MAKARA Journal of Technology
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PENGARUH DEBIT INFLUEN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDRODINAMIKA KOLAM FAKULTATIF BOJONGSOANG: TANPA PENGARUH ANGIN
Get PDFThe Effects of Influent Debit on Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Bojongsoang Facultative Pond: Without WindEffects. The performance of facultative pond in Bojongsoang WWTP have reported to be unstable. One of the cause ofthe unstable performance is the hydrodynamic characteristics that not met the criterion. The improper hydrodynamiccharacteristics are included the existence of dead-zone, the short-circuiting, and the turbulence due to eddy current. Thestudy was to analyze the effect of the influent debit variation on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the pond usingmathematical model. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was built from two hydrodynamic equations which arecontinuity and momentum equations. The equations were solved by finite-difference numerical method of semi-implicit(Crank-Nicolson). From the simulation results, the Froude number of the water flow was analyzed. Beside that, theeffective residence time and the effective area were calculated. All of them were done to analyzed the existence of thedead-zone in the pond. The simulation results show that the dead-zone was exist in the center of the pond. when theinfluent debit was larger, the effective residence time and the effective area become larger. The distribution of theFroude number value shows that the area with the value of 10-10 become reduced in the larger influent debit. Theexistence of the dead-zone was reduced since the influent debit become larger. It can be said that the larger influentdebit can improve the hydrodynamic characteristics of the pond.Keywords: dead-zone, facultative pond, Froude number, hydrodynamic characteristics, influent debi
STUDI PENGARUH MAGNETISASI SISTEM DIPOL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KEROSIN
Get PDFDipole Magnetization Effect to Kerosene Characteristics. Investigation of kerosene characteristics has been done byex-situ dipole magnetization. The results show that magnetization technique can be able to influence kerosenecharacteristics. Polarity and viscosity of the kerosene are observed by measuring refractive index and viscosity. An hourof 4330 Gauss flux magnetic will increase refractive index from 1.447 to 1.449 and decrease the viscosity from 1.278 to1.256. Those changing support de-clustering occurrence and polarity increment of kerosene molecule. Gaschromatography and infrared result show that those changing do not alter kerosene structure and composition.Keywords: dipole magnetization, polarity, viscosity, de-clusterin
PENCITRAAN 2D DAN 3D OPTICAL BEAM INDUCED VOLTAGE MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR FOTORESISTOR
Get PDFStudy of 2D and 3D Optical Beam Induced Voltage Imaging Using Photoresistor Sensor. This article shows amethod to study OBIV (optical beam induced voltage) imagerie system, that usually employ a laser scanningmicroscopy system. The OBIV imagerie system developed use a photoresistor sensor as a sample and simultaneously itcan be used for analyzing its inhomogeneity response. Resolution of the system is still low, about 350μm due to highvalue of incident light diameter. The results inform that photoresistor sensors gave an optimum response if the incidentlight hits the center of sensible zone.Keywords: OBIV, photoresistor, imagerie system
DESIGN OF PRODUCT PLACEMENT LAYOUT IN RETAIL SHOP USING MARKET BASKET ANALYSIS
Get PDFRetailing is an industry with high level of competition. It is a customer-based industry which depends on how it couldbe aware of what the customers' needs and requirements are. One technique most used in supermarkets is the mixmerchandise. The purpose of this paper is to identify associated products, which then grouped in mix merchandise withthe use of market basket analysis. This association between products then will be applied in the design layout of theproduct in the supermarket. The process of identifying the related products bought together in one transaction is doneby using data mining technique. Apriori algorithm is chosen as a method in the data mining process. Using WEKA(Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) software, the association rule between products is calculated. Theresults found five category association rules and fourteen sub-category association rules. These associations then willbe interpreted as confidence and support to become consideration for the product layout.Keywords: layout, market basket analysis, retai
KAJIAN PERANGKATBANTU KOMPUTASI PARALLEL PADA JARINGAN PC
Get PDFA Study on Parallel Computation Tools on Networked PCs. Many models for natural phenomena, engineeringapplications and industries need powerfull computing resources to solve their problems. High Performance Computingresources were introduced by many researchers. This comes in the form of Supercomputers and with operating systemsand tools for development such as parallel compiler and its library. However, these resources are expensive for theinvestation and maintenance, hence people need some alternatives. Many people then introduced parallel distributedcomputing by using available computing resource such as PCs. Each of these PCs is treated as a processors, hence thecluster of the PC behaves as Multiprocessors Computer. Many tools are developed for such purposes. This paper studiesthe peformance of the currently popular tools such as Parallel Virta\ual Machine (PVM), Message Passing Interface(MPI), Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) and Java Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA).Some experiments were conducted on a cluster of PCs, the results show significant speed up. Each of those tools areidentified suitable for a certain implementation and programming purposes.Keywords: cluster computing, parallel, tool
MODEL SINUSOIDA SECARA SEGMENTAL UNTUK PENGKODEAN SINYAL SUARA
Get PDFSegmental Sinusoidal Model for Speech Signal Coding. Periodic signal can be decomposed by sinusoidal componentwith Fourier series. With this characteristic, it can be modeled referring by sinusoidal form. By the sinusoidal model,signal can be quantized in order to encode the speech signal at the lower rate. The recent sinusoidal method isimplemented in speech coding. By using this method, a block of the speech signal with 20 ms to 30 ms width is codedbased on Fourier series coefficients. The new method proposed is quantization and reconstruction of speech signal bythe segmental sinusoidal model. A segment is defined as a block of the speech signal from certain peak to consecutivepeak. The length of the segment is variable, instead of the fixed block like the recent sinusoidal method. Coder consistsof the encoder and the decoder. Encoder works to code speech signal at variable rate. Then coded signal will betransmitted to receiver. On the receiver, coded signal will be reconstructed, so that the reconstruction signal has the nearquality compared with the original signal. The experimental results show that the average of segmental SNR is morethan 20 dB.Keywords: peak, period, quantization, segmental, sinusoida
PEMANFAATAN SELLULOSA BAGAS UNTUK PRODUKSI ETHANOL MELALUI SAKARIFIKASI DAN FERMENTASI SERENTAK DENGAN ENZIM XYLANASE
Get PDFUtilization of Bagasse Cellulose for Ethanol Production through Simultaneous Saccharification andFermentation by Xylanase. Bagasse is a solid residue from sugar cane process, which is not many use it for someproduct which have more added value. Bagasse, which is a lignosellulosic material, be able to be use for alternativeenergy resources like bioethanol or biogas. With renewable energy resources a crisis of energy in Republic of Indonesiacould be solved, especially in oil and gas. This research has done the conversion of bagasse to bioethanol with xylanaseenzyme. The result show that bagasse contains of 52,7% cellulose, 20% hemicelluloses, and 24,2% lignin. Xylanaseenzyme and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to hydrolyse and fermentation in SSF process. Variation in thisresearch use pH (4, 4,5, and 5), for increasing ethanol quantity, SSF process was done by added chloride acid (HCl)with concentration 0.5% and 1% (v/v) and also pre-treatment with white rot fungi such as Lentinus edodes (L.edodes)as long 4 weeks. The SSF process was done with 24, 48, 72, and 96 hour's incubation time for fermentation. Variationof pH 4, 4,5, and 5 can produce ethanol with concentrations 2,357 g/L, 2,451 g/L, 2,709 g/L. The added chloride acid(HCl) with concentration 0.5% and 1% (v/v) and L. edodes can increase ethanol yield, The highest ethanolconcentration with added chloride acid (HCl) concentration 0.5% and 1% consecutively is 2,967 g/L, 3,249 g/L. Thehighest ethanol concentration with pre-treatment by L. edodes is 3,202 g/L.Keywords: bagasse, bioethanol, hemicelluloses, SSF, xylanase, S. cerevisiae, Lentinus edode
PENGKLASIFIKASIAN OTOMATIS BERBASIS ONTOLOGI UNTUK ARTIKEL BERITA BERBAHASA INDONESIA
Get PDFOntology Based Automatic Classification for News Article in Indonesian Language. Searching specific informationwill be difficult if only rely on query. Choosing less specific queries will result many irrelevant information fetched bythe system. One of the most successful way to overcome this problem is to perform document classification based onthe topic. There are many methods that can be used to conduct such a document classification, such as statistical andmachine learning approaches. However, those document classification methods require training data or learningdocuments. In this study, the authors attempted to classify documents using a method that doesn’t require learningdocuments. This classification method uses ontology to classify documents. Document classification by using ontologyis done by comparing the value of similarity among documents and existing node in the ontology. A document isclassified into a category or a node, if it has the highest similarity value in one of the nodes in the ontology. The resultsshowed that the ontology can be used to perform document classification. Recall value is 97.03%, precision is 91.63%,and f-measure is 94.02%.Keyword: ontology, Naïve-Bayes, stopwords, stemmin
ANALISIS KINERJA PROTOKOL ROUTING AD HOC ON-DEMAND DISTANCE VECTOR (AODV) PADA JARINGAN AD HOC HYBRID: PERBANDINGAN HASIL SIMULASI DENGAN NS-2 DAN IMPLEMENTASI PADA TESTBED DENGAN PDA
Get PDFAd Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing Protocol Performance Evaluation on Hybrid Ad Hoc Network: Comparison of Result of Ns-2 Simulation and Implementation on Testbed using PDA. In Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET), node supplemented with wireless equipment has the capacity to manage and organise autonomously, without the presence of network infrastructures. Hybrid ad hoc network, enable several nodes to move freely (mobile) to create instant communication. Independent from infrastructure. They could access the Local Area Network (LAN) or the Internet. Functionalities of ad hoc network very much dependent on the routing protocol that determines the routing around node. Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) is one of routing protocols in ad hoc network which has a reactive characteristic. This protocol is the most common protocol being researched and used. In this Research, AODV protocol investigation was conducted by developing a testbed using Personal Computer, several Laptops (the Linux Red Hat operation system 9.0 and Fedora Core 2), and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). This research also made a complete package by mean of cross compilation for PDA iPAQ. In general, results obtained from the simulation of AODV protocol using Network Simulator NS-2 are packet delivery ratio 99.89%, end-to-end delay of 0.14 seconds and routing overhead of 1,756.61 byte per second. Afterwards results from simulation were compared to results from testbed. Results obtained from testbed are as follows: the packet delivery ratio is 99.57%, the end-to-end delay is 1.004 seconds and the routing overhead is 1,360.36 byte per second.Keywords: MANET, ad hoc hybrid, protocol routing AOD
BIOMASS PRODUCTION Chlorella vulgaris BUITENZORG USING SERIES OF BUBBLE COLUMN PHOTO BIOREACTOR WITH A PERIODIC ILLUMINATION
Get PDFChlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg cultivation using three bubble column photo bioreactors arranged in series with a volume of 200 mL for 130 hours shows an increase of biomass production of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg up to 1.20 times and a decrease of the ability of CO2 fixation compared to single reactor at a periodic sun illumination cycle. The operation conditions on cultivation are as following: T, 29.0oC; P,1 atm.; UG, 2.40 m/h; CO2, 10%; Benneck medium; and illumination source by Phillip Halogen Lamp 20W /12V/ 50Hz. Other research parameters such as microbial carbon dioxide transferred rate (qco2), CO2 transferred rate (CTR), energy consumption for cellular formation (Ex), and cultural bicarbonate species concentration [HCO3] also give better results on series of reactor.Keywords: Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg, sunlight, periodic illumination, photo bioreactor, series configuratio