JURNAL CITA HUKUM
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Presidential Threshold Between the Threshold of Candidacy and Threshold of Electability
No full textAbstract. In judicial review on Article 9 of Law Number 42 of 2008 on The Election of President and Vice-President which regulates Presidential threshold, the Constitutional Court refused on the grounds that it is an open legal policy which mandated by Article 6 paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution that the administration of the election of President and Vice-President will be further regulated in a Law. This reasoning is insufficient because Article 6 paragraph (5) regulates procedures (phases of the process), not requirements for candidates of President and Vice President to be eligible on participating in the election. Moreover Article 9 of Law Number 42 of 2008 has the potential to expand the norms as stipulated in Article 6A paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution that the candidates for President and Vice President shall be nominated by a political party or coalition of political parties participating in the election before the election without any other frills (the threshold). Keywords: Presidential Election, Presidential Threshold Abstrak. Dalam pengujian Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 tentang Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden mengatur tentang Presidential threshold. Mahkamah Konstitusi menolak dengan alasan hal tersebut merupakan open legal policy dengan bersandarkan pada Pasal 6 ayat (5) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa tata laksana pelaksanaan pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden lebih lanjut diatur dalam Undang-Undang. Argumentasi tersebut kurang tepat karena Pasal 6 ayat (5) mengatur tata laksananya (proses tahapan pelaksanaan) bukan persyaratan bagi pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden untuk menjadi peserta pemilu. Selain itu, Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 tersebut berpotensi memperluas norma sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 6A ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden diusulkan oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik peserta pemilu sebelum pemilu tanpa adanya embel-embel lain (adanya ambang batas).Kata kunci: Pemilu Presiden, Presidential Threshold
Paradigma Orientasi Mencari Kebenaran Materil Dalam Proses Pembuktian Akta Otentik
No full textAbstract.The process of Imposition of mortgages is carried out by two stages. First stage is giving mortgages with debt secured agreements that will continue to make the requesting mortgages deeds that organized by the official certifier of title deeds and second stage is registration phase that organized by land office as its condition raises the mortgages that burdened. Principally the imposition of mortgages shall be carried out by the mortgages giver, if it will be indispensable the granting of mortgages may uses the attorney that based on the form of authorization for the assigment of a mortgages in front of the Official Certifer of title dees so that raise the requesting mortgages deeds. Based on the research resultd found to point of views in the same case of the judges who “limited formal truth” for the main case which can not be solve than “unlimited formal truth” for main cases which can be solved because the judges freely evaluate the evidence to strengthen the proven fact. Therefore, it’s authentically need the renewal for the new concept of civil law to realized the fairness and usefulnessKeywords: Burden of Proof, Judges, Fairness and usefulnessAbstrak:Proses pembebanan Hak Tanggungan dilaksanakan melalui dua tahap kegiatan, yaitu tahap pemberian Hak Tanggungan dengan cara perjanjian utang-piutang yang dijamin dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah dan tahap pendaftarannya oleh Kantor Pertanahan sebagai syarat lahirnya Hak Tanggungan yang dibebankan. Pada prinsipnya pembebanan hak tanggungan wajib dilakukan sendiri oleh pemberi hak tanggungan, apabila sangat diperlukan pemberi hak tanggungan dapat menggunakan kuasa berdasarkan Akta Surat Kuasa Mebebankan Hak Tanggungan di depan PPAT, sehingga lahirlah Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 (dua) pandangan dalam perkara yang sama majelis Hakim yang menganut “kebenaran formil terbatas” terhadap pokok perkara tidak dapat terselesaikan sedangkan majelis Hakim yang menganut “kebenaran formil tidak terbatas”, terhadap pokok perkara dapat terselesaikan karena Hakim bebas mengevaluasi bukti-bukti guna proses meyakinkan terhadap fakta yang tebukti. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pembaharuan hukum acara perdata dengan konsep baru agar dapat terwujud keadilan dan kemanfaatan.Kata Kunci: Beban Pembuktian, Hakim, Keadilan dan kemanfaata
Legislation Fatwa National Sharia Board-Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI) In the State Economic Policy
No full textAbstract: The impact of the development of Sharia Banking System in Indonesia has led to the establishment of Sharia Supervisory Board and the National Sharia Board. Each institution has a different role. As for the DSN which is an institution under the Indonesian Council of Ulama has the authority in regulating the fatwa (a binding rule in religion) of Islamic financial fatwa which later can be referred as the reference of sharia banking actors, so that this role will close the chance of legal uncertainty in the world of Syariah banking. This is as the rule: "Judge\u27s law eliminates dissent.” Herein lies the significant presence of the National Sharia Board. So that the legislative efforts of DSN-MUI fatwa are an Islamic political stance that seeks to convince that Islamic law can not be separated from the state. Therefore, the legislation of the DSN-MUI fatwa is a necessity for the Muslim community of IndonesiaKeywords: Legislation, National Economy, National Sharia Board. Abstrak: Dampak perkembangan Sistem Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia menimbulkan adanya kebijakan pembentukan Dewan Pengawas Syariah dan Dewan Syariah Nasional. Masing-masing lembaga memiliki peran yang berbeda. Akan halnya DSN yang merupakan lembaga di bawah Majelis Ulama Indonesia memiliki kewenangan dalam hal melakukan regulasi fatwa-fatwa keuangan syariah yang nantinya dapat dirujuk sebagai acuan para pelaku perbankan syariah, sehingga dengan adanya peran ini menutup peluang ketidakpastian hukum di dunia perbankan syariah. Hal ini sebagaimana kaidah: “Hukum yang ditetapkan hakim menghilangkan perbedaan pendapat.” Di sinilah letak signifikan kehadiran Dewan Syariah Nasional. Sehingga upaya legislasi fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI yang dilakukan merupakan sikap politik Islam yang berupaya meyakinkan bahwa hukum Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan dari negara. Karenanya legislasi fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI merupakan suatu keharusan dan kebutuhan bagi masyarakat muslim IndonesiaKata Kunci: Legislasi, Ekonomi Nasional, Dewan Syariah NasionalDOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8267
Hubungan Hukum Dokter dan Pasien Serta Tanggung Jawab Dokter Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan
No full textAbstract:The emergence rights and obligations as a result of legal relationship between doctors and patients could potentially trigger a dispute between doctors and patients or medical disputes. In an effort to avoid or reduce medical disputes, it is necessary to understand the construction of the legal relationship between doctor and patient. From this legal relationship which will result legal actions and gave rise to legal consequences. In a legal effect, it can’t be separated is about who is responsible, as far as what responsibility can be given. It describes that relationship and the patient\u27s physician if constructed, it can be divided based on two factors; transaction of therapeutic and act. In relation patient - physician based therapeutic, known as therapeutic relationship or transaction therapeutic, there is a binding between patients and physicians in the treatment of the disease or treatment. Engagements happens is inspanningsverbintennis and not resultaatsverbintennis, and must comply with the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The relationship between doctor and patient is based on the Act - legislation occurred under Article 1354 of the Civil Code, which formulates zaakwaarneming. Legal relationship that occurs by two things above give rise to legal liability for doctors, the responsibility in the field of disciplinary law, criminal law, civil law and administrative law.Keywords: Doctor, Patient and Legal Relationship.Abstrak:Munculnya hak dan kewajiban sebagai akibat hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien berpotensi memicu terjadinya sengketa antara dokter dengan pasien atau sengketa medik. Dalam upaya menghindari atau mengurangi sengketa medik yang terjadi, maka perlu dipahami mengenai konstruksi hubungan hukum antara dokter dengan pasien. Dari hubungan hukum inilah yang akan melahirkan perbuatan hukum dan menimbulkan adanya akibat hukum. Dalam suatu akibat hukum, hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan adalah mengenai siapa yang bertanggung jawab, sejauh apa tanggung jawab dapat diberikan. Dalam tulisan ini diuraikan bahwa hubungan dokter dan pasien ini jika dikonstruksikan maka dapat dibagi berdasarkan dua hal, yaitu transaksi terapeutik dan undang-undang. Pada hubungan pasien- dokter berdasarkan terapeutik, dikenal hubungan terapeutik atau transaksi terapeutik, yaitu terjadi suatu ikatan antara pasien dan dokter dalam hal pengobatan atau perawatan penyakitnya. Perikatan yang terjadi ialah inspanningsverbintennis dan bukan resultaatsverbintennis, dan harus memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Hubungan dokter dan pasien berdasarkan undang–undang terjadi berdasarkan Pasal 1354 KUHPerdata yang merumuskan tentang zaakwaarneming. Hubungan hukum yang terjadi oleh dua hal diatas menimbulkan tanggung jawab hukum bagi dokter, yaitu tanggung jawab dalam bidang hukum, hukum pidana, hukum perdata dan hukum administrasi.Kata Kunci: Dokter, Pasien dan Hubungan Hukum.
Pengawasan Pengurus Ikatan Notaris Indonesia Kota Padang Terhadap Pelaku Pelanggaran Kode Etik
No full textAbstract.Notary is a profession that demands office holders and the profession has scientific competence and moral competence. Based on the code of ethics, the results of the changes are interesting to see the supervision and enforcement of a code of ethics for notaries who violate the code of ethics by the board of the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). Supervision and enforcement of a notary code of ethics by the Management of the Indonesian Notary Association in the city of Padang is carried out by the Regional Honorary Council. Supervision and enforcement of the code of ethics is carried out in a multilevel manner, if a suspected violation of the code of ethics is not satisfied with the decision of the regional or regional council of honor, then an appeal can be made against the Central Honorary Council. If it has not been satisfied with the decision of the Central Honorary Board, it can be appealed to Congress. While legal issues that arise related to supervision of a Notary who violates the code of ethics by the Management of the Indonesian Notary Association in the City of Padang, namely the inadequacy of rules related to the notary examination event by the Honorary Board of the Notary Association of Indonesian Notaries.Keywords: Supervision, Violation, Code of EthicsAbstrak. Notaris merupakan sebuah profesi yang menuntut pemangku jabatan dan profesi tersebut memiliki kompetensi keilmuan dan kompetensi moral. Berdasarkan kode etik hasil perubahan terlihat pengawasan dan penegakan kode etik terhadap notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran kode etik oleh pengurus Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (INI). Pengawasan dan penegakan kode etik notaris oleh Pengurus Ikatan Notaris Indonesia kota Padang dilaksanakan oleh Dewan Kehormatan Daerah. Pengawasan dan penegakan kode etik dilaksanakan secara bertingkat. Apabila terduga pelanggaran kode etik tidak puas dengan keputusan dewan kehormatan daerah, maupun wilayah, maka dapat mengajukan banding terhadap Dewan Kehormatan Pusat. Jika belum terpuaskan dengan putusan Dewan Kehormatan Pusat, maka bisa diajukan banding ke Kongres. Permasalahan hukum yang timbul terkait pengawasan terhadap Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran kode etik oleh Pengurus Ikatan Notaris Indonesia di Kota Padang yaitu belum memadainya aturan-aturan terkait acara pemeriksaan notaris oleh Dewan Kehormatan Notaris Ikatan Notaris Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Pengawasan, Pelanggaran, Kode Eti
A Patient’s Legal Protection as a Victim of Sexual Harassment on Medical Services in Indonesia
No full textAbstract. A medical service’s effort, the real profession is living call for dedicating self on humanity based on 3 (three) standard which must be obedient, including job’s standard, service’s standard, and standard operational procedure (SOP). These three standards are wishes become characteristic of medical workers and other profession to do a special medical action. The special can be seen by the correction given by law which a permission to do medical step for human body. Furthermore, it is proper while attending profession’s duty to respect and always respect of patient’s right based on glorious value, mind and glory. Yet, in practice many abusement are often found in order to taking care of quality of profession and to straighten up the quality of staff, such as: an abusement received by patient on their recovery time after surgery, due to losing an awareness of patient after given by medical procedure, likes any sexual harassment by medical force environment, so that’s why it is necessary to have an effort of a legal protection to the patient as a victim on a criminal law of sexual harassment.Keywords: Legal protection, Sexual Harassment, Medical ServiceAbstrak: Dalam upaya pemberian pelayanan kesehatan, hakikat profesi merupakan panggilan hidup yang mengabdikan diri pada kemanusiaan yang didasarkan pada 3 (tiga) standard yang harus dipenuhi, meliputi Standard Profesi, Standard Pelayanan, dan Standard Operational Procedure (SOP). Ketiga standard inilah yang diharapkan menjadi ciri khusus dari tenaga kesehatan dan profesi lainnya untuk melakukan suatu tindakan medis tertentu yang mempunyai karakteristik yang khas. Dimana kekhasannya terlihat dari adanya suatu pembenaran yang diberikan oleh hukum yakni diperkenankannya melakukan tindakan medis tertentu terhadap tubuh manusia. Selain itu, sudah selayaknya dalam melaksanakan tugas profesi harus menghormati selalu menghormati hak-hak pasien yang didasari nilai-nilai luhur, keluruhan budi dan kemuliaan demi kepentingan pasien. Namun, dalam prakteknya justru sering terjadi berbagai penyalahgunaan dalam upaya memelihara mutu profesi serta menertibkan mutu para anggotanya, seperti; penyimpangan yang diterima oleh pasien dalam masa pemulihan pasca dilakukannya tindakan medis, dikarenakan hilangnya kesadaran pasien setelah dilakukan tindakan medis, seperti terjadinya pelecehan seksual yang dilakukan kalangan profesi kesehatan, sehingga diperlukan suatu upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap pasien sebagai korban dalam tindak pidana pelecehan seksualKata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Pelecehan Seksual, Pelayanan Kesehata
Principles of Defense (Rechtmatigheid) In Decision Standing of State Administration
Get PDFThe efforts of Mayor of Medan in creating a clean government in Medan City Government isto promote the rules and policies that have made the central government and implementedby the city government of Medan conditions include (a) the fact Integrity, (b) e-purchasing,(c) e-government, (d) reward (reward) and punishment (punishment), (e) unqualified (WTP)and the Procurement Services Unit (ULP). The role of the Mayor of Medan to prevent andtake action against perpetrators of corruption in the city government of Medan are (a) facingthe principle of transparency in carrying out the functions and duties of office to preventcorrupt practices, (b) make an early warning program of prevention of corruption, (c) andnine steps to eradicate corruption. That support wider community both from the communityorganizations, businesses, and students are needed
The Paradigm of Cyberporn On Legal Culture and Religion Perspective
No full textIndonesia as the largest Muslim country should ideally have a society with good legal culture. Criminal offense or a violation related to cyberporn, does not need to happen. Cyberporn crime is not only a legal issue, but it is more complex. The weakness of the legislation, as well as the technological advances that are supported by the low legal awareness of society, it will difficult to tackle the cyberporn crime. The role of religion is needed as ethical teachings. Indonesia, which recognizes the principle of the Deity as its first principle, mean idealizing the condition of religious society. Awareness of the law will also be easily formed in communities that implement the teachings of their religion well, including public awareness for not accessing the cyberporn. : Indonesia sebagai Negara umat muslim terbesar idealnya memiliki masyarakat dengan budaya hukum yang baik. Tindak pidana atau bentuk pelanggaran yang berkaitan dengan cyberporn tidak perlu terjadi. Kejahatan cyberporn tidak hanya merupakan permasalahan hukum, tetapi lebih kompleks. Kelemahan peraturan perundang-undangan serta kemajuan teknologi yang didukung dengan kesadaran hukum masyarakat yang sangat rendah mengakibatkan akan sulit menanggulangi kejahatan cyberporn. Peran agama dibutuhkan sebagai sebuah ajaran etika. Indonesia yang mengakui sila Ketuhanan sebagai sila pertamanya, berarti mengidealkan kondisi masyarakat Indonesia yang religius. Kesadaran terhadap hukum pun juga akan mudah dibentuk dalam masyarakat yang mengamalkan ajaran agamanya dengan baik, termasuk kesadaran masyarakat untuk tidak mengakses cyberporn. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.350
National Legal Reforms about Unofficial Marriage
No full textThe legal consequences of Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 perspective of national law reform are a progressive development of the law. The ruling granted part of the petition for judicial review of Article 2 (2) and Article 43 (1) of Law Number 1 in 1974 concerning Procurement of Articles 28B (1) and (2), and Article 28 D (1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The review of Article 2 (2) of the Marriage Law is not granted because the Constitutional Court is of the opinion that marriage registration is not a marriage restriction, but an orderly form of administration. Material review Article 43 (1) of the Marriage Law is granted by the Constitutional Court so that the child is a legal child. The Constitutional Court\u27s decision on the unofficial marriage has positive and negative implications. One of the positive implications is the recognition of the child\u27s relationship status with his biological father as long as it can prove the relationship and have a negative impact because it creates a sense of calm for the offender unofficial marriage (nikah sirri) and increase the quantity. Akibat hukum putusan MK No.46/PUU-VIII/2010 perspektif pembaharuan hukum nasional merupakan pembangunan hukum progresif. Putusan tersebut mengabulkan sebagian permohonan pengujian materiil pasal 2 (2) dan pasal 43 (1) UUP terhadap pasal 28B (1) dan (2), serta pasal 28D (1) UUD NRI tahun 1945. Pengujian materiil pasal 2 (2) UUP tidak dikabulkan karena Mahkamah Konstitusi berpendapat pencatatan perkawinan bukan pembatasan perkawinan, melainkan bentuk tertib administrasi. Pengujian materiil pasal 43 (1) UUP dikabulkan MK, sehingga anak tersebut berstatus anak sah. Fenomena nikah sirri menurut penulis, putusan MK mempunyai implikasi positif dan negatif. Berdampak positif adanya pengakuan status hubungan anak dengan ayah biologisnya sepanjang dapat membuktikan hubungan tersebut dan berdampak negatif karena menimbulkan rasa tenang bagi pelaku nikah sirri dan bertambah kuantitasnya. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.469
Problematic Issuance of Land Rights Certificate
Get PDFMany people who have not registered ownership rights so that they have no protection andlegal certainty due to several factors: First, factor of land ownership history. Second,community psychology. Third, weakness of land registration rules. Fourth, executorimplementation, intervention BPHTB legislation and other fees. Fifth, the mechanism ofregistration of land is too expensive for the community both procedure and registration fee.The Solution and effort to minimize the occurrence of land disputes society are: first, bypreventing the land dispute case is not repeated. Second, the government immediatelysocialize what and how the issuance of land certificates and the purpose of certificates. Third,If there is dispute in the court that the object is not certified land, the court notifies the urbanvillage and local BPN to block the transaction or the transition of the land immediately. Fourth,each transaction or transition of land with proof of ownership in the form of girik, the witness inthe transaction should be the Village Head and the BPN officer, and fifth, it is better if there island dispute in the court, at least one judge from land law expert, such as non-academicjudges (academics). DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.708