adottata nei principali Paesi del
mondo, quali gli Stati Uniti d’America, il Canada, l’Australia, nonché di quelli appartenenti al diritto
dell’Unione, con particolare approfondimento del sistema olandese.
L’analisi comparativa evidenzia le varie soluzioni adottate da tali Stati per la soluzione amministrativa
delle controversie tra autorità fiscali e contribuenti, sottolineando i relativi aspetti critici e di successo e
stimolando una discussione su una possibile evoluzione degli strumenti deflativi presenti in Italia.Il presente lavoro analizza gli esistenti strumenti di deflazione del contenzioso fiscale, al fine di
individuare più efficaci soluzioni per la prevenzione di tali controversie.
Il tema trattato dalla ricerca risponde alla crescente necessità di migliorare l’attuale legislazione di
diritto interno, consentendo al contribuente di evitare i costi ei tempi richiesti dall’istaurazione di un
giudizio.
In particolare, viene esaminata la disciplina della mediazione fiscale adottata nei principali Paesi del
mondo, quali gli Stati Uniti d’America, il Canada, l’Australia, nonché di quelli appartenenti al diritto
dell’Unione, con particolare approfondimento del sistema olandese.
L’analisi comparativa evidenzia le varie soluzioni adottate da tali Stati per la soluzione amministrativa
delle controversie tra autorità fiscali e contribuenti, sottolineando i relativi aspetti critici e di successo e
stimolando una discussione su una possibile evoluzione degli strumenti deflativi presenti in Italia.LUISS PhD Thesi
Crisis management in project based organizations and mega projects: an integrated approach
No full textThis doctoral dissertation addresses crisis management in project based organizations (PBOs)
and mega projects. There has been much research on crisis in organizations but there has been
little attention given to crisis management in temporary organization settings and when multiple
stakeholders are involved. In other words, research on “how crisis management is adopted by
project based organizations and mega projects” are scarce. This study addresses this gap. This
study’s objective is to identify crises that are caused by the internal and external environment of
project based organizations and mega projects and then manage these crises with organizational
capabilities and sense making process. The dissertation consists of a compilation of three papers.
This research proposes three studies on different yet interrelated crisis management topics. They
are categorized into three research areas: taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster, crises and
capabilities in project based organizations and sense making process of crisis in mega projects.
Taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster is addressed by Chapter 2, which identifies the
dimensions from literature and develops taxonomy; it is a first step toward management. The
second research area (i.e., crisis and capability in PBOs) has led to the development of Chapter 3
which respectively identities crisis that could impact PBO’s performance and investigates PBOs
capabilities required for management of crises. It derived a conceptual framework of crises and
capabilities that contains internal social, external social, internal technical and external technical
crises (independent variables), performance i.e. project performance and stakeholder
performance (dependent variables) and project based organizations’ capabilities such as
strategic, functional and project capabilities (moderating variable). Sense making process is
examined in Chapter 4, and it explores and develops a sense making process in mega projects
where multiple organizational stakeholders are involved. Sense making/ giving model contains
element of information gathering (internal and external sources), crisis interpretation
(exogenous/ endogenous, social and technical crisis), report/record (ask for compensation, report
crisis to stakeholders or escalate to higher level within organization) and response (reactive and
direct/ indirect response). The research reported in the dissertation is based on a multi- method
approach of both quantitative i.e. survey of project based organizations and qualitative methods
i.e. single-case study of mega project. The survey was conducted in IT, Telecom and construction companies in Pakistan. The case study has been conducted on new International
airport in Islamabad, Pakistan.
To conclude, the dissertation (a) identifies differences and similarities between risk, crisis and
disaster, (b) develops taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster by identifying dimensions (c)
identifies crises that could impact project based organizations’ performance. For which both
short term (project performance) and long term performance (stakeholder performance) are
considered, (d) explore capabilities perspective on project-based organizations (strategic,
functional, and project capabilities) and develops a conceptual framework that embraces the
organizational capability to manage the relation between crises and organizational performance,
(e) develops a sense making/ giving model for crises in mega projects when multiple
organizational’ stakeholders are involved, (f) identifies different sense making and sense giving
elements and (g) develop a grounded theory model that contain sense making/ giving elements.This doctoral dissertation addresses crisis management in project based organizations (PBOs)
and mega projects. There has been much research on crisis in organizations but there has been
little attention given to crisis management in temporary organization settings and when multiple
stakeholders are involved. In other words, research on “how crisis management is adopted by
project based organizations and mega projects” are scarce. This study addresses this gap. This
study’s objective is to identify crises that are caused by the internal and external environment of
project based organizations and mega projects and then manage these crises with organizational
capabilities and sense making process. The dissertation consists of a compilation of three papers.
This research proposes three studies on different yet interrelated crisis management topics. They
are categorized into three research areas: taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster, crises and
capabilities in project based organizations and sense making process of crisis in mega projects.
Taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster is addressed by Chapter 2, which identifies the
dimensions from literature and develops taxonomy; it is a first step toward management. The
second research area (i.e., crisis and capability in PBOs) has led to the development of Chapter 3
which respectively identities crisis that could impact PBO’s performance and investigates PBOs
capabilities required for management of crises. It derived a conceptual framework of crises and
capabilities that contains internal social, external social, internal technical and external technical
crises (independent variables), performance i.e. project performance and stakeholder
performance (dependent variables) and project based organizations’ capabilities such as
strategic, functional and project capabilities (moderating variable). Sense making process is
examined in Chapter 4, and it explores and develops a sense making process in mega projects
where multiple organizational stakeholders are involved. Sense making/ giving model contains
element of information gathering (internal and external sources), crisis interpretation
(exogenous/ endogenous, social and technical crisis), report/record (ask for compensation, report
crisis to stakeholders or escalate to higher level within organization) and response (reactive and
direct/ indirect response). The research reported in the dissertation is based on a multi- method
approach of both quantitative i.e. survey of project based organizations and qualitative methods
i.e. single-case study of mega project. The survey was conducted in IT, Telecom and construction companies in Pakistan. The case study has been conducted on new International
airport in Islamabad, Pakistan.
To conclude, the dissertation (a) identifies differences and similarities between risk, crisis and
disaster, (b) develops taxonomy among risk, crisis and disaster by identifying dimensions (c)
identifies crises that could impact project based organizations’ performance. For which both
short term (project performance) and long term performance (stakeholder performance) are
considered, (d) explore capabilities perspective on project-based organizations (strategic,
functional, and project capabilities) and develops a conceptual framework that embraces the
organizational capability to manage the relation between crises and organizational performance,
(e) develops a sense making/ giving model for crises in mega projects when multiple
organizational’ stakeholders are involved, (f) identifies different sense making and sense giving
elements and (g) develop a grounded theory model that contain sense making/ giving elements.LUISS PhD Thesi
Créer la solidarité transnationale à travers le visuel à l’ère des médias sociaux: une enquête sur la seconde révolution égyptienne
No full textLa tesi si prefigge l’obiettivo di dimostrare, attraverso un’analisi della Rivoluzione
egiziana del 2013, come l’affermazione nei social media di immaginari cosmopoliti
globalmente diffusi fornisca alle istanze sociali e politiche in grado di padroneggiarli
uno strumento inedito ed efficace per suscitare una presa di coscienza transnazionale,
favorendo una reazione solidale nei confronti di rivendicazioni a scala prettamente
nazionale.La tesi si prefigge l’obiettivo di dimostrare, attraverso un’analisi della Rivoluzione
egiziana del 2013, come l’affermazione nei social media di immaginari cosmopoliti
globalmente diffusi fornisca alle istanze sociali e politiche in grado di padroneggiarli
uno strumento inedito ed efficace per suscitare una presa di coscienza transnazionale,
favorendo una reazione solidale nei confronti di rivendicazioni a scala prettamente
nazionale.LUISS PhD Thesi
Are critical citizens a threat to democracy? Political trust and economic crisis in Europe
No full textDemocratic crisis and organized distrust: what is the democratic deficit. Change or crisis? Citizens, parties and institutions in advanced
industrial democracies: theoretical perspectives. Cross-national determinants of political trust and democratic
responsiveness: consolidated trends and directions of analysis. Political disaffection and political performance: economic crisis and
political. The institutional perspective: the political consequences of economic
crisis. A threat from below? Critical citizenship in times of economic crisis: a tale from European countries.Democratic crisis and organized distrust: what is the democratic deficit. Change or crisis? Citizens, parties and institutions in advanced
industrial democracies: theoretical perspectives. Cross-national determinants of political trust and democratic
responsiveness: consolidated trends and directions of analysis. Political disaffection and political performance: economic crisis and
political. The institutional perspective: the political consequences of economic
crisis. A threat from below? Critical citizenship in times of economic crisis: a tale from European countries.LUISS PhD Thesi