JURNAL CITA HUKUM
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Traditional Wisdom of Adat Law Baduy Community In Farming System In Kanekes Village, Leuwihdamar Lebak Banten
No full textBaduy community, tradition laws were a genealogical community with the type of lineage according to the male line (patrilineal). They believed in a descent or the same origin through the teachings of Sunda Wiwitan religion. The teachings of Sunda Wiwitan were the basis or guidance in their life. In terms of farming that they did was a mandate it religion that they professed or believed. Environmental wisdom in terms of farming with the system of shifting cultivation or dry rice (huma) was a mandate of the teachings of its religion. Masyarakat hukum adat Baduy merupakan komunitas masyarakat yang bersifat geneologis dengan tipe pertalian keturunan menurut garis laki-laki (patrilineal). Mereka mempercayai satu keturunan atau asal usul yang sama melalui ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan. Ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan ini merupakan dasar atau pedoman dalam kehidupan masyarakatnya. Dalam hal bercocok tanam yang mereka jalankan merupakan amanat agama Sunda Wiwitan yang mereka anut atau percayai. Kearifan lingkungan dalam hal bercocok tanam dengan sistem ladang berpindah atau sawah kering (huma) adalah amanah dari ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.539
Existence of Clemency as President Prerogative Right (Comparison Study of Indonesia with Countries of the World)
No full textThe debate about the existence of clemency as a prerogative of the president stems from the understanding that the rights is coming independently from the authority and without any branches of power. In this context, the comparative study of the constitutional norms in some countries in the world related to the norm of clemency is important to read the tendency of other countries about clemency rules. This study shows that the constitutional norm of countries in the world basically has the same tendency in the application of clemency by the president; there is involvement of other branches of power. Some constitutions of the world call the recommendation, hearing, information, consultation, advice, in accord, concurrence (approval) and others. The involvement of other branches of power in the grant of pardon does not mean reducing the authority of the president (prerogative), but it has become a tendency in almost all modern states to embrace the system of government power within the framework of public accountability. The term prerogative of the president (absolute) in practice is no longer absolute and independent. Perdebatan sepuar eksistensi grasi sebagai hak prerogatif presiden berpangkal pada pemahaman yang menyebut bahwa suatu hak disebut sebagai hak prerogatif presiden jika kewenangan yang lahir dari hak tersebut bersifat khusus dan mandiri tanpa adanya keterlibatan cabang kekuasaan lain. Dalam konteks ini, kajian perbandingan terutama terhadap norma konstitusi di beberapa negara di dunia terkait dengan norma tentang grasi menjadi penting untuk memotret kecenderungan yang dimiliki negara-negara lain dalam hal pengaturan tentang grasi. Kajian ini menunjukan bahwa norma konstitusi negara-negara di dunia pada dasarnya memiliki kecenderungan yang sama dalam penerapan pemberian grasi oleh presiden, yakni ada keterlibatan cabang kekuasaan lain. Beberapa konstitusi negara-negara di dunia menyebut keterlibatan tersebut dengan menggunakan ragam istilah seperti recomandation, hearing, inform, consultation, advice, in accordance, conccurance (persetujuan) dan lain-lain. Adanya keterlibatan cabang kekuasaan lain dalam mekanisme pemberian grasi bukan berarti mereduksi kewenangan presiden (hak prerogatif), tetapi memang menjadi kecenderungan hampir di semua negara-negara modern untuk menganut sistem pemerintahan yang berusaha menempatkan segala model kekuasaannya dalam kerangka pertanggungjawaban publik, sehingga istilah hak prerogatif presiden (sacara mutlak) dalam prakteknya tidak lagi bersifat mutlak dan mandiri. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.657
Referendum Patterns In General Regional Challenges of Regional Head In 2015 In Three Districts; Tasikmalaya, Blitar And North Timor
Get PDFThe phenomenon of a single candidate for regional heads occurred in the general elections of regionalheads in 2015, especially in three districts of Tasikmalaya, Blitar and North Central Timor. Thesethree areas have varying reasons for the occurrence of only one candidate pairs in the election. Inreality this condition is a form of empirical democracy that can not be rejected and avoided. So thenattempted to find a solution to the democratic party with the condition of only one candidate pair canstill run well. Therefore, the Constitutional Court decided to continue to provide an opportunity forthe regions to conduct regional head elections with only one candidate pair, using mechanisms ofagreeing and disagreeing, or so-called referendum patterns or polls. The public is only obliged todecide whether to agree or disagree with the candidate for the regional head who follows the generalelection. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.709
The Eradication Concept of Illegal Fishing In Keeping The Security And State Sovereignty In The Fisheries: The International And National Legal Perspective of Indonesia
No full textIllegal fishing, not only has an adverse impact on the economy, ecology and social, but also on the larger issue of state sovereignty. Therefore, a legal policy concept that ensures the protection of state sovereignty and the realization of sustainable fisheries development is required. Illegal fishing eradication policy in the legal system in Indonesia has been done through the establishment of various laws and regulations, legally providing legitimacy for the government and law enforcement in eradicating Illegal fishing. However, it has not been maximum to ensure sustainable fisheries development due to incomplete policies and the establishment of a fishery court that has not been effective yet as a special court to solve criminal offenses in the field of fisheries. Therefore, it is necessary the concept of eradicating illegal fishing that can realize sustainable fisheries development and maintain the sovereignty of the state in the future with the concept of legislation to eradicate illegal fishing. Penangkapan ikan secara melawan hukum (illegal fishing), tidak saja berdampak buruk terhadap ekonomi, ekologi, dan sosial, tetapi pada persoalan yang lebih besar yaitu kedaulatan negara. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah konsep kebijakan hukum yang dapat menjamin terlindunginya kedaulatan negara dan tewujudnya pembangunan perikanan berkelanjutan. Terdapat dua permasahalan pokok dalam penelitian ini : pertama, apakah kebijakan pemberantasan Illegal fishing dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia yang berlaku saat ini dapat menjamin pembangunan perikanan berkelanjutan ?kedua, bagaimanakah konsep pemberantasan illegal fishing yang dapat mewujudkan pembangunan perikanan berkelanjutan dan menjaga kedaulatan negara pada masa yang akan datang ? Hasil analisis penelitian ni menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, Kebijakan pemberantasan Illegal fishing dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia saat ini telah dilakukan melalui pembentukan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengandung dua aspek penting yaitu; pertama, kebijakan kriminalisasi perbuatan illegal fishing dalam undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 2004 tentang perikanan maupun dalam undang-undang Undang-undang Nomor 45 tahun 2009 tentang perubahan atas undang-undang nomor 31 tahun 2004 tentang perikanan dan Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan tentang No. 56/PERMEN-KP/2014 tentang Penghentian Sementera (Moratorium) Perizinan Usaha Perikanan Tangkap di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP) Negara Republik Indonesia secara hukum memberikan legitimasi bagi pemerintah dan penegak hukum dalam pemberantasan Illegal fishing, namun belum maksimal dapat menjamin pembangunan perikanan berkelanjutan karena kebijakan yang belum komprehensif dan , pembentukan pengadilan perikanan yang hingga kini belum efektif sebagai pengadilan khusus untuk menyelesaikan tindak pidana di bidang perikanan. Kedua, Konsep pemberantasan illegal fishing yang dapat mewujudkan pembangunan perikanan berkelanjutan dan menjaga kedaulatan negara pada masa yang akan datang adalah konsep legislasi pemberantasan illegal fishing. Arah kebijakan pemberantasan illegal fishing ke depan yang dapat menjaga kedaulatan negara di bidang perikanan adalah dengan pengaturan dalam satu undang-undang tersendiri tentang pemberantasan illegal fishing.Penelitian ini menyarankan beberapa rekomendasi, pertama,untuk menjamin bahwa kebijakan pemberantasan illegal fishing yang komprehensif dan dapat menjaga kedaulatan dan keamanan negara maka Presiden RI dan DPR RI dapat menggunakan hak inisiatifnya untuk mengajukan RUU pemberantasan illegal fishing (RUU pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perikanan) sebagai bagian dari program legislasi nasional pada 2015-2019. Kedua, Dalam proses pembahasan RUU illegal fishing (RUU pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perikanan) terdapat beberapa aspek-aspek yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk diatur yaitu aspek kelembagaan, mekanisme kerjasama antar lembaga, pembentukan satuan tugas (satgas) tetap dan lain-lain yang dianggap perlu untuk mendukung sistem pemberantasan illegal fishing. ABSTRACT The impact of illegal fishing not only negative effect for economy, ecology, social but also about state soverignty. For this problem need new legal concept that can guarantine for protection of state sovereignty and fisheries sustainable development. There are two problems of this research ; first, whether the policy of eradiction of illegal fishing under Indonesian law can guaranted and sustainable development fishires ? second, how the concept for eradicting of illegal fishing for soverignty of state and sustainable fishiers development in next ?The result of analyses showed that first, eradiction of Illegal fishing policy in Indonesian law throught legislate varies laws which contains two aspects ; first, criminalization of illegal fishing and formulation of fishires court by act no. 31 /2004 amended throught act no. 45/2009.Second, the concept eradiction illegal fishing that could realization sustainable fisheries development and state sovereignty in next time is legislation of illegal fishing eradiction trhought solely law about eradiction of legal fishing.This research recommended several recommendation, first, house of representative and president of republic of Indonesia initiating to include draft of act about eradiction of illegal fishing in the national legislation program 2015-2019. Second, there are several aspects will be regulate in this draf of act, institutionalization, cooperation between institution, etc. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.412
Diversity in the Child Criminal Justice System
No full textThe Child Criminal Justice System in practice, the child as a victim of sexual violence does not always feel its justice being reversed because the diversion process involving the community, the police, the social department, and the parties concerned does not always have a victim\u27s perspective. The absence of a victim\u27s perspective in resolving the issue of sexual violence through diversities makes restorative justice incapable of restoring and fulfilling justice for child victims of sexual violence compared to the criminal justice system in general because diversity is unable to bridge the gap between the challenges faced by victims and the help available to victims. Legal protection of child victims of crime, especially crimes against morality, with child offenders under the Criminal Justice System which must prioritize the approach of Restorative Justice by guaranteeing the rights of child victims to the efforts of medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation both inside and outside the institution; assurance of safety, whether physical, mental, or social; and ease in obtaining information about case development through diversion. Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak pada praktiknya, anak sebagai korban kekerasan seksual tidak selalu merasakan keadilannya dikemalikan karena proses diversi yang melibatkan masyarakat, polisi, departemen sosial, dan para pihak terkait tidak selalu memiliki perspektif korban. Ketiadaan perspektif korban dalam penyelesaian permasalahan kekerasan seksual melalui diversi membuat keadilan restoratif tidak mampu mengembalikan dan memenuhi keadilan bagi anak korban kekerasan seksual dibandingkan dengan sistem peradilan pidana secara umum karena diversi tidak mampu untuk menjembatani jurang antara tantangan yang dihadapi oleh para korban dan pertolongan yang tersedia untuk para korban. Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban kejahatan, khususnya kejahatan terhadap kesusilaan, dengan pelaku anak menurut Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak yang wajib mengutamakan pendekatan Keadilan Restoratif dengan memberikan jaminan hak anak korban terhadap upaya rehabilitasi medis dan rehabilitasi sosial, baik di dalam lembaga maupun di luar lembaga; jaminan keselamatan, baik fisik, mental, maupun sosial; dan kemudahan dalam mendapatkan informasi mengenai perkembangan perkara melalui diversi. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.657
Judge Optics on Environmental Dispute Dispute Objects, Expiration And Community Participation Principles In The Issuance Of Environmental Document Processing On The Case Of Kendeng
Get PDFDifferent ways of access to justice in Indonesia for minority or homogeneous communities in certainareas that utilize natural resources as part of their lives. Examples of this group are people in themountains kendeng Rembang regency Central Java Province who mostly work as farmers andplanters, against the Governor of Central Java and PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. upon the issuanceof Central Java Governor Decree No. 660.1 / 17/2012 on Environmental Permit for Mining andConstruction of Cement Plant by PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. in Rembang District, Central JavaProvince dated June 7, 2012. Kendeng community took three levels of court lane, namely the StateAdministrative Court of Semarang, the State Administrative High Court of Surabaya and the JudicialReview Review. The case is interesting to examine and a good example of access to justice inIndonesia over the issue of environmental permit issuance, in the context of the development ofenvironmental law studies and state administrative law, in particular judge optics as well as stateadministrative officials on the understanding and interpretation of the General Principles ofGovernance the Good (AUPB). DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.709
Effort of Medan Mayor in Realizing Clean Government (Study About the Practice of Administration in Medan City To Prevent and Acts Criminal Actors of Corruption)
Get PDFThe efforts of Mayor of Medan in creating a clean government in Medan City Government isto promote the rules and policies that have made the central government and implementedby the city government of Medan conditions include (a) the fact Integrity, (b) e-purchasing,(c) e-government, (d) reward (reward) and punishment (punishment), (e) unqualified (WTP)and the Procurement Services Unit (ULP). The role of the Mayor of Medan to prevent andtake action against perpetrators of corruption in the city government of Medan are (a) facingthe principle of transparency in carrying out the functions and duties of office to preventcorrupt practices, (b) make an early warning program of prevention of corruption, (c) andnine steps to eradicate corruption. That support wider community both from the communityorganizations, businesses, and students are needed. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.495
Prevention of Dumping Practice in Asean Free Trade China Free Trade Area (Acfta) Regarding Government Regulation Number 34 Year 2011
No full textThe practice of dumping is the practice of selling imported goods below the normal price of domestic products. This governmental regulation is logical consequence in implementing the dumping regulation on the framework of GATT. Govermental regulation No. 34 Year 2011 on Antidumping and Safeguard Measures Trade does not regulate the substance in detail. The Government Regulation more regulates about procedures. Whereas in Anti Dumping Agreement (ADA) is arranged detail. Currently, foreign products are easy to find in various shopping centers, especially imported goods from China, China\u27s export activities to Indonesia unstoppable since the existing of ACFTA agreement. In the free trade dumping practice and allegation of dumping practice are problems that received big attention by various countries relating effort to realize fair trade practice Praktik dumping merupakan praktik penjualan barang impor di bawah harga normal produk domestik. PP ini wujud konsekuensi logis pemerintah Indonesia dalam melaksanakan ketentuan dumping dalam rangka GATT. PP No. 34 Tahun 2011 Tentang Tindakan Antidumping, Tindakan Imbalan dan Tindakan Pengamanan Perdagangan tidak mengatur substansinya secara detail. Peraturan Pemerintah tersebut lebih mengatur tentang prosedur. Padahal dalam Anti Dumping Agreement (ADA) diatur sedemikian detail. Saat ini produk-produk asing mudah sekali kita temukan diberbagai pusat pembelanjaan, terutama barang-barang impor dari Negara China, kegiatan ekspor China ke Indonesia semakin tidak terbendung tatkala sejak berlakunya perjanjian ACFTA.. Dalam perdagangan bebas praktik dumping dan tuduhan praktik dumping merupakan persoalan yang mendapat perhatian sangat besar oleh berbagai negara karena berkaitan dengan usaha untuk mewujudkan praktik dagang yang adil. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.658