Medical Laboratory Technology Journal
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Beneficial Effects of Soygurt Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Animal Model Rat (Rattus Norvegitus)
Get PDFType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the more common type of diabetes results from the ineffective use of insulin. Improvement of the metabolic system in T2DM patients can be done through the regulation of gut microbiota balance. Gut microbial improvement can be modulated directly by probiotic food consumption. Soygurt is probiotic food with a low glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) value and rich in isoflavones, which has a potential effect in reducing diabetes risk. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of soygurt consumption in blood glucose levels and body weight of albino wistar rats (Rattus norvegitus). Reseach using a completely randomized design for experimental study. Subjects of this research are 30 male rats (R. norvegistus) aged 2-3 months with average body weight 150-200 gr. Diabetic rats were induced by using single intraperitoneal injection (175 mg/kg BW) alloxan monohydrate. Soygurt feeding given once daily using oral gavage feeding. The result showed that soygurt feeding in diabetic rats with three variations of treatment could significantly (
The Cytotoxic Activity of Annona muricata Linn Leaves Ethanolic Extract (AMEE) on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line
Get PDFBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women throughout the world, with new cases and deaths which continue to increase. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L) have been used extensively in traditional medicine, including cancer. Acetogenin, alkaloids, and phenols contained in soursop leaves are known to have anti-cancer effects. Among them, acetogenin has the most dominant role and reported to have a cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of soursop leaf ethanol extract on T47D breast cancer cell line. Measurement of cytotoxic activity was carried out by the MTT method, and the viability percentage of T47D cells was calculated based on the absorbance values in the treatment, cell control, and media control groups of each replicate. The correlation between extract concentration and viability percentage of the T47D cell line was outlined in the regression equation to obtain the IC50 value. IC50 values of 109.91 ± 3.04 with R values 0.975 and R2 0.9508 obtained. R values close to 1 indicated a strong correlation between extract concentration and the percentage of living T47D cells. Meanwhile, the amount of R2 suggested that the level of AMEE had a 95.08% influence on the rate of cell viability, and the other 4.92% influenced by factors other than the AMEE dose. These results indicated that the ethanol extract of soursop leaves has a cytotoxic effect and has the potential to inhibit T47D cell proliferation in vitro
Animal Models with Metabolic Syndrome Markers Induced by High Fat Diet and Fructose
Get PDFMetabolic syndrome is lipid and non-lipid metabolism disorder due to the association of several factors such as physiological, clinical, biochemical, and interrelated factors. People with metabolic syndrome can be diagnosed by fulfilling 3 of 5 criteria, including obesity and increased waist circumference, increased TG levels, increased blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and increased High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) serum. The high-fat diet disrupts tissue lipid metabolism, so insulin resistance occurs due to lipotoxicity. Besides, some studies use a combination of mixtures (fructose, sucrose) and fat-rich food components to build metabolic characteristics in mice that affect human characteristics. The purpose of this study was to make an animal model with a metabolic syndrome marker induced by the High Fat Diet (HFD) consisting of pork oil and chicken egg yolk, as well as fructose from simple and economical ingredients. This study was an experimental study using experimental animals of male Rattus norvegicus strain wistar, which were grouped into three random treatment groups, namely the control group, HFD group, and High Fat Diet Fructose (HFDF) group. The number of samples used was 27 rats, with nine rats in each group. The animal was induced for four weeks, then measured levels of FPG, HD, and TG. From the research that has been done, it is found that there are significant differences in levels of Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Triglycerides (TG) (
Comparative Test of Ret-He Examination in Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency in Pregnant Women
Get PDFThe most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency, which found in 50% of anemia cases. There are 66.7% of pregnant women in Indonesia that still lack iron intake. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) examination as a single parameter is the initial indicator of iron deficiency, considered more sensitive in detecting iron reserves in the body. This study aims to determine the effectivity of the Ret-He examination as a single parameter in establishing the diagnosis of iron deficiency in pregnant women. This research was conducted on 30 pregnant women. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of Ret-He were determined by comparing the results of the biochemical examination of iron profiles. Iron deficiency defined as an abnormal examination result on two or more biochemical parameters, which were SI 425 µg/dL, serum ferriti
Evaluation of the Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever Using the Widal Test and the Anti Salmonella typhi IgM Test
Get PDFTyphoid fever is a systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella enteric serotype typhi. Laboratory tests are essential because the clinical symptoms of typhoid fever are not specific. The definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever make by culture isolation of Salmonella typhi, but this test is expensive and takes a long time. Other supporting tests that can do quickly are the Widal and Salmonella typhi IgM tests. This study aimed to determine the suitability between the results of the Widal test and the results of the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test. This type of research is an observational analytic study determining the sample based on the accidental sampling technique. The number of samples taken was 42 samples. The results showed that the Widal Test in typhoid patients was 76% positive and 24% negative. Based on the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test results in typhoid patients, 38% were positive, and 62% were negative. The study concluded a fragile agreement between the Widal test results and the results of the anti-Salmonella typhi IgM test. It recommended that the Widal test carried out for the initial examination and a quick community survey. The Tubex test highly recommends for diagnosis
Increased Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Compared to Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) Patients
Get PDFPlatelets are known to have a role major in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis. More giant and hyperreactive platelets accelerate the formation of an intracoronary thrombus. An increased MPV as an indicator of larger and more reactive platelets represents a risk factor for overall vascular mortality, including myocardial infarction. This study aimed to identify the increase of Mean Platelet Volume in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes, especially in ST-elevation myocardial infarction and Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Thus this parameter can be used as consideration for diagnosis and treatment decisions. This research is an analytic observational with a cross-sectional method. The subjects were patients with STEMI and NSTEMI who were hospitalized in ICCU Dr.Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Thirty-four subjects STEMI and NSTEMI patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, consisting of 28 males (82,35%) and six women (17,65%) with a mean age of 55,5 ± 10,3 years. The results showed that MPV in AMI was higher in patients with STEMI than NSTEMI, but this difference is not significant (p = 0,091). This study concludes that MPV to be higher in patients with STEMI compared to NSTEMI. MPV may be used as a marker of myocardial infarction in clinically appropriate situations
Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG Seropositivities in Serum Samples Sent from Pediatric and Adult Hematology/Oncology Outpatient Clinics
Get PDFToxoplasmosis, despite its mild course in immunocompetent individuals, it may have a more severe course in immunosuppressed patients such as hematology and oncology patients. This study aimed to contribute to the importance of that issue by evaluating the seropositivity rates of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in Hematology and Oncology patients and sharing the data obtained.
Serum samples sent from pediatric and adult Hematology/Oncology outpatient clinic to the Microbiology Laboratory between January 2017 and August 2019 were analysed using Architect Toxo IgG and IgM Reagent Kit with chemiluminescent microparticular enzyme immunoassay method on Architect system.
A total of 673 patient samples belonging to 131 pediatric patients and 542 adult patients were analysed in the study. Median age of the study group was 29 (range: 0 - 83) and 53.5% of them were male. While T. gondii IgM positivity was 8% IgG positivity was 28.7%. T. gondii IgG seropositivities in male and female patients were 27.2% and 30.4% respectively (p = 0.44). T. gondii IgM seropositivities in pediatric and adult patients were 6.9% and 8.3% respectively and IgG seropositivities were 24.4% and 29.7% (p = 0.78 and p = 0.46 respectively). T. gondii IgM positivity was found as 8% and IgG positivity as 28.7% in the study group. In conclusion, data obtained from the study were in compliance with both domestic and foreign data and the highest rate of IgM and IgG seropositivity was found in patients with lymphoma
Hemoglobin Levels on Trichuris trichiura Infection in Children
Get PDFWorm infections often caused by worms transmitted through the soil (Soil-Transmitted Helminths). Types of STH worms include roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura) and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator Americanus). Worms commonly suffered by school-age children with the most aged between 5-14 years. Worms can affect the intake, digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food, which can result in loss of protein, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins. Trichuris trichiura and hookworm can cause massive amounts of blood loss and decreased hemoglobin levels. This study aims to determine the relationship of Trichuris trichiura infection with hemoglobin levels in children in the village of East Serang Kilasah, Banten. This research is an analytic survey with a cross-sectional design with 42 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The results of the fecal examination by the Kato-Katz method found 23 children (54.76%) with mild worm levels and 19 children (45.24%) with moderate worm levels. The results of blood tests found 36 children (85.71%) with normal hemoglobin levels and six children (14.79%) with low hemoglobin levels. Based on the results of statistical tests, the results obtained P-value 0.004 (P-valu
A Study Related to Effects of the Brucellosis on Osteoporosis
Get PDFBrucellosis is one of the infectious diseases that may increase osteoporosis risk. Bone formation and destruction markers analyzed in the examination of osteoporosis risk. There been many studies on the effect of a variety of diseases on the bone, but no studies have conducted for brucellosis. This study is one of the rare studies showing the effect of brucellosis on a bone. The purpose of this study is that whether age, agglutination level, having brucellosis at the time or before, and gender knowledge of patients have effects on osteoporosis by using bone formation and destruction markers. Between 01/04/2015 and 31/12/2017, blood samples were taken from 40 patients with brucellosis and seven patients whose treatment completed at least six months before. Then biochemical markers were studied on these blood samples. ELISA washer and reader (Biotek, Novatek, Istanbul, Turkey) was used to obtain the values of bone formation and destruction markers. There was a significant difference, according to H. Osteocalcin (Human Osteocalcin/Bone Gla Protein), in terms of bone formation markers and was higher in women. Having brucellosis at the time was significant according to Human deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and Human C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) in terms of bone destruction markers and was higher in brucellosis. The bone formation and destruction markers strongly correlated with each other in the same direction. It is thought that brucellosis can increase bone destruction markers, especially DPD (Human deoxypyridinoline) and CTX-I; therefore, osteoporosis risk in brucella patients can reduce by implementing a treatment plan that closely monitors bone destruction markers
Biolarvasides of Cananga odorata Flower and Zyzygium polyanthum Leaves Ethanol Extract on Aedes aegypti Larva
Get PDFDengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is one of the diseases caused by Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes. DHF is still a public health problem, including in Indonesia, due to the high mortality rate caused by this mosquito. The risk caused by the bite of the Aedes sp mosquito is quite dangerous, including acute fever, bleeding, shock, and even death, so that efforts are needed to control it. One of the natural ingredients that can use to eradicate Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes without causing negative impacts on the environment is the Cananga flower and Zyzigium Leaves. This study purposes of determining the optimum concentration of Cananga Flowers and Zyzigium Leaves Ethanol extract of which was having biolarvaside effect to Aedes Aegypti larvae. The method used a simple experiment with Posttest Only With Control Group Design. The data result of the research analyzed with Logit and Wilcoxon test. Achievement of those tests was LC50 Zyzigium leaf extract on contact for 24 hours was 0.609-0.935, and LC99 was between 1.064-1.973 while Cananga flower extract obtained LC50 of 0.228-0.261 and the LC99 was 0.446 to 0.558. Wilcoxon test for compared bioalarvaside effect results between Cananga Flower and Zyzigium Leaf received a significance value less than α (0.00