MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi
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The History of the Labour Movement in South Korea 1947-1997: The Role of Blue Collar and White Collar Workers
No full textTulisan ini membahas mengenai perkembangan gerakan buruh di Korea Selatan sejak awal kemerdekaan hingga kini. Menurut saya, saat gerakan buruh kuat, ia memiliki efek yang lebih kuat pula pada proses demokratisasi karena adanya akar sejarah gerakan buruh dalam melawan feodalisme dan imperialisme. Temuan lainnya adalah bahwa kehadiran rezim demokratis tidak berarti bahwa aspirasi kelompok buruh dapat terakomodasi. Tekanan kekuatan neo-liberal, baik pada level nasional maupun internasional, dapat menekan pemerintahan yang demokratis untuk mengikuti kepentingan pemilik modal besar, khususnya dalam memaksakan sistem kerja kontrak. Namun, aliansi antara gerakan buruh dengan elemen masyarakat sipil dapat melawan dan menolak kebijakan ini. Faktor lain yang penting yang memengaruhi gerakan buruh adalah demokratisasi dan globalisasi. Jika demokratisasi memperkuat gerakan buruh, maka globalisasi berusaha mengontrolnya. Namun demikian, dinamika relasi antara pemerintah dan gerakan buruh di Korea Selatan menunjukkan bahwa aliansi antara buruh, mahasiswa, dan gereja dapat mempersatukan masyarakat sipil melawan baik pemerintah maupun kekuatan neo-liberal.Tulisan ini membahas mengenai perkembangan gerakan buruh di Korea Selatan sejak awal kemerdekaan hingga kini. Menurut saya, saat gerakan buruh kuat, ia memiliki efek yang lebih kuat pula pada proses demokratisasi karena adanya akar sejarah gerakan buruh dalam melawan feodalisme dan imperialisme. Temuan lainnya adalah bahwa kehadiran rezim demokratis tidak berarti bahwa aspirasi kelompok buruh dapat terakomodasi. Tekanan kekuatan neo-liberal, baik pada level nasional maupun internasional, dapat menekan pemerintahan yang demokratis untuk mengikuti kepentingan pemilik modal besar, khususnya dalam memaksakan sistem kerja kontrak. Namun, aliansi antara gerakan buruh dengan elemen masyarakat sipil dapat melawan dan menolak kebijakan ini. Faktor lain yang penting yang memengaruhi gerakan buruh adalah demokratisasi dan globalisasi. Jika demokratisasi memperkuat gerakan buruh, maka globalisasi berusaha mengontrolnya. Namun demikian, dinamika relasi antara pemerintah dan gerakan buruh di Korea Selatan menunjukkan bahwa aliansi antara buruh, mahasiswa, dan gereja dapat mempersatukan masyarakat sipil melawan baik pemerintah maupun kekuatan neo-liberal. 
Koalisi Ornop Pasca Orde Baru: Studi tentang Jaringan Walhi dalam Kampanye Isu Hutan
No full textOne kind of campaign that do by lot of non-governmental organization that focus their movement on environmental issue is forestry issue campaign. Walhi as one of the biggest environmental organization in Indonesia is always powerful on doing forestry issue campaign. this campaign is held in order to show their empathy with forest problems in Indonesia nowadays. Forestry issue campaign is held to aware the government and our society that they need to save our forest is do by work alone as one organization or work together, build network with another non governmental organization in order to make some non governmental organization coalition. this coalitions’s function is to strengthen, support forestry issues that do by Walhi and another non-governmental organization
Tambang dan Perlawanan Rakyat: Studi Kasus Tambang di Manggarai, NTT
No full textSince a little over a decade ago, Mining Corp. had come to maintain a challenging role in the presence of the host government and local indigenous community, particularly landowners. the reflection of tensions and social complexities have become apparent in Manggarai, Flores, Ntt (an exception to many advanced countries with indigenous communities). Mining Corp. did not cultivated a favourable relationship with the indigenous local communities. In other words, they tend to have expansive destruction in local communities. In recent years, global corporations have been speaking the language of development. While corporations are increasingly being imputed a major development role by multilateral organizations, this remains a controversial topic. Even more controversial is the question of whether corporations make a meaning ful contribution to development in conflict situations or the absence of democratic government. Some Corp, such as Pt Sumber Jaya Asia, do try to justify their operating in Manggarai with some legal basis from local government. this paper contends local resistance through ecocide phenomenon.  
Governmentality dan Pemberdayaan dalam Advokasi Lingkungan: Kasus Lumpur Lapindo
No full textthis essay examines the social movement within the upturn of environmental problem in ecological disaster case in Sidoarjo. Bringing up the new social movement paradigm, environmental movement is a form of resistance that has never been classified as a Marxist class consciousness social movement. the author argues that Social movement could also be the result of the problem rising from environmental degradation as an effect of state industrialization. As a movement which is not based on determinism of certain class awareness, collaboration turns into important factor of civil society consolidation forces. However, NGO initiative in building alliance with grassroots habitually yields a new problem. the author proposes that NGO’s endeavor to collaborate with the grassroots in the name of empowerment, potentially, could fall into a form of new subjection, coined by Foucault, as governmentality
Eksklusi Sosial dalam Anggaran Publik Studi Kasus di Ngawi, Lamongan, dan Makasar
No full textThe article aims to describe the process of social exclusion and inclusion within local government budget (APBD) in Lamongan and Ngawi East Java in 2006-2008, and Makasar South Sulawesi in 2009. Social exclusion was indicated by the absent of public participation in the decision making process. Social exclusion for public local budget appeared in regulation level such as unclear mechanism of public participation and the constraints to access budget documents. Those lead to avoid civil society to understand the real local budget. However, civil societies in three regions made several strategies to reduce social exclusion. The process was begun by attempts to open public access for budget forums and budget documents by developing cooperation with member of local parliament. The next step of the process was civil society organizations attending budget deliberation forums to analyze the documents using a simple method to compare between public and apparatus expenditure. The result of budget analysis showed that public budget excluded public interest as the most important aspect of social exclusion in public budge
Kaum Miskin Kota, Sampah, dan Rumah: Studi tentang Akses Migran Miskin terhadap Sumber Daya Lingkungan dan Perumahan di Tangerang
No full textA slum or squatter is identified by poor quality of housing and unsanitary conditions. the common agreed explanation of the conditions is to link the rapid growth of population, poverty and environment limitations. It implies that, internal factors of the poor people was the major cause the environmental deteorization. this article is an attemp to explore another explanation. It argued that external factors, i.e. government polices, are the ultimate cause. Using the case of waste management and urban housing supply system, the article propose a different view. the poor and unsanitary housing was the result of lack and absence of city government programm on the place. Any local initiatives to manage waste and improve housing conditions will be bumped by the fact no local waste management system is connected to municipal waste management system. As an implication, this article offers a new perspective to the existence of slum and squatter. It must be seen as a necessity and an integral part of urban developmen
Dinamika Otonomi Tubuh Perempuan: Antara Kuasa dan Negosiasi atas Tubuh
No full textThis paper discusses about sexuality and autonomy of woman’s body through a study of sexy dancers in entertainment industry in Malang, East Java. Entertainment industry, including night club industry is capital manifestation and contest arena of any kind of ideology like capitalism and patriarchy. However, woman still can show her autonomy of her body instead of being a commodity object. She can make her body as a subject. In this case, she, herself, becomes a doer of commodity of her body. The dynamic of woman’s authority of her body is influenced by a certain setting and context. It can be seen in social relation done by sexy dancers with other actors. She can have high bargaining position and negotiation of her body when she relates to a certain actor, but on the other side she may not have an autonomy of her body when she relates to another actor. The autonomy of her body is multi dimension and not absolute
Jaringan Sosial dan Variasi Pekerjaan Para Migran di Kota Samarinda
No full textMigration in Samarinda city has always had an important role in long-term changes within social processes; corresponding to historical and political trends rather than just to short-term economic calculation. During the social-political history in Indonesia, migration was seen as a crucial survival strategy. Migration has been a crucial factor contributing to economic growth and poverty reduction in both places of origin and destination. Moreover, it has been seen that within Samarinda, peasants tend to keep social ties with the place of origin using circular migration as a transitional step to explore opportunities in urban settings and to expand livelihood security during the transitional periods before possible permanent migration is established. Samarinda growth by migran even there was born, its as represent of new city character In Indonesia