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Synthesis and surface treatment of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
No full textIn order to shorten process time and possibly reduce
synthesis cost of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2, the cathode material
was prepared by solution combustion and microwave
synthesis routes with reduced duration of calcination. The
products were also surface-modified with Al2O3 by a
mechano-thermal coating process to enhance cyclability.
The structure and morphology of the bare and the surfacemodified
LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 samples were characterized
by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive
spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry
techniques. At a 0.1-C rate and between 4.6 and 2.5 V, the
products delivered a first-cycle discharge capacity of as much
as 195 mA h/g. Surface modification of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2
with alumina resulted in improved cyclability
Destruction of methylene blue by mediated electrolysis using two-phase system
No full textThe destruction and colour removal of methylene blue were carried out by mediated electrochemical oxidation using
cerium(IV) mediator in nitric acid medium using two-phase system and was applied for oxidation of organic compound.
Organic compounds and mediator were taken in the organic and aqueous phases respectively. The influence
of organic solvent type, cerium(III) concentration, dye concentration, stirring speed and temperature were investigated
in order to find the optimum conditions of the system to check the removal of COD and colour in the organic
phase. The decolourisation followed the pseudo-first order reaction for electrochemically oxidized cerium(IV). The
maximum colour removal efficiency of 95% was achieved within 45 min in dichloromethane solvent system. The
COD removal efficiency and colour removal rate were increased with increase in temperature and stirring speed
Corrosion protection by acrylamide treatment for magnesium alloy metal matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with titanium boride
No full textUsing potentiodynamic polarisation, polarisation resistance and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy measurements, the effect of amide treatment to magnesium metal matrix composite
in 0?6 N sodium chloride medium has been studied. The corrosion potential Ecorr, corrosion
current Icorr, polarisation resistance Rp and charge transfer resistance Rct were determined from
the corresponding plots. Ecorr shifted towards more negative values while Icorr decreased with
increasing treatment time. Surface analysis with SEM and AFM showed an improvement in
surface due to formation of a film. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) studies confirmed the film formation and the coordination of magnesium to
the oxygen in the amide compound
A Process for the removal of corrosion products on tin and tin alloy surfaces by electrolytic cleaning using natural seawater
No full textA process for the removal of corrosion products on tin and tin alloy surfaces by electrolytic cleaning using natural seawater, which comprises removing loosely adherent corrosion products by known surface cleaning means, such as brushing the work piece, characterised in that subjecting the work piece to electrochemical treatment with cyclic polarity reversal, in pre-cleaned natural seawater as electrolyte such as herein described, at a pH ranging from 6 to 9, at a current density in the range of 600 A/m2 to the maximum threshold value, wherein the said work piece is initially cathode and subsequently anode with reference to an auxiliary electrode of an inert anode materia
Efficacy of rare earth elements on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Zea mays L.
No full textIn the present study, bioaccumulation of REEs in Zea mays L. (corn plant) has been analyzed. The role of Rare Earth Element
(REEs) in physiology and biochemistry of corn plant have been studied. Physiological characters like peroxidase (POD) and
superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, biochemical analysis of chlorophyll, carotenoids and phenol contents have also been carried
out. The plant growth and biomass observed shows the influence of REEs and the accumulation studies reveal the presence of REEs
only in roots. It was also found that REEs could increase POD and SOD activities, biochemical content and had an impact on crop
production and stress resistance in plants
The potential of free cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on textile dye degradation
No full textThe objective of the present work was to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD), color of textile effluent
containing dye Procion Blue 2G and recycle the treated effluent. To achieve this objective, the degradation
potential of bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested. In degradation, the ‘clean’ electro-oxidation
(EO) process was combined with bio-treatment such that an electro-oxidation step was included
between two bio-degradation treatments. Bio-oxidation process was carried out under aerobic and
anoxic conditions. Results showed more than 90% reduction in COD and complete removal of color at
the end of two cycles of combined oxidation process with a post electro-oxidation. The treated effluent
was then subjected to photo-oxidation to remove the microbes so that the water can be recycled after the
removal of total dissolved solids (TDS)
Ionic conductivity and interfacial properties of nanochitin-incorporated polyethylene oxide–LiN(C2F5SO2)2 polymer electrolytes
No full textNanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPE) composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and nanochitin for different
concentrations of LiN(C2F5SO2)2 (LiBETI) were prepared by a completely dry, solvent-free procedure
using a hot press. The thermal stability of NCPE membranes was investigated by DSC and TG-DTA. The
membraneswere subjected to SEM, ionic conductivity and FTIR analysis. Li/NCPE/Li symmetric cellswere
assembled and the variation of interfacial resistance as a function of time was also measured. The surface
chemistry of lithium electrodes in contact with NCPE revealed the formation of Li–O–C and LiN
compounds. LiFePO4/NCPE/Li cell was assembled and the cycling profile showed a well-defined and
reproducible shape of the voltage curves thus indicating a good cycling behavior of the cell at 60 ◦C
Conversion of Benzylic Bromides to Benzaldehydes Using Sodium Nitrate As an Oxidant
No full textA simple and effective approach for the synthesis of benzaldehydes from benzylic bromides is reported using
sodium nitrate as an oxidant with 10% sodium hydroxide. Benzyl bromide is oxidized to benzaldehyde in
91% yield with 98% conversion at 120 °C, whereas 82% of benzyl alcohol is obtained at a temperature of 80
°C in 80 min with 20% sodium nitrate solution
Removal of Ni(II) from electroplating rinse waters using cation-exchange resins: batch and column studies
No full textThe adsorption of Ni (II) from nickel electro plating rinse water has been attempted. Indion 225 and Dueolite C 20 cation-exchange resins through batch and column mode for the recovery of Ni (II), which showed a remarkable increase in sorption capacity. On the basis of isotherm analysis;
more efficient adsorbent is chosen for column mode adsorption studies. The continuous-flow study was to investigate the effect of various process variables, like bed height, hydraulic loading rate on breakthrough and
adsorption capacity. An attempt has also been made the data using Bohart–Adams approach to design the adsorption system
Electrochemical investigations on cobalt-microencapsulated MmNi2.38Al0.82Co0.66Si0.77Fe0.13Mn0.24 hydrogen storage alloys for Ni–MH batteries
No full textCobalt coatings were applied over lanthanum process-rich MmNi2.38Al0.82Co0.66Si0.77-
Fe0.13Mn0.24 alloy particles by an autocatalytic electroless deposition process. Electrode
characteristics such as electrochemical capacity and cycle life were studied for the
uncoated and coated alloys. The structure and morphology of the surface modified
samples were characterized with XRD and SEM/EDAX techniques. The cobalt coating forms
a thin layer on the surface of the core material and the coated alloys exhibit a 15%
improvement in performance over the bare alloy. A comparison of the electrochemical
impedance behaviour of the bare and cobalt-coated metal hydride electrodes at different
states-of-charge reveals that the relaxation period is distinct for different SOCs. The cobalt
microencapsulations influence the apparent activation energy of the dehydriding process.
The calculated equivalent rate constant (keq) values confirm the improvement in reversibility
for the cobalt-coated alloy as compared to the bare alloy