Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Not a member yet
233 research outputs found
Sort by
Success Rate and Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Nephrolithiasis Patients
Full text linkPercutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the standard management method for kidney stones due to its high success rates. This process is associated with risks, including complications such as infection and bleeding. This study aimed to evaluate the complications and success rates of PCNL in nephrolithiasis patients and provide important insights for clinical decision-making. Data were collected from patients undergoing PCNL for nephrolithiasis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, in the form of demographic data, stone parameters, and postoperative complications. Data were then analyzed statistically to identify the associated factors. This study was conducted at the Urology Department of the hospital from January to December 2023, involving 80 nephrolithiasis cases. Predominantly, 67.5% of patients were males, with 63.7% in the age group of above 50 years. Multiple stones were the most common (55%), with stone sizes of ≥1.5 cm prevalent in 95% of cases. Left-sided stones (43.75%) were most frequent, followed by right-sided (36.25%) and bilateral stones (20%). Hydronephrosis complications were present in 36.25% of cases, with 100% stone clearance found in Guy Stone Score (GSS) grade 1 cases, while GSS grade 4 cases exhibited the lowest stone clearance rate at 45.45%. This study provided insights into nephrolithiasis demographics, stone characteristics, and postoperative outcomes. Male predominance, multiple stones, high rates of stone clearance, and postoperative complications, particularly in the Guy's score system, underscore the need for proper management strategies and further research in this field
Clinical Approach to Differentiating Epileptic Seizures from Bipolar Disorder
Full text linkDistinguishing between epileptic seizures and bipolar disorder in clinical setting presents a significant challenge due to overlapping symptoms and the complex mechanism underlying both conditions. This study offers a novel perspective by integrating the latest research and clinical practices to explore this intricate diagnostic landscape. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on isolated aspects, this study synthesizes recent advancements in neuroimaging, wearable technology, and machine learning to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Data sources searched were Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using the keywords of ‘epileptic seizures’, ‘bipolar disorder’, ‘diagnosis’, ‘neuroimaging’, ‘wearable technology’, and ‘machine learning’. Following the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodology, the findings highlight how the variability of mood episodes and their resemblance to seizure activity often complicate differential diagnosis. Moreover, they underscore the potentials of emerging technologies, such as real-time monitoring via wearable devices and AI-driven diagnostic tools, in refining current clinical approaches. This study emphasizes the necessity of clinic awareness regarding subtle but crucial distinctions between bipolar disorder and epileptic seizures. By leveraging continuous monitoring and data-driven insights, an innovative framework that combines clinical expertise with advanced technology is proposed, paving the way for more precise and effective diagnostic methods
Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infections in Children Aged 24-59 Months in Bandung District, Indonesia
Full text linkSoil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a major public health concern in developing countries, particularly among lower- to middle-income populations with poor sanitation, limited access to healthcare, and inadequate clean water. Preschool-aged children are especially vulnerable due to their developing immune systems and increased nutritional needs. This study aimed to identify factors associated with STH infections among children aged 24–59 months in Bandung District, Indonesia. A case-control design was employed using secondary data from helminthiasis surveillance conducted between October 2019 and January 2023, involving a total of 261 children. The Kato-Katz technique was used to examine stool samples for the detection of STH species. Among them, 30 (11.49%) were infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH), comprising ascariasis (11.11%), trichuriasis (0.38%), and hookworm infection (0.38%). Bivariate chi-square analysis revealed significant associations with fathers’ education level (p = 0.0003), BPJS-Healthcare participation (p = 0.015), water source (p = 0.015), distance from the water source to the latrine (p = 0.003), and nail hygiene (p = 0.018). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that distance between water source and pit latrine (OR = 0.265; 95% CI: 0.76–0.92), nail hygiene (OR = 0.318; 95% CI: 0.13–0.76), and participation in BPJS-healthcare program (OR = 0.364; 95% CI: 0.15–0.91) were key determinants of STH infection. These findings highlight the importance of addressing environmental and behavioral factors through public health interventions, including improving access to clean water, promoting personal hygiene, and enhancing parental, particularly paternal education, as essential strategies for reducing the risk of STH in children
Effect of Nigella sativa on Growth and IGF-1 levels in Rats Prenatally Exposed to Pesticides
Full text linkNigella sativa contains antioxidants and can potentially improve growth disorders due to prenatal pesticide exposure. Pesticides affect the work of thyroid hormone, insulin, and Insulin-like Growth Factor that play essential roles in the growth and development processes. This study aimed to determine the effect of Nigella sativa supplementation on body weight and IGF-1 levels in mice, with a history of pesticide exposure in the womb. This study was conducted from October 14, 2023 to December 1, 2023 at the laboratory of the Center for Food and Nutrition Studies, Inter-University Center, Gajah Mada University, Indonesia. This experimental study used a cohort design and involved 20 pregnant female rats as the experimental animals. These rats were divided into several groups: K0 (control group with standard feed), K1 (group exposed to pesticides during pregnancy), and P1 and P2 (group exposed to pesticides. Followed by 10.8 mg/200gBW/day and 21.6 mg/ 200 gBW/day of Nigella sativa after birth, respectively). The pesticide dose used was 10 mg/200gBW/day orally. Anthropometric examinations was conducted at birth, and on day 7, day 14, day 21, and day 28. The examination of IGF-1 levels was performed on day 28 using the ELISA method. Results showed that the mean birth weights (g) of the rats by group were as follows: K0:6.09±0.12; K1:4.03±0.03, P1:4.03±0.02 P2:4.05±0.03. On day 28, the mean body weights (g) were as follows: K0:104.0±1.79; K1:65.17±1.47; P1:92.17 ± 3.19; and P2:102.00±1.41. The mean IGF-1 level (pg/mL) were as follows: K0:23.76±0.68; K1:9.03±0.24, P1:14.94±0.37; and P2:19.51±0.56. The ANOVA test presented a p-value of <0.001. Hence, Nigella sativa supplementation after birth significantly affects body weight and IGF-1 levels in rat model of prenatally exposed to pesticides
Prevalence, Severity, and Self-Medication for Dysmenorrhea among Female Adolescents in Indonesia
Full text linkDysmenorrhea, commonly referred to as menstrual pain, is a prevalent condition affecting many reproductive-aged women, particularly female adolescents, with varying degrees of intensity. Dysmenorrhea affects 64.5% of female adolescents in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence rates found in West Java (98.8%) and Jakarta (87.5%). Over the years, various therapy modalities have been developed for treating this condition based on its pathophysiology. However, in Indonesia, a country renowned for its rich natural resources and medicinal herbs, there is a prevailing belief in the efficacy of traditional medicine. Female adolescents in Indonesia are often engaged in self-medication practices, combining traditional medicine with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study aimed to analyze the prevalence, severity, and self- medication practices for dysmenorrhea among female adolescents in Indonesia. The study was conducted from January to December 2020 using an online survey that included questions about menstrual pain, family history, and the use of traditional medicine and NSAIDs. This study comprised 362 participants recruited through convenience sampling. Results showed that 92.5% of participants experienced dysmenorrhea with varying degrees of pain. A total of 216 (59.9%) female adolescents experienced frequent dysmenorrhea, while 118 (32.6%) reported experiencing this condition every menstrual cycle. Of all participants, 33.1% used traditional medicine as a treatment option, and 16.9% used NSAIDs. According to the self-reported visual analog scale (VAS), the use of natural remedies, such as traditional medicine, was associated with lower pain levels, suggesting their potential benefits in healthcare services for dysmenorrhea
Comparison of ABO Blood Group Antibody Titers in Elderly and Young Adult Patients
Full text linkImmunosenescence in the elderly decreases their antibodies, which may lead to weaker degree of agglutination formation that potentially causes ABO discrepancies. This may lead to misinterpretation of blood group in this group. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in antibody titer levels and degree of agglutination formed when examining ABO blood groups in the elderly as compared to young adults. This was a cross-sectional study employing analytical observational methods. Data were collected prospectively from the Blood Services Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, between May 2022 and July 2022. The subjects included were 42 elderly participants and 42 young adults, grouped accordingly. The ABO blood typing was performed using the slide method, while anti-A and anti-B titers were measured by serial two-fold dilution using the tube method. A significant difference in ABO blood group antibody titer levels was observed between elderly and young adult groups (median: 6 vs 64, p<0.001). Antibody titers were lower in the elderly across blood groups A (median: 8 vs 64, p<0.001), B (median: 8 vs 64, p<0.001), and O (median: 4 vs 64, p<0.001). The degree of agglutination was lower in the elderly (2+) compared to young adults (4+). On average, antibody titers in elderly individuals were approximately tenfold lower than those in young adults across all three blood groups. The reduced degree of agglutination further supports the diminished antibody response in the elderly group
Acute Toxicity (LD50 value) of Peppermint (Mentha piperita) Suspension in Female Mice
Full text linkPeppermint has several benefits, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties, that leads to its use in various products, especially in herbal medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the LD50 value of peppermint suspension through an acute toxicity test. This study was conducted at the Animal Laboratory Management Unit of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, from October 9 to 30, 2024. A total of 25 female mice were divided into 5 groups, and given different doses of peppermint suspension of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kgBW. Observations were then carried out for 14 days on the parameters of body weight, physiological responses, clinical symptoms, absolute and relative organ weight, body weight, and number of mortalities per day. Results showed that the highest mortality was found in the groups administered with a 1.5 and 2.0 g/kgBW of peppermint suspension. Clinical symptoms, such as hair standing, lethargies, and decreased locomotor activity were also observed in these groups. In addition, the administration of peppermint suspension in mice had no significant effect on body weight, as well as on absolute and relative organ weight, It was also demonstrated that organs collected did not present any significant lesion. Thus, the acute toxicity test of peppermint suspension showed no macroscopic lesion or changes in organs and body weight. The LD50 value suggested that the is in the moderate toxicity category, with an LD50 value of 1.92 g/kgBW
Workplace Violence Against Doctors and Nurses in Public Healthcare Services in AL- Majmaah City, Saudi Arabia
Full text linkWorkplace violence raises a significant concern in healthcare settings, with healthcare workers being at risk of physical and emotional harms. This phenomenon is, however, rarely investigated in Al-Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of workplace violence against doctors and nurses working in public healthcare facilities in Al-Majmaah city. A cross-sectional study was conducted in public health facilities in Al-Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia, from June to August 2022. Healthcare workers were recruited to participate in a self-administered online questionnaire, which collected data on sociodemographic information, workplace violence exposure, and attitudes towards violence. Of the total participants, 41.9% reported experiencing workplace violence. The majority of incidents occurred in health institutions, with 92.3% involving verbal abuse, 2.6% physical violence, or both. Patients' families were responsible for 48.7% of the violence, followed by the patients themselves (43.6%). In response to violence, healthcare workers reported various coping mechanisms, including pretending the incident never happened (23.1%), attempting to stop the perpetrator (23.1%), and protecting themselves (18%). Regarding system satisfaction, 14% remained indifferent, 16% were dissatisfied, and 2% were satisfied. Furthermore, 15.1% of participants experienced disturbed thoughts or images of the attack, 14% avoided thinking or talking about incidents, and 11.8% were unaffected. Workplace violence is a significant problem affecting healthcare workers in public healthcare facilities in Al-Majmaah city, Saudi Arabia. The high prevalence of verbal abuse and physical violence highlights the need for effective prevention and intervention strategies to ensure a safe working environment for healthcare workers
Sexual Violence among University Medical Students in Sumatera, Indonesia
Full text linkSexual violence is a pervasive issue affecting both adults and children globally, resulting in severe trauma for victims. Due to the power dynamics, this problem also extends to educational institutions, including universities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate incidents of sexual violence among medical students at a state university in West Sumatra, Indonesia in 2023. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to pre-clinical and clinical medical students. A total of 1,170 students were included as respondents, of which 9.66% of them reported experiencing sexual violence. Specifically, 46.% of respondents had previous experience of sexual violence, and 42.5% of these occurred during their time as university students. The most common forms were non-physical sexual violence, accounting for 35% of reported cases, with 30.3% of the perpetrators being strangers. Over half of the victims experienced sexual violence more than once, and only 46.2% of victims reported their experience. This study showed that sexual violence affected medical students, mainly in non-physical forms, with a low reporting rate. Consequently, collaboration between campus leaders and the academic community is crucial to empower victims in participating and creating an environment that is free from sexual violence. Preventive efforts must also be comprehensive, engaging multiple sectors and community, to effectively combat sexual violence in universities
Acid-Base and Electrolytes Profile in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU)
Full text linkCritically ill pediatric patients are known to experience more frequent episodes of acid-base and electrolyte imbalances when compared to adults, which can significantly impact morbidity and mortality with higher mortality rates and longer hospital stays. Data on the profile of acid-base and electrolyte imbalances in critically ill pediatric patients is very limited in Indonesia. This study was conducted to describe the electrolytes and acid-base profile of critically ill pediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records of critically ill pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to the PICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Results indicated that 131 (50.8%) of 258 patients experienced electrolytes and acid-base imbalances. The majority of patients were boys (53.0%) and infants (32.8%). The most common primary diagnosis was respiratory (28.2%), central nervous system (19.8%), and gastrointestinal disorders (15.3%). A total of 366 electrolyte imbalance events and 111 acid-base imbalance events were recorded. The most common electrolyte imbalance events were hyponatremia (75.6%), hypocalcemia (48.9%), and hypokalemia (42.7%), respectively, while the most frequent acid-base imbalance events were respiratory alkalosis (33.6%) and metabolic acidosis (21.4%). Electrolyte and acid-base imbalances are common among critically ill pediatric patients in PICU. Thus, early evaluation and recognition of acid-base and electrolyte imbalances are crucial in order to prevent poor outcomes in these patients