Jurnal Humaniora
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Class and Gender in Older People Care in Rural Yogyakarta
No full textThis article explores care arrangements for older people in rural Yogyakarta, comparing and contrasting the experiences of older people in three agrarian classes: significant landowners, petty commodity producers and ‘classes of labour’. The study was conducted in two villages in Kulon Progo and Sleman Regencies. Qualitative interviews, observations, life histories and information on the changing social and economic contexts are used to analyse older people’s roles in social reproduction, the dynamics of intergenerational dependency, and the practicesof older-people care. We found great variation in the age at which engagement in productive and reproductive work declines and people enter the state of dependency. Older people may be receivers, or providers of care for younger dependents. As older people live longer, complex tri- and even quadri-generational care arrangements become more common. Class, gender and intergenerational relations shape care relations and practices. State and community programmes for older people, when functioning properly, can be of great importance to poorer households,even though the access is uneven and they do not always match older people’s care needs. Commodified (purchased) care provision is found in some relatively prosperous households, but rarely in the ‘classes of labour’, the landless and near-landless peasants, and worker households that make up the majority of the population
Cup, Cup, Jangan Nangis! Language Socialization Study of How Parents Respond to Their Children Cry
Full text linkBurdelski & Cook (2012) and Santrock (2011) theorized that parents socialize with their children through actions and speech, even when responding to the cries of their children. This paper intends to investigate the actions and speech of parents when responding to their cries. This paper also aims to understand how parents socialize with their children in those activities. The researcher conducted this qualitative research by distributing questionnaires via Google Forms. WhatsApp groups and Twitter are the media the researcher chose to distribute the form. After receiving 98 answers, the researcher interviewed 24 families—picking two for further observations. The result shows that parents convey their responses through one, two, or more speech acts that include assertive in the forms of an affirmation; directives in the forms of prohibition, advice, encouragement, asking (general question, assurance, investigation, rhetorical); expressive in the forms of an expression of getting surprised, teasing, showing caring expression, calming down, and blaming; and commissive in the forms of promising. Meanwhile, there are various socialization functions contained in these speech acts, such as affective socialization (in the form of caring or concern and reassurance), self-knowledge socialization (in the form of self-confidence, prudence), socialization of gender identity (maturity and gender), religiosity, shame, causal logic or the consequences, and even logical fallacy for blaming something that has nothing to do with the cause of the child falling
Social Unrest and Distrust
Full text linkShadow Play provides an insight into urban studies in Indonesia by showing Yogyakarta as a space of interaction with research on relocation among development discourses. Relocation was often under the unilateral regulatory power of the state (government) in the new order era. Gibbings offers a new perspective in which the relocation of traders is not solely focused on the displacement of a group of people but shows the tug-of-war in drafting agreements after the authoritarian regime's collapse through the 1998 reform agenda. In this book, Gibbings includes two introductory arguments to evoke the reader. First, the study of politics and information control is a subject relation that can change at any time, along with the involvement of stakeholders daily. Second, by focusing on the politics of information, Gibbings exposes the relationship between the state and its citizens, particularly in post-authoritarian situations
Feeding Precarity Between State and Capital: Women Workers and Breastfeeding in Cakung Manufacturing Industry
No full textWomen constitute the vital workforce in Indonesia's economy, particularly in sectors like garment, textile, and footwear. Despite their economic importance, these industries are characterised by excessive control, pressure, and violence, transforming women into cheap labour and limiting their lives both in the production and social reproduction realm. This study analyses how the discipline of factory work has implications for women workers in their care work, specifically in breastfeeding. Through a qualitative approach, this study uses focus group discussions (FGD) and interviews with women garment and textile industry workers in Kawasan Berikat Nusantara, North Jakarta. The study also analyses the state's response and position in child-feeding matters. The study shows how the regimented nature of factory work, which controls the energy, time, and bodies of women workers, coupled with the absence of job security and protection from the state, limit workers’ capacity to care for their families, particularly to breastfeed their children. Consequently, women workers have to switch to formula milk. I argue that the workers’ reliance on formula milk illustrates a form of neoliberalism in which the state subjugates women workers to the capitalist economy both in the realms of production and social reproduction, forcing them to live in a precarious condition. This potentially will cause health, nutrition, and other quality of life problems for mothers and children in the future
Discourse of Khakot Lampung Dance as A Political Technology of The Body to Make Individuals Obedient
Full text linkThis article examines the role of traditional Khakot dance in Lampung as a discourse of political technology that influences the body to make individuals obedient to the values and social cultural norms of Lampung. This research focused on three issues. First, the form of representation of the body that complies with the social values and norms of Lampung culture in Khakot dance. Second, the process of forming a body that abides by the social values and norms of Lampung culture in Khakot dance. Third, identifying factors that influence individual compliance with sociocultural values and norms in the context of Khakot dance. This study used a critical discourse analysis paradigm and utilized primary and secondary data. Analysis of all obtained data was carried out textually and contextually using Michel Foucault's body discipline theory which is presented in a qualitative descriptive form. The results showed that the representation of the body that obeys the social values and norms of Lampung culture is reflected in aspects of Khakot dance performances, including the selection of costume forms and choreographic forms such as movement and floor pattern composition. The process of forming the body to be obedient to the social values and norms of Lampung culture in the context of Khakot dance involves formal and non-formal education, as well as through sociocultural activities in Lampung society. Factors that influence individual compliance are social control, normalization, and panopticon
The Philosophy of Ethnobotany and the Transformation of Jamasan Pusaka Tradition in the Pendopo of Batang District
Full text linkThe tradition of jamasan pusaka (heirloom washing), or simply jamasan, in Batang District involves various types of plants initsrituals. Plants, as part of the local cultural heritage, play an important role in maintaining the balance of parallelism and interrelationship between macrocosm and microcosm. Over time, this tradition has evolved, and this article aims to explorethe relationship and changes in ethnobotanical knowledge within the jamasan practice. It also analyzeshow the immanent and the transcendental functions of plantsare interpreted. Using a qualitative research method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through observation, interview, and visual documentation. The study identified 19 types of plants involved in the jamasan tradition. These plants , based on local knowledge, hold immanent and transcendental functions that are important for the continuity of the practice. The plants are categorized into mandatory elementsbased on immanent meaning, symbolic meaning, and non-mandatory elements. Jamasan is not merely the washing of heirlooms, butalso serves as a life guide for living meaningfully. Over time,the tradition has undergone transformations, with shifts from sacred to profane functions and from immanent to transcendental meanings. These changes have reconstructed the practice of jamasan in the present day
Community Volunteers’ Care for Older Adults (Lansia) in Indonesia: The Symbolic Efficacy of Community Health Meetings (Posyandu)
No full textCommunity healthcare in Indonesia relies on volunteers who engage their clients outside fixed health facilities with limited resources and formal training. These volunteers are called cadres who learn their tasks to improve community wellbeing through ongoing engagement and without prior formal skills. They are drawn from the community to serve the community. This paper is based on field research carried out with cadres through interviews and visits to integrated health meetings (posyandu lansia) held by primary healthcare centres for older adults in villages in Jakarta and Yogyakarta. The paper first discusses the recruitment requirements and incentives for being a healthcare volunteer. It suggests that both recruitment and incentives are rooted in community values of helping and doing good for the community. Volunteer cadres must have a direct normative and semiotic connection with clients, as they must be members of the community who speak the same language and understand local norms. In line with this community-centred approach, the paper then focuses on the health efficacy of posyandu by viewing them as a recurring, structured symbolic event held in the village. The argument is made that a more qualitative approach should be taken to understanding the efficacy of these meetings, drawing on research methods from the anthropology of ritual (symbolic and therapeutic) healing
The Crisis of Care: State, Family, and Shifting Caring Space in Contemporary Indonesia
No full textThis special issue on the Crisis of Care is the result of extensive collaborative research, discussions, and interactions among contributors. In 2022, with colleagues from the University of Southampton, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia in Jakarta, and Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta, we co-organised a conference entitled ‘Care Dynamics in Contemporary Indonesia’. Ciptaningrat Larastiti was part of a two-year research collaboration between the University of Southampton (United Kingdom) and Atma Jaya Catholic University (Jakarta), titled ‘Care Network in Later Life’. Her research focuses on care for landless older people with a state of dependency in rural Yogyakarta. Elan Lazuardi, having completed her PhD on HIV care, co-organised the conference as the representative of the Department of Anthropology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Older People Living Alone and Their Strategies to Face Life: Case Studies from Yogyakarta and West Sumatra
No full textAcross Indonesia, the dominant model for care and support in later life is for older people to live with or near younger family members. However, coresidence with an adult child or other close relative is not always attainable or preferred. There are conditions where older people live alone and cannot fully depend on their family members for care and support, be it for matters related to physical, economic, psychological, or spiritual needs. We examine how older people who live alone, live their lives and what strategies they pursue in facing life. The data presented in this paper are a subset of a larger comparative study on Older People’s Care Networks, which covered five disparate sites across Indonesia. This article focuses on evidence from West Sumatra and Yogyakarta. As our case studies illustrate, older people living alone is a diverse category, ranging from those with children, to those who are de facto childless or actually childless. Their security or vulnerability cannot simply be deduced from their household composition, but they require the understanding of how people create, maintain, and develop supportive networks and how they use agency in actively managing dependence, independence, and interdependence over the life course and in later life
When Childcare is Commodified: An Autoethnography of Urban Mothering in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
No full textThe research explores how motherhood constructs parenting spaces in urban contexts and, conversely, how urban spaces construct urban motherhood. This autoethnographic research uses Edward Soja’s concept of third space. The results of this study show that working mothers’ routines position them in terms of categorizing time, namely time for work and time for parenting, with a preference for parenting space outside the home. This practice simultaneously constructs temporal (time of care) and spatial (space of care) understandings for children and parents. Social media accelerates the spread of information about leisure centers, including the segmentation of care spaces. The creation of these new care spaces shows that the commodification of urban mothering is slowly shifting the role of care from the home to the public sphere. On the other hand, this domestication of the caring space can involve men in caring practices and change the stigma that caring is not only a woman’s role. Despite thearticulation of parenting as a lifestyle, the infrastructure of parenting spaces and playgrounds for children is still far from meeting the criteria of public space, as the majority are commodified, especially in the context of this research, Yogyakarta