JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN
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Pengaruh Pengaruh Investasi terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Regional di Indonesia: Institut Pertanian Bogor
No full textInvestasi merupakan salah satu faktor pendorong perekonomian. Investasi dapat berbentuk Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN). Pemerintahan Jokowi-JK meluncurkan 16 paket kebijakan ekonomi yang diharapkan meningkatkan investasi baik Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN) wilayah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi investasi baik PMA maupun PMDN serta pengaruh PMA dan PMDN terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi regional di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan berupa data panel 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama 2015-2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan kuantitatif dengan data panel menggunakan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi, ekspor-impor dan angkatan kerja terbukti memengaruhi PMA dan PMDN. Selain itu, PMA, PMDN, angkatan kerja dan ekspor berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi sedangkan impor berpengaruh negatif namun tidak signifikan. Pemerintah perlu melakukan pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi, ekspor-impor, angkatan kerja serta stabilisasi laju pertumbuhan ekonomi untuk meningkatkan PMA dan PMDN setiap wilayah di Indonesia. PMA dan PMDN diharapkan dapat diarahkan ke sektor potensial masing-masing wilayah di Indonesia.Investment is one of the driving factors for economy. Investment form are Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Domestic Investment (DI). The Jokowi-JK government launched 16 economic policy packages that is expected to increase investment both Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Domestic Investment (DI) for each region in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence investment both PMA and PMDN as well as the influence of PMA and PMDN on regional economic growth in Indonesia. This study uses data of panel data of 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2015-2018. The method used in this research to descriptive and quantitative analysis in the form of panel data using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM). The results show that economic growth, the rate of economic growth, export-import and the workforce were proven to influence foreign direct investment and domestic investment. In addition, FDI, domestic investment, labor force and exports have a positive and significant effect on economic growth while imports have a negative but not significant effect. The government needs to to minimize imbalances in economic growth, export-import, labor force and stabilize the rate of economic growth to increase FDI and domestic investment in each region in Indonesia. FDI and DI are expected to be directed to the potential sectors of each region in Indonesia
TRANSFORMASI STRUKTURAL: FAKTOR-FAKTOR DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DISPARITAS PENDAPATAN DI MADURA
Full text linkStructural transformation is responsible for income disparity as transformation of economical structure is not supported by structural transformation of labor. This unbalanced transformation divides labour into two groups, unskilled and skilled labour. Increased income disparity is a consequence of different opportunity and intensive. This study investigated factors that account for structural transformation and its impact on disparity of income distribution in Madura using regression model of panel data. The results showed that population and income per capita significantly influenced structural transformation in Madura. Both factors significantly changed added value in agriculture and industry sector, meanwhile population was a single factor that significantly influenced service sector. Agriculture was a share sector that was effective in lowering income disparity. However, share sector of industry and service was observed to increase income disparity
Respon Return Pasar Modal Indonesia terhadap Kebijakan Moneter Domestik dan Asing
Full text linkUnderstanding the impact of external shocks on the stock market return and volatility is crucial for market participants as volatility is synonymous with risk. This paper provides comprehensive evidence on the spillover effects of the change of monetary policies from inside country and foreign origins on Indonesia stock market in the period of the time from November 2, 2012 to May 15, 2017. Used symmetric (IGARCH) and asymmetric (EGARCH and APARCH) GARCH model analysis to evaluate the impact of surprise and anticipated changes of monetary policies from inside country and foreign policies (from another ASEAN countries and leading economies, in this paper are United States, Europe, and United Kingdom). Surprise change of monetary policy is proxied by one day change in 3 months interbank offered rate, while anticipated change of monetary policy is proxied by one day change in target interest rate or policy rate. The result shows that information of the monetary policy news and Indonesia stock return is asymmetric. Indonesia stock market is only affected by foreign monetary policies. Keywords: ASEAN stock market, GARCH, Monetary policy JEL classification: C01, C50, E5
Analisis Kinerja Perdagangan Indonesia ke Negara Potensial Benua Afrika
Full text linkTrade liberalization generates higher commodity export opportunities between countries. The export opportunities to the African countries are evidenced by the high average growth of the total export values from Indonesia to Africa in 2011-2016, amounting to 5.886%. The aim of this research is to determine the potential importing African countries through the identification of export value and share, evaluate the performance and trade integration between Indonesia and the African countries through RCA, EPD and IIT methods. The results showed that South Africa with commodities like HS 71, 15, 40, 87 and 84 and Egypt with HS 15, 55, 40, 48 and 84, could be potential export destinations for Indonesia in 2011-2016. The Indonesian HS 71, 15 and 40 commodities in South Africa and Egypt i.e. HS 15, 55, 40, and 48, face tremendous competitivity. The potential Indonesian commodities in the South African market with HS codes of 15, 84, and 87 were considered as Falling Star while HS 71 and 40 were in retreating position. The HS 15 and 55 in the Egyptian market were in the position of Falling Star, with HS 40, 48, and 84 in the Retreat position. In South Africa, the HS commodities 71, 15, 40 and HS 87 were weakly integrated while the HS 50 had a strong integration. Keywords: African, RCA, EPD, IIT JEL classification: C23, F10, F1
Causality Analysis of Producer Price Index (PPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Indonesia
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the relationship between PPI inflation and CPI inflation in Indonesia both in general and for each group of commodity, and to identify whether PPI inflation can be a leading indicator for CPI inflation or vice versa. This study employs Granger causality based on VAR model for monthly data series from January 2010 until August 2016. The results show that there are unidirectional relationship between PPI inflation and CPI inflation generally, bidirectional relationship from PPI inflation to CPI inflation for foodstuffs group, unidirectional from CPI inflation to PPI inflation for clothing group, and no causality between PPI inflation and CPI inflation for processed food, beverage, cigarette, and tobacco group.Keywords: Granger causality, producer price index, consumer price index, VAR JEL classification: E31, C2
Analisis Permintaan Kuantitas dan Kualitas Beras di DKI Jakarta
Full text linkBeras merupakan salah satu makanan pokok yang mendominasi pemenuhan kebutuhan karbohidrat penduduk. Meningkatnya tingkat pendapatan penduduk menyebabkan preferensi terhadap beras yang dikonsumsi berubah. DKI Jakarta adalah provinsi dengan tingkat pendapatan yang terbesar di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi permintaan beras dan melihat perubahan respon permintaan kuantitas dan kualitas beras terhadap perubahan pendapatan dan harga di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Data yang digunakan berasal dari SUSENAS DKI Jakarta periode Maret 2017. Jenis data yang digunakan merupakan data cross section dengan unit sampel 5.200 rumah tangga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dalam bentuk dua persamaan tunggal semilog. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan perkapita, harga beras dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga secara positif memengaruhi permintaan beras di DKI Jakarta. Elastisitas pengeluaran dan kuantitas beras menunjukkan nilai yang positif. Hal ini menunjukkan kenaikan pendapatan akan memengaruhi permintaan beras dari sisi kuantitas dan kualitas beras. Sementara elastisitas harga silang menunjukkan arah yang beragam untuk terigu dan daging ayam.Rice is one of the staple foods that dominates the fulfillment of carbohydrate needs of the population. The increase in population income causes the change in rice consumption preferences. DKI Jakarta is the province with the highest income level in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the demand for rice in DKI Jakarta Province and analyze the change in demand for rice quantity and quality due to changes in income and price in DKI Jakarta. The data used in this study is from SUSENAS (National Socio-Economic Survey) for DKI Jakarta in March 2017. The data is cross section with sampling unit of 5200 households. The method used is multiple linear regression in the form of two singular semi-log equations. The results show that per capita income, rice price and the number of household members positively influences the demand for rice in DKI Jakarta. Expenditure and quantiiy elasticity of rice is positive. This means that the increase in income is related to increase in demand for rice in terms of quantity and quality. Meanwhile, the value of cross price elasticity shows varied sign
Dampak Diversifikasi Ekspor Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Negara-Negara Anggota ASEAN
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the impact of diversification of exports on economic growth in the ASEAN. The sample used in this study is the eight member countries of ASEAN for the period 2006-2014. The dependent variable is the growth of income per capita, while the independent variable which is based on the theory of Solow growth include number of workers, total of investment and export diversification index. The Observations are estimated using pooled least square. Based on these results, the majority of ASEAN countries have positive relation between export diversification index and the growth of income per capita. At times of crisis, the export diversification index in the ASEAN is no longer a positive impact on national income which is shown by the negative coefficient on the dummy variable interaction between the global crisis of 2008 with an export diversification index
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Full text linkSelama tahun 2010-2015 peringkat Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah mengalami penurunan. Peringkat IPM juga relatif rendah dibanding indikator lain seperti kemiskinan, pengangguran dan rasio gini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kinerja IPM dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi IPM pada kabupaten/kota di Kalimantan Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel 14 kabupaten/kota di Kalimantan Tengah tahun 2010-2015. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kabupaten seruyan dan pulang pisau memiliki nilai dan laju pertumbuhan IPM yang rendah. Indeks rata-rata lama sekolah merupakan indeks terendah dalam penyusunan IPM di Kalimantan Tengah, sehingga menjadi beban karena penghitungan metode baru menggunakan rata-rata geometri. Hasil model menunjukan bahwa PDRB perkapita, alokasi APBD untuk kesehatan, tingkat pengangguran, dan dummy kota kabupaten berpengaruh positif sedangkan kemiskinan dan rasio ketergantungan berpengaruh negatif terhadap IPM. Variabel yang memiliki pengaruh terbesar terhadap nilai IPM adalah PDRB perkapita. Saran yang diberikan untuk menaikkan PDRB adalah pengembangan kluster industri kelapa sawit di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah.During the years between 2010 and 2015, Central Kalimantan’s Human Development Index (HDI) rank has decreased. Its HDI rank is also relatively low if compared to other indicators such as poverty, unemployment, and the gini ratio. This study aims to describe the HDI performance and the factors affecting HDI in regencies / cities in Central Kalimantan. The method used is the panel data regression of 14 regencies / cities in Central Kalimantan from 2010 to 2015. Based on the study results, Seruyan Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency has a low value and growth of HDI. The mean years of schooling index is the lowest index of the HDI components in Central Kalimantan, thus becoming a burden since the new calculation method is using the geometry average. The model results showed that GDP per capita, budgetary allocation for the health, unemployment rate, and dummy regencies / cities have positive effect, while poverty and dependency ratio have negative effect on HDI. The variable that have the greatest influence on the HDI value is GDP per capita. Therefore, the suggested recommendation is to increase GDP by the means of the development of palm oil cluster in Central Kalimantan
Analisis Pengembangan Ekspor Cengkeh Indonesia
Full text linkExports are an important component of the economy. The higher export performance, the greater positive impact on the economy. From 2012 to 2016, Indonesia\u27s exports continue to decline, so Indonesia needs to boost its exports again. One of the potential commodities developed is cloves. This study analyzes the development of Indonesian clove exports by finding out the competitiveness of cloves, as well as factors affecting its exports. The methods used are RCA, EPD, X-Model, and Gravity. The results of the analysis found that an optimistic market developed is Pakistan, Germany, Italy and United State of America. Potential markets to be developed are Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, France and Netherlands markets. Factors affecting Indonesian clove exports are GDP per capita, export price, economic distance and tariff. Keywords: Clove, EPD, Export, Gravity Model, RCA JEL Classification: C23, F10, F1
Analisis Kesejahteraan Petani: Pola Penguasaan Lahan Di Kabupaten Lamongan
Full text linkPola penguasaan lahan mempengaruhi efektivitas sektor pertanian. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penguasaan lahan pertanian dan menghitung koefisien Gini penguasaan lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Lamongan. Data yang digunakan adalah data cross section rumah tangga usaha pertanian di Kabupaten Lamongan . Data diperoleh dari Sensus Pertanian 2013 dengan total observasi sebanyak 189 343 rumah tangga pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Regresi Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia kepala rumah tangga, jenis kelamin kepala rumah tangga, ukuran rumah tangga, dan jenis pendapatan utama secara signifikan mempengaruhi penguasaan lahan basah. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak signifikan mempengaruhi penguasaan lahan kering adalah jenis kelamin kepala rumah dan usia kepala rumah tangga. Terkait lahan basah sebagai sarana akumulasi aset bagi rumah tangga petani, hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa petani mengalami penurunan dalam akumulasi marjinal lahan basah. Selain itu, koefisien Gini penguasaan lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Lamongan adalah 0.49 dan menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan distribusi penguasaan lahan pertanian antar rumah tangga usaha pertanian di Kabupaten Lamongan cenderung moderat.Pattern of landholding affects effectiveness of the agricultural sector. This study aims to identify the determinants of landholding. The objectives are to identify the determinants of wet land and dry land held by farm household in Lamongan Regency and to calculate Gini coefficient of agricultural land in Lamongan Regency. Data was obtained from Agricultural Census 2013. Specifically, this study utilizes household cross sectional data with 189 343 observations. This research utilizes multiple regression analysis. The results show that age, gender of head of household, household size, main source of income, and dummy for asset are significantly influencing wet landholding, while factors insignificantly affecting dry landholding is gender of head of household and age. Regarding wet land as asset accumulation for farm household, the results show that farmers experience a decreasing marginal accumulation on wet landholding. The Gini coefficient of agricultural land in Lamongan Regency is 0.49 and it shows that Lamongan Regency experiences moderate inequality in term of land holding