Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
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Knowledge and Attitude of Short Stature and Its Treatment in Saudi Arabia
Full text linkBoth tall and short parents are concerned about their children's short stature. This study aimed to explore the knowledge about short stature (SS) and attitude towards its treatment among the general public of Saudi Arabia. This was a cross-sectional study that utilized an online-administered questionnaire distributed between August 2021 and March 2022. Binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors that affect participants’ knowledge. This study included a total of 6,852 individuals. The vast majority of the participants (77.5%) expressed satisfaction with their height. A total of 40.4% of participants stated that they were aware of a treatment option for their low height. With a mean score of 13.0 (SD:5.8) out of 25, the participants demonstrated a moderate level of knowledge of short stature (52.0%). The majority of participants (78.0%) stated that if they have a problem with short stature or want to enhance their own or their children's height, they are willing to consult a doctor about it. Participants living in the northern and eastern areas, those with bachelor degree, and those working in the healthcare field were more likely to be knowledgeable about short stature compared to others (p≤0.01). Saudi Arabians have a moderate understanding of SS, which needs to be improved. Campaigns to increase the general public's and parents' knowledge about SS, which is ultimately connected to earlier diagnosis and better management outcomes, are needed. Additional research is required to examine the most effective strategies for raising public knowledge of SS
Effectiveness of WHO Stress Management for Improving Insomnia Severity Index Score in Telegram’s Self-Isolated Online Group Population
Full text linkInsomnia is one of the various symptoms frequently found in patients with post-covid syndrome (PCS) (19.1%). The WHO Stress Management (WSM) is an eclectic psychotherapy that combines mindfulness and relaxation which, theoretically, can be effective in treating insomnia due to PCS. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of WSM in improving the Insomnia Severity Index Score for people with PCS. This was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test control study on 18 participants in the population of online self-isolation group in the Telegram who experienced insomnia. The intervention applied was WSM. These participants were compared to 18 controls who only received psychoeducation. Clinical insomnia symptoms were examined using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) before the intervention, then the control group was given sleep hygiene psychoeducation, and the treatment group was given WSM in 5 Zoom on-cam meetings once a week for 30-60 minutes. A re-assessment using the ISI post-test was then performed, and data were analyzed statistically. There was a change in score for insomnia symptoms in the treatment group (delta score 27.50) compared to the control group (delta score 9.50, p=0.00; OR 0.00, p=0,99, 95% CI). Thus, WSM can improve the insomnia score in the population with PCS
Impact of Severe Preeclampsia on the Incidence of Low-Birth-Weight Babies
Full text linkInfant birth weight is an important indicator of survival, growth potential, and developmental capacity. Maternal health plays an important role in determining the well-being of newborns. A complicated pregnancy, inclusive of conditions such as preeclampsia, elevates the risk of giving birth to a low birth weight (LBW) baby. This study aimed to compare the impact of severe preeclampsia on the incidence of LBW babies in Dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara General Hospital Serang, Indonesia. This case-control analysis included 148 parturients recruited randomly from June to October 2022. Logistic regression was used as the analytical tool, with P=0.000 considered as demonstrating a significant association. The incidence rates of LBW and severe preeclampsia in 2018 were 19.84% and 14.15%, respectively. The case group recorded LBW within the weight range of 1,000-2,450 g, with 38% of them were Small for Gestation Age (SGA), while 50% and 12% were Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA), and Large for Gestational Age (LGA), respectively. In contrast, the control group, with birth weights ranging from 2,600-4,500 g, 13.50% were SGA, while 77% and 9.50% were AGA and LGA, respectively. Parity was a confounding factor influencing the incidence of LBW, while maternal age did not present a significant correlation. Pregnancies with severe preeclampsia were found to have a 29-fold increased likelihood of delivering LBW babies compared to the control group when controlling for parity (P=0.000, CI 95%). Hence, women with severe preeclampsia pregnancies have a higher risk for delivering LBW babies of 29 times higher than the control
Drug Interactions in Diabetic Ulcer Patients in an Indonesian Private Hospital
Full text linkDiabetic ulcers can progress into tissue death, or gangrene, which create a risk for amputation. Measures for preventing other complications and accelerating wound healing in diabetic ulcers include blood sugar level control, diet adjustment, wound care, antidiabetic drug administration, and comorbid therapy. This leads to the use of various drugs that can potentially trigger drug interactions. This study aimed to identify possible drug interactions in the therapeutic management of diabetic ulcer patients treated in Husada Utama Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020–June 2022. This was a descriptive observational study using retrospective data from medical records. Results showed that 103 types of drugs were administered to 48 research samples with 41 of them experienced drug interactions (n=263 cases). Based on the severity of drug interactions, 31 cases were categorized as major cases (11.79%), with drug-class antibiotic-antiemetic interactions as the most frequent interactions. This study proves that it is essential for doctors and pharmacists
Relationship between Age, Exercise Habits, Cigarette Smoke Duration Exposure, and Lung Vital Capacity in Passive Smokers
Full text linkLung vital capacity of is different for each individual depending on personal characteristics, such as age, body mass index (BMI), and exercise habits or environmental factors, such as exposure to cigarette smoke. This study aimed to determine the relationship between personal characteristics, duration of exposure to cigarette smoke, and lung vital capacity in passive smokers in one of the areas in Indonesia. This study was a cross-sectional observational analytic study conducted during the period of August to September 2019. Data were collected through interviews and measurements using the Contec SP10BT spirometer. Participants were sampled consecutively with only women who did not smoke but had at least one family member who actively smoked and was over 20 years old participated in this study. Women were selected as the population due to the fact that the proportion of passive smokers among women is higher than men, while the age group of above 20 years old was selected with a consideration of the average age for the optimum lung capacity. The relationship between personal characteristics and a history of exposure to cigarette smoke with lung vital capacity was analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation test. There is a significant relationship between age, exercise habits, duration of exposure to cigarette smoke, and vital lung capacity (p=0.000; p=0.018; p=0.000) among the participants of the study. However, further research is still needed to be able to generalize this finding into a broader community
Effective Visual Media to Increase Knowledge and Comprehension of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Among Patients and Their Caregivers
Full text linkIndonesia ranks thirdamong countries with the largest number of TB cases after India and China. Globally, more than 3-4% of all TB cases are Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB). MDR TB is a more complicated TB that needs extra treatments, which extend treatment time and increase adverse effects. Thus, MDR TB patients and their families often feel demotivated about completing treatment, leading to loss to follow up, which contributes to the never-ending transmission and greatly affects the success rate of the national TB control program. Thus, better knowledge and perception on MDR treatment for patients and families plays a crucial role in dealing with this issue. A cross-sectional study was performed from April to June 2019 to evaluate the effectiveness of visual educational media for TB patients and their caregivers. Participants consisted of 144 patients diagnosed with MDR TB and their caregivers or family members (n=22). A pre-test was administered before an education session by a nurse and visual media were used as the educational material. At the end of the session, a post-test was performed. The post-test score was then compared to the pre-test score to evaluate the session’s effectiveness using the paired t-test. Result showed significant increase in the post-test score (t= 3.249, df=3, p=0.04), with the caregivers attained a higher score, showing better improvement in knowledge after the session compared to the patient group. Hence, the MDR TB educational intervention using visual media is considered effective to increase participants ‘understanding of MDR TB. It is expected that with increased knowledge on MDR TB, the treatment success rate will increase and becomes the catalyst for the nationwide TB control strategy
Correlation Between Pre-Chemotherapy AMH Level, Menstrual Status, and Prediction of Ovarian Function Recovery after FAC Chemotherapy AMH in Breast Cancer Patients
Full text linkAround 52.6% of women aged <50 years in Indonesia are diagnosed with breast cancer. One of the chemotherapy regimens with a toxicity effect on reproductive function, especially ovarian follicles, is 5-fluorouracil-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (FAC). Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) is a biomarker that can be used to assess the ovarian function. This study aimed to determine the correlation between pre-chemotherapy AMH serum level, menstrual status, and whether the AMH serum level can predict ovarian function recovery in pre-menopausal women receiving FAC chemotherapy. This was an analytical observational study with a prospective cohort design performed in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, during 2021-2022. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis. Subjects were breast cancer patients aged ≤45 years, still of reproductive age, with no prior history of chemotherapy, and were undergoing the FAC chemotherapy. All 32 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. There was a significant difference (p 0.0001) between pre- and post-6 cycles of chemotherapy AMH levels. Post-6 cycles of chemotherapy showed lower AMH levels. There was a high correlation (p 0.0034) between pre-chemotherapy AMH level and menstrual status six months after six cycles of chemotherapy. The correlation test between post-chemotherapy AMH level and menstrual status showed a non-significant result. Thus, there is a high statistical correlation between pre-chemotherapy anti-Mullerian hormone levels in pre-menopausal women with breast cancer and the menstrual status after FAC chemotherapy which demonstrates that the AMH level could also be used to predict ovarian function recovery
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Cost-Effectiveness in National Health Insurance Era of Indonesia
Full text linkEssential treatments for patients with end-stage renal disease include Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) consisting of hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation. In 2014, dialysis coverage in Indonesia was more than 1.5 trillion, making it the second highest expense in the National Health Insurance (BPJS) expenses. This study compared the cost-effectiveness between Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Hemodialysis (HD) in patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Data were collected from the Urology Department from 2014 to 2017. This was a retrospective observational study on 3 groups of patients: patients with effective CAPD each year as the first group; patients who had experienced repair of CAPD and continued to use it as the second group; and patients who discontinued CAPD due to complications and returned to hemodialysis as the third group. Each group expense was calculated with standard cost insurance for one year in the hospital. The expense was then be compared to the expense of hemodialysis for one year. A total of 89 patients in the CAPD program from 2014–2017 were treated at the department. When compared to HD, the first, second, and third group of CAPD patients experienced a cost reduction of IDR 23.227.857/person, IDR 18.127.857/person, and IDR 1.661.972.000, respectively. Total savings from the CAPD program in the hospital was IDR 1.661.972.000 from 2014. It is then concluded that CAPD could reduce the burden of government insurance in a cost-effective manner and is considered a treatment of choice in the National Health Insurance Era
Predictors of Urethral Stricture After Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Procedure
Full text linkTransurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the most frequently used urology surgical method to manage benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Despite the relatively efficacious treatment, urethral stricture (US) may form after TURP. The prevalence of the urethral strictures (US) following TURP ranges from 2.2% to 9.8%. The study aimed to identify the predictors of urethral strictures in patients receiving TURP. This study was a retrospective cohort study on patients underwent TURP in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, between 2015 and 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and urology registry of a minimum 12-month follow-up period. Data on patient demographics, estimated volume of the prostate, total resected prostate, and operating time were extracted. Multiple logistic regression was utilized to determine the odds ratio difference between groups. A total of 451 TURP cases were performed between 2015 and 2019, with 22 (4.87%) cases of post TURP US identified. The mean estimated prostate weight was 45.6 g and resected prostate weight was 20.4 g, with a 0.37 gr/min resection rate. Prostate weight, operating time, and duration of catheterization after surgery were not significantly different statistically. Slower resection rate and smaller resected volume are the statistically significant predictors of increased occurrence of urethral stricture (p<0.05). Lower resection rate is also a predictor for urethral stricture after TURP procedure
Malaria Infection and Socioeconomics in Malaria Endemic Areas of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Full text linkMore than 1.1 million people, or 20.90% of the population in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia, live below the poverty line, making NTT the third province with the highest number of poor people in Indonesia. The region of NTT, which is well known as one of the endemic areas for malaria in Indonesia, also has the highest number of adults with low nutritional status. This study aimed to assess the influence of socioeconomic factors on malaria-endemic areas in eastern Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in East Nusa Tenggara from January to March 2020. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were then performed on 317 population data of adults with low socioeconomic status. It was found that one of the socioeconomic factors, i.e., the age, is significantly associated with malaria (p-value = 0.031; OR = 1.684) with 40 being the age with the highest association. Thus, age is associated with malaria incidence in endemic areas