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Analisis Pengaruh Nanofluida TiO2-(Air-Propilen Glikol) Pada Sistem Pendingin Terhadap Kinerja Sistem Pendingin dan Daya Listrik yang Dihasilkan oleh Micropower Generation
No full textAn The use of Micro Power Generation (MPG) or small-scale power plants based on micro combustion using the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) converter type. This study aims to determine the performance of the TiO2 nanofluid cooling system with the basic fluid of water-propylene glycol mixture on the performance of the cooling system in this case, namely temperature and viscosity, as well as the electric power generated by MPG. The research method used is the experimental method. The variables used are variations in the concentration ratio of the mixture of water with propylene glycol which is used as the base fluid for TiO2 nanofluids in the cooling system. The variation of the ratio used for the mixture of propylene glycol and water is 25%: 75% with a total volume of 2.4 L of cooling fluid and 96 grams of nanoparticles. Tests were carried out by combustion in a double meso vortex combustor with propane gas fuel and air. Then the flame is stabilized with a mass flow meter. The temperature of the hot side and cold side of the TEG is measured using a thermocouple to produce a temperature difference (∆T) between the two sides. While the resulting output in the form of voltage (Volt) and current (Ampere) is measured with a multimeter and then accumulated in the form of Power (Watt). The results of the study were taken on average produced by nanofluid variations with 25% propylene glycol and 75% water base fluid of 7.08 watts. The average hot side is 148.35 °C, the average cold side is 36.20 °C with the highest voltage of 9.24 V, and an electric current of 0.77 A. This shows that there is an effect of TiO2-(water-propylene glycol) nanofluid in the cooling system on the performance of the cooling system and the electric power generated by the micropower generation
Pengaruh Jenis Pasir Gunung Dan Pasir Pantai Dengan Menggunakan Uji Alir Spiral Terhadap Karakteristik Hasil Pengecoran Aluminium
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan dua jenis pasir cetak, yaitu pasir gunung dan pasir pantai, terhadap hasil pengecoran logam aluminium ditinjau dari aspek fluiditas, kekerasan, dan struktur mikro. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan desain faktorial, di mana spesimen aluminium dicetak menggunakan media pasir gunung dan pasir pantai dengan variasi suhu penuangan 750 °C, 800 °C, dan 850 °C. Uji fluiditas dilakukan dengan metode spiral, diukur melalui panjang aliran logam cair yang terbentuk dalam cetakan. Uji kekerasan dilakukan menggunakan metode Vickers dengan beban 100 gf dan indentor diamond pyramid, sementara pengamatan struktur mikro dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop metalografi dengan perbesaran hingga 200x. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan suhu penuangan memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan fluiditas logam cair. Jenis pasir juga memengaruhi hasil pengecoran, di mana pasir gunung menunjukkan nilai fluiditas dan kekerasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasir pantai. Struktur mikro hasil pengecoran dengan pasir gunung umumnya memiliki butir yang lebih halus dan seragam, sedangkan pada pasir pantai cenderung terbentuk butiran yang lebih kasar. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis pasir dan suhu penuangan berperan penting dalam menentukan kualitas hasil pengecoran aluminium
Analisis Kinerja Buck Boost Converter LTC3780 Pada Sistem Micro Combustion Untuk Pengisian Baterai Lithium
Full text linkThe use of electronic devices or equipment is inseparable from daily life, which contributes to the increasing demand for electrical energy. The growing electricity consumption in Indonesia encourages many people with various creative ideas to develop tools or generate electricity independently by utilizing existing energy sources. One solution for supplying electrical energy is micro-scale power generation (micropower generation). In this context, the converter module used is a Thermo Electric Generator (TEG). TEG can generate electrical voltage proportional to the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides. The heat source is obtained from the combustor, while the cooling temperature is provided by a cooling system. One of the solutions to stabilize the electrical energy produced by the TEG is to use a buck-boost converter. This research aims to analyze the performance of the LTC3780 buck-boost converter concerning the electrical energy produced by the micropower generation system for battery charging and to determine the efficiency of the LTC3780 buck-boost converter for lithium battery charging with various cell configurations. This research employs a quantitative descriptive data analysis technique combined with a comparative approach. The results of this study indicate that the use of the LTC3780 affects the voltage stability during battery charging, and the number of battery cells also influences the output voltage of the LTC3780. The 3-cell configuration provides the highest and most consistent output voltage throughout the testing period. Furthermore, battery charging efficiency tends to be more optimal with fewer battery cells, particularly in the 1-cell and 2-cell configurations. Conversely, the greater the number of cells used, the lower the charging efficiency tends to be
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA PERKULIAHAN MOTOR BAKAR MAHASISWA PRODI PTM FKIP UNS MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in improving student learning achievement in the Internal Combustion Engine course for second-semester students of the Mechanical Engineering Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University Surakarta, in the 2022 academic year. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) conducted over three cycles, with each cycle consisting of (1) Planning, (2) Implementation, (3) Observation, and (4) Reflection, focusing on actions to improve student learning achievement in the Internal Combustion Engine course. Data collection was carried out using observation methods. The research subjects were students of the Internal Combustion Engine Course, Class A, second semester, of the Mechanical Engineering Education Program, batch 2022, with a total of 42 students. The analysis used in this study is descriptive qualitative analysis. Based on the research results, the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model resulted in an improvement in student learning achievement. The study showed that the students' learning outcomes in the Internal Combustion Engine course in Class A, PTM FKIP UNS, were initially low. The data obtained showed that the percentage of all indicators in the pre-cycle was 69.52%, in the first cycle 96.67%, in the second cycle 72.02%, and in the third cycle 76%. The conclusions drawn from the analysis and discussion of the research are as follows: The application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model can improve student learning achievement in the Internal Combustion Engine course in the PTM FKIP UNS, second semester of the 2023 academic year
PENGARUH SUHU TUANG DAN FLUIDITAS ALUMINIUM (Al-9%Si) TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIS DAN FISIS PADA PENGECORAN EVAPORATIF MODEL BIRMINGHAM
Full text linkThe purposes of this study was: To know the difference influence of temperature variations on the rate of flow fluidity castings foundry results with the model evaporative Birmingham on Al-9% Si(1). To know the difference influence of temperature variations on the level of hardness cast evaporative casting model results in Birmingham Al-9% Si(2). To know the difference in the influence of temperature variations on the microstructure of casting Birmingham’s evaporative model in Al-9% Si. This research uses experimental methods. This study used Aluminum alloy ingots (Al-9% Si). Samples from this study is the result of the influence of temperature variations in the metal aluminum alloy castings against mechanical and physical properties. The number of samples for which there are 3 variations of temperature difference of the three 600°C, 700°C, 800°C. The results of this study were: (1)The measurement results obtained the conclusion that the fluidity between the different temperature variations of the highest value is at a temperature of 800°C and pour the fluidity of the lowest rate at a temperature of 600°C. (2)The mechanical properties of a form of violence each different test specimen temperature variation The greater the importance of the conclusion of the pour temperature hardness value to be dropped or small, because at the lowest temperature faster the freezing process that resulted in the material becomes harder. (3)The results of the microstructure obtained the conclusion that the grains are formed at the tip is greater than the base or middle, so the first freeze occurs on the tip of the middle and then later at the base
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN KOMPETENSI CNC PLASMA CUTTING DI PRODI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN
Full text linkThe CNC Plasma Cutting course is an elective course for mechanical engineering education students who have an interest in deepening their knowledge in welding and cutting using machines with computer technology. The CNC Plasma Cutting practical learning that is currently being carried out is considered not optimal, because the product produced is only a sample. The aim of this research is to: Develop learning tools using practicum modules to meet the learning needs of the CNC Plasma Cutting course in the PTM FKIP UNS Study Program. The method used in this research is development using the ADDIE (Analysis-Design-Develop-Implement-Evaluate) model. The data source comes from students. This development research uses questionnaire data collection techniques. A questionnaire is a written data collection technique. This data collection was carried out to analyze needs and the module evaluation stage. The data obtained from this questionnaire is used as a reference for improving the practicum module being developed. The data analysis technique used is explained as follows. The quantitative data analysis technique in the CNC Plasma Cutting practicum module that was developed was obtained from student assessments. The questionnaire given to students was a closed questionnaire using a Likert scale. The Likert scale is used to measure students' opinions or assessments. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the development of a CNC Plasma Cutting practicum module is very necessary to improve the quality of student learning. The needs analysis shows that this module provides clear structure and guidance, makes it easier for students to take part in practicums, and provides references that can be accessed at any time. The project-based learning method used in this module has succeeded in improving students' practical skills through real projects
Analisis Kinerja Sistem Pengisian Baterai Lithium-Ion Menggunakan Buck Converter LM2596 Pada Micropower Generation Berbasis Thermoelectric
No full textPenelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen. Percobaan ini menggunakan baterai lithium-ion. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali dengan waktu 25 menit dengan interval pengambilan data setiap 5 menit. Pengujian dilakukan dengan pembakaran dalam double meso vortex combustor. Kemudian nyala api distabilkan dengan mass flow meter. Suhu sisi panas dan sisi dingin TEG diukur menggunakan termokopel untuk menghasilkan perbedaan suhu (∆T) antara kedua sisi, output yang dihasilkan berupa tegangan (Volt) dan arus (Ampere), kemudian dihubungkan dengan rangkaian sistem pengisian baterai. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan mengukur output TEG, output buck converter, dan tegangan serta arus input pada baterai menggunakan multimeter. Variasi 1 sel baterai memiliki efisiensi total terbaik dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi lainnya dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 41%, sedangkan untuk efisiensi buck converter tertinggi sebesar 47%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sel baterai mempengaruhi efisiensi kinerja sistem pengisian baterai menggunakan buck converter LM2596 pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro.
Pengaruh Program Praktik Kerja Terhadap Pilihan Jenjang Karir Program Keahlian Teknik Otomotif SMK N 2 Surakarta
No full textCareer planning is a critical component for Vocational High School (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan or SMK) students to ensure their readiness to enter the professional world. As the job market becomes increasingly competitive, students need to be equipped not only with technical knowledge but also with the ability to align their interests, talents, and capabilities with the demands of the industry. Research has shown that students with well structured career plans demonstrate greater confidence, clarity, and competence in making career-related decisions. This study aims to examine the influence of the Industrial Work Practice program on the career development of students enrolled in the Automotive Engineering program at SMK N 2 Surakarta. The program provides students with firsthand industry experience, allowing them to acquire practical skills, improve problem-solving abilities, and enhance their motivation to pursue relevant career paths. To ensure the validity of the research findings, a series of instrument testing procedures were applied, including tests for validity, reliability, normality, linearity, and heteroscedasticity. These steps were crucial in confirming that the data accurately represented the variables under study. Hypothesis testing was carried out using both F-tests and t-tests to determine the individual and collective effects of the Field Work Practice program on students' career choices. The results showed a statistically significant impact of the program on students’ career readiness, particularly in terms of their engagement in the program, the competencies they developed during the practice, and their career motivation
Karakterisasi Kualitas Briket Biomassa Campuran Tempurung Kelapa Dengan Buah Ketapang Terhadap Nilai Kalor dan Laju Pembakaran
No full textThis study aims to determine the characterization of biomass briquettes made from a mixture of coconut shell powder and ketapang fruit powder, using three different composition ratios. The indicators analyzed are the calorific value and the combustion rate produced by the biomass briquettes. The research method used is the Taguchi Method with an experimental model. Three composition ratios of ketapang fruit charcoal powder to coconut shell charcoal powder were used: 60/40, 50/50, and 40/60. All briquette samples were produced with the same density and the same amount of tapioca starch binder, with a density of 0.01083 g/cm³ and 7% tapioca starch based on the total briquette mass of 150 grams. The density measurement in this study follows ASTM D2395-17 standards, with the volume of the biomass briquette calculated as 3.14 × (1.95 cm)² × 3.94 cm. The results show that the composition ratio of 40/60 (ketapang fruit powder/coconut shell powder) produced the highest performance in terms of calorific value and combustion rate, with a calorific value of 6085.38 kcal/g and a combustion rate of 0.20396 g/mi
EFEKTIVITAS TUTOR TEMAN SEBAYA DALAM PENCAPAIAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN GAMBAR TEKNIK MANUFAKTUR
Full text linkIndividual differences in understanding are crucial in education, requiring teachers to tailor learning activities to meet students' needs. This study conducted as a quasi-experiment, involved 72 students from two classes (XI TM A and XI TM B) at SMK Negeri 1 Magelang during the 2023/2024 academic year. The research utilized a post-test only control group design to assess the effectiveness of peer tutoring. The experimental group had an average score of 96.90, while the control group averaged 94.29. The experimental group's scores ranged from 90.5 to 100 and the control group's scores ranged from 77.5 to 97. Statistical analysis using levene's test showed homogeneous data (Pvalue = 0.189 > α = 0.05). The t-test indicated a significant effect of peer tutoring on students' understanding of technical drawing (Tcount = 4.003 > Ttable = 2.000). The study concluded that peer tutoring significantly improves student performance in the manufacturing engineering drawing subject, recommending further research on its effectiveness in other subjects and educational levels