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In vitro evaluation of the effect of galectins on Schistosoma mansoni motility
Get PDFObjective: Galectins are sugar-binding proteins that participate in many biological processes, such as immunity, by regulating host immune cells and their direct interaction with pathogens. They are involved in mediating infection by Schistosoma mansoni, a parasitic trematode that causes schistosomiasis. However, their direct effects on schistosomes have not been investigated. Results: We found that galectin-2 recognizes S. mansoni glycoconjugates and investigated whether galectin-1, 2, and 3 can directly affect S. mansoni in vitro. Adult S. mansoni were treated with recombinant galectin-1, 2, and 3 proteins or praziquantel, a positive control. Treatment with galectin-1, 2, and 3 had no significant effect on S. mansoni motility, and no other differences were observed under a stereoscopic microscope. Hence, galectin-1, 2, and 3 may have a little direct effect on S. mansoni. However, they might play a role in the infection in vivo via the modulation of the host immune response or secretory molecules from S. mansoni. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the direct effect of galectins on S. mansoni and helps in understanding the roles of galectins in S. mansoni infection in vivo.Article number: 266 (2023) Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data
ダイ13カイ ジョウサイ ゲンダイセイサク ケンキュウカイ ゴアンナイ チラシ
Get PDF日時：2024年1月24日(水）15 : 35〜17 :15 場所：清光会館-301 発表者：塚越 健司 氏 テーマ：「フーコー思想からみた『定量化された自己』」 司会者：淵田 仁 氏 ※第13回研究会（総括）および 塚越 健司 氏発表レジュメ資料を含
Development of Antifungal Natural products and their Derivatives with Anti-hyphal Activity against Candida albicans
Get PDF本研究課題では深在性カンジダ症の原因菌であるCandida albicansの酵母形から菌糸形への形態変化を阻害する化合物について天然由来化合物の単離及びその誘導体の化学合成から探索した。海洋由来真菌から単離したdehydrocurvularinはC. albicansの菌糸形成阻害活性を示し、さらにヒト細胞上でも同様の効果を示すことが明らかになった。また、クロサイワイタケ科のキノコより単離されたベンゾフェノン化合物childinin Eを合成し、菌糸形成阻害作用を見出した。さらに合成した多環式ピリドン誘導体についても同様に評価し、チオフェンを有する誘導体が有用であることを明らかにした。This study was isolation and synthesis of compounds with anti-hyphal formation against Candida albicans to develop novel type of antifungal agents. As a result, dehydrocurvularin isolated from marine-derived fungus Curvularia aeria showed anti-hyphal formation activity. This anti-hyphal formation activity showed on the human cell line. The synthetic pyridone and benzophenone derivatives also showed anti-hyphal formation activity.科学研究費助成事業研究成果報告書 研究種目：若手研究, 研究期間：2020～2022, 課題番号：20K16029 研究分野：天然物化学, 研究者番号：40825402. 7p
Application of tranduducer power device develope by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal method for Health and environmental monitoring sensor
Get PDF圧電薄膜材料における環境保全観点とエネルギー貯蔵やＳＡＷディバイスセンサー等への要望が高まっていることから当初予定された超音波アシスト水熱合成法による鉛系ＰＺＴ圧電厚膜の生成から非鉛圧電薄膜の生成を着目点として研究を進めた。具体的には、非鉛材料であるLiNbO3とLiTaO3単結晶を基板としてKNbO3薄膜の生成を実験、シミュレーション両方で実施した。成膜の実験から反応時間と温度を制御することによって膜の最適化が可能となり一回の生成でLiNbO3基板上に約２７μmのKNbO3薄膜の成長に成功した。薄膜の圧電性質・光学性質をレーザドップラ振動計（LDV）と分光測定方法により求めることができた。Due to the growing awareness of environmental hazard and demand on new type of small-scale energy harvester, SAW device sensors, research goal was focused on synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric material from synthesis of thick PZT film for high power application by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal method. In this research, KNbO3, LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 materials which has higher Curie temperature then PZT as well as high piezoelectric properties and optical properties. Well-ordered KNbO3 film was synthesized on LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 single crystal substrates by hydrothermal method. Simulation was also carried out to understand size effect and resonance frequency of synthesis films. 27μm thick KNbO3 film was synthesized on LiNbO3 single crystal substrate by single reaction for the first time. Piezoelectric properties and optical properties of synthesized film was evaluated by Laser Doppler Vibration (LDV) and Optical absorbance measurements. Measurement results showed prominent results.科学研究費助成事業研究成果報告書 研究種目：基盤研究(C)（一般）, 研究期間：2019～2022, 課題番号：19K04411 研究分野：非鉛圧電材料、バイオセンサー、エネルギーハーベスト, 研究者番号：60807915. 9p
Posthumanist Approach to the Role of Textbooks that Underpins Student Engagement in English Language Learning under Covid-19: A Case from Japanese Universities
Get PDFThis study investigates how paper-based textbooks were used in online English language teaching in Japanese universities during the COVID-19 pandemic, applying a posthumanist approach. Two online surveys were conducted with 126 students to examine their perception of the role and the use of paper textbooks in online classes in 2020 and 2021. Results of the obtained data and free description showed that students effectively engaged in online learning in both home space and classroom, and paper-based textbooks assisted them in developing a sense of community by sharing the same contents remotely. These results suggest that paper-based textbooks worked effectively in the pandemic-driven online learning environment. The findings are also underpinned by Japan's education policy of providing free textbooks from elementary to secondary education. At the same time, it appeared that students gradually got accustomed to online learning and began seeking new materials that would give them more options and fit online teaching. Future research would include uncovering the relationship between teachers' beliefs and students' actual sense-making processes.本研究では、日本の大学のオンライン英語教育において、COVID19によるパンデミック時に紙の教科書がどのように使用されていたかを、ポストヒューマニズム・アプローチを適用して調査する。2020年と2021年のオンライン授業における紙教科書の役割と使用についての学生の認識を調べるため、126人の大学生を対象に2回のオンラインで質問紙調査（選択肢、自由記述）を実施した。得られたデータと自由記述の結果、学生は、自宅空間と教室の両方でオンライン学習に積極的に取り組んでおり、紙教科書は、同じコンテンツを共有することで学生の一体感を育んだことが示された。これらの結果は、パンデミックをきっかけとするオンライン学習の環境において、紙媒体教科書が有効に機能したことを示唆する。また、初等教育から中等教育までの教科書の無償配布という日本の教育政策も、これらの結果を裏打ちしている。しかし同時に、学生は、徐々にオンライン学習に馴染むにつれて、より多くの学習の選択肢を提供し、オンライン教育にも適合するような新しい教材を求め始めたことが分かった。今後の展望として、教師の信念と生徒の実際の理解プロセスの関係を明らかにする研究が求められる
