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Usefulness of artificial membrane, strat-M®, in the assessment of drug permeation from complex vehicles in finite dose conditions
Get PDFThe ban on the use of animals in testing cosmetic products has led to the development of animal-free in vitro methods. Strat-M® is an artificial membrane engineered to mimic human skin and is recommended as a replacement for skin. However, its usefulness in the assessment of the permeation of cosmetics in in-use conditions remains unverified. No data have been published on its comparative performance with the membrane of choice, porcine skin. The comparative permeability characteristics of Strat-M® and porcine skin were investigated using Franz diffusion cells. Caffeine (CF) and rhododendrol (RD) in complex vehicles with varying concentrations of polyols were applied as finite and infinite doses. Good rank orders of permeation from finite dose experiments were observed for RD. High correlations were observed in RD permeation between Strat-M® and porcine skin under finite and infinite dose conditions, whereas only finite dose conditions for CF were associated with good correlations. Permeation from formulations with high polyol content and residual formulations was enhanced due to the disruption of the integrity of the Strat-M® barrier. The usefulness of Strat-M® in the assessment of dermal permeation may be limited to finite dose conditions and not applicable to infinite dose conditions or formulations applied in layers.11p. Article No.173 Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Nanoparticulation of hyaluronic acid: A new skin penetration enhancing polyion complex formulation: Mechanism and future potential
Get PDFSkin administration is a simple method of therapeutic and cosmetic application. However, the protective barrier provided by the skin makes it challenging to achieve delivery of high molecular weight compounds. Efforts to improve the penetration of hyaluronic acid (HA) have yielded nanoparticulate polyion complexes of HA with poly-l-lysine (HANP), which act as vehicles for delivering HA deeper into the skin. However, the mechanism for this effect and the response of HANP to the skin environment have not been explored. In this study, the penetration of HANP in skin is compared with that of HA, and differences in the pathways are identified. In addition, the properties of the particles in a simulated skin environment are assessed and HANP are found to show morphological changes in response to ions. These findings are expected to pave the way for future transdermal delivery of other high molecular weight ionic compounds such as proteins.Article No.100879 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
