Kes Mas: Jurnal Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat
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PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI GUDANG INSTALASI FARMASI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA UNIT I
Full text linkBackground: Medicine arrangement in Hospital Pharmaceutical Installation included planning, procurement, distribution, and utilizing. Medicine storage indicator was : the suitability between goods and stock card, TOR (Turn Over Ratio), percentage of medicine which was expired and or damaged, storage room arrangement system, percentage of dead stock, and percentage of final stock value. Based on the result of work evaluation of Pharmaceutical Supply Inventory for tablet supply in Pharmaceutical Installation Storage Room at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital Unit I, it was found that unsuitability between goods quantity with stock card and computerization was as much as 15,38 %, TOR value was 29 times every year, final sock value was 6 %, medicine percentage was ED (expired date) 0,03 %. This data showed us that the suitability between goods and stock care, medicine ED percentage, TOR, and final stock value didnt meet the hospital target yet.Method: This research was a kind of qualitative description with a draft as observational research. The subjects at this research were The Head of Pharmaceutical Installation, The Head of Pharmaceutical Installation Storage Room, officers of Pharmaceutical Installation Storage Room, and The Head of Maintenance Unit. The means of the research used observatory method and a deep interview. Data analysis was made in a way of qualitative description, and triangulation technique was done to guarantee data validity. Results: Based on the result of research by using observation and deep interview, we knew that medicine storage system in Pharmaceutical Installation Storage Room didnt meet the standard because the medicine arrangement didnt refer to therapy class/ medicine merit. The building and the rooms were suitable with the standard, but the equipments didnt meet the standard because there was no alarm, gram and milligram measurement, box opener, and maintenance card. Human resource was already suitable with the standard because there were Pharmacist and the assistant available.Conclusion: The factor of medicine and equipment stock room system was not suitable with the standard, but the factor of building, rooms and human resource in Pharmaceutical Installation Storage Room at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital Unit I were already suitable with the standard.Keywords: Medicine storage, Building and Rooms, Equipment, Human Resourc
IDENTIFIKASI KONTAMINASI TELUR NEMATODA USUS PADA AYURAN KUBIS (Brassica oleracea) WARUNG MAKAN LESEHAN WONOSARI GUNUNGKIDUL YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2010
No full textBackground : Vegetables can be eaten by fully or in portion on fresh condition (lalapan) or in be cooked. Fresh vegetables (lalapan) useful for the healthy of our bodies caused have good nutrition that relative high in vitamine and mineral shape, and one kind of thats vegetables is cabbage or kol. Cabbage which have been cleaned may still find the germs agent for example is the intestinal nematode. In Indonesia, intestinal nematode remain caused the serious public health problem, are Ascaris lumbricoides, hook worm and Trichuris trichiura. Soil, vegetables and water are the important one of the transmission way of the eggs of intestinal nematode, if there found many eggs of intestinal nematodes on the contamination sources (like vegetables, soil and the others) automatically will followed with the increasing of endemic degree.Method : This was descriptive qualitative research using laboratory enclosed. The cabbage that are used for examination materials, cabbage that usually use on food court especially pedestrian food court (warung makan lesehan) which sold on the midle of the city Wonosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta. To make sediment of the eggs of intestinal nematode is used NaOH 0,2% solution as detergent solution. The practice of this exam use sedimentation technique and than be checked the diagnosting on microscope. The result of data that shown on therefore any contamination or yet the eggs of intestinal nematode, the kind of species of intestinal nematode and infective stage of those species. Data will be analyzed in descriptive qualitative statistic and been shown on table and chart.Result: The result of this research showed that there any contamination of the eggs of intestinal nematode from the cabbage (Brassica oleracea) that was been analyzed (38,89%), for the species of the eggs of intestinal nematode that shown positive samples are found Ascaris lumbricoides (50%), hook worm (12,5%) and Trichuris trichiura (37,5%). The infective stage that known is only one kind of infective stage that is an infective stage from Ascaris lumbricoides egg. Conclution: There was any contamination of the eggs of intestinal nematode on the cabbage (Brassica oleracea) that used for fresh vegetable menu (lalapan) on pedestrian food court in the midle of the city Wonosari Gunungkidul Yogyakarta.Keyword : Contamination, Cabbage (Brassica oleracea), The eggs of intestinal nematod
Pengaruh Penyuluhan terhadap Kepadatan Aedes aegypti dalam Pencegahan Demam Berdarah
Full text linkBackground: Dengue infection is a public health problem and until now, the dengue eradication efforts have not been successfuly. In Indonesia, the incidence is still high and widely transmitted there fore the more intensive vector control is required. The purpose of this study was to verify that the counseling program about mosquitonest eradication effect the density of Aedes. Method: The research was quasi experiment using one group pre and post test design, interventions about counseling of mosquito to eradication. Samples were gathered from health center around Ngaliyan area which consisted of 6 districts. Each district was taken 100 houses by simple random sampling, so the total samples are 600 and each samples were testedor the presence of Aedes aegypti’s larvaes. Pretest was conducted on May 2013 and postest on August 2013 by conducting entomological survey to determine the density of Aedes aegypti’s larvae. Respondents are received 3 times counseling. Results: Data about Larva Free Index (ABJ), Container Index (CI), House Index (HI) and Breteau Index (BI) were tested for normality using Shapiro Wilk, and all were normally distributed (p>0.05), the data were analyzed using t-paired test. The result of Larva Free Index variable analysis obtained were p=0.011, CI p=0.000, HI p=0.035 and BI p=0.004. Conclusion: Counseling about mosquito eradication effected on Aedes aegypti’s larvae so it can prevent the outbreak of dengue fever
Analisa Penerapan Budaya Perilaku Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di Rumah Sakit
Full text linkBackground: Panti Rapih Yogyakarta Hospital is a health institution that organizes health services. Various potential hazards in hospitals due to physical factors, chemical factors, biological factors, ergonomics factors, psychosocial factors, mechanical hazards, electrical hazards, and hospital wastes could lead to illness, and work-related accidents. From the potential hazard in the hospital then did prevention and reduced risk of danger, need a way that was by cultivated behavior of occupational health and safety in hospital (K3RS), at Panti Rapih Hospital has been applied K3RS but still there were workers who did not use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The purpose of this study was to analyze the culture of safety behavior after the implementation of occupational safety and health (OSH) at Panti Rapih Hospital. Method: This research was a qualitative research with case study approach. Data collection was conducted by observation and indepth interview. The informants in this research were the Head of P2K3, OSH Secretary, Head of Equipment, equipment staff, and cleaning staff. Results: The result showed Panti Rapih Hospital has already has a program to civilize OSH, among others that was with management commitment with the formation of written policy and stated in vision of mission of hospital accompanied by making of OSH organization, OSH regulation and procedure in every job with formula formulation and procedure by management and safety comitee, communication with safety poster, safety sign, training, competence of worker with OSH general expert and understanding about OSH, worker involvement in the form of training and reporting of accident, and work environment that all employees are actively involved in OSH. Conclusion: The culture of safety behavior in Panti Rapih Hospital has been well implemented supported by written policy, the existence of OHS procedures and regulations, communication between management and employees, worker competence, employee involvement, worker communication, and work environment
The Relationship between Knowledge Level, Attitude, and Source of Information Maternal with Pentavalent Immunization Completeness
Full text linkBackground: Pentavalent immunization was developed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) by adding Hib vaccine and combined it into one single preparation. The advantage of using the pentavalent vaccine is the protection of five diseases, easy to use and reducing drop out numbers. The aim of this study was to determine the relation of mother's knowledge, attitude, and information source with pentavalent immunization's completeness in Cipondoh Primary Health Care. Method: This was an analytical non-paired comparative study with cross-sectional design by consecutive sampling technique. There were 105 respondents. The samples were mothers who have minimal 6 months old baby in Cipondoh Primary Health Care work area. Data were collected using questionnaires. Results: The results of bivariate test using chi-square shows there was a relation between mother's knowledge and pentavalent immunization's completeness (p-value=0.001; OR=6.1; CI=2.1-17.2), mother's attitude and pentavalent immunization's completeness (p-value=0.027; OR=3.5; CI=1.1-11.3), mother's information source and pentavalent immunization's completeness (p-value=0.011; OR=4.4; CI=1.5-12.4). Conclusion: There was a relationship between maternal knowledge level, maternal attitude, information source and pentavalent immunization's completeness
PENGARUH VARIASI BIOMASSA Pistia stratiotes L. TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR BOD, COD, DAN TSS LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DI DUSUN KLERO SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Full text linkBackground: Some industries know in Orchard of direct Klero Sleman Yogyakarta throw away the liquid waste to river Gawe without done a processing beforehand, so that cause the river water becomes the impure. Others, there are sigh from society of around industry know that is incidence of smelling, so that society which live in about industry know to become annoyed. This Research aim to know influence of variation of biomassa Pistia stratiotes L. to degradation rate of BOD, COD, and TSS liquid waste know at Orchard of Klero Sleman Yogyakarta. Processing of liquid waste by exploiting Pistia stratiotes L. expected can lessen compound rate of impure toxic compound and also consisting is in underwater of waste.Method: this was pure experimental research using complete random device. Involved in variable was variation of biomassa Pistia stratiotes L. as independent variable. Rate of Biologycal Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) as dependent variable. Research executed in Countryside of Pereng Sumberharjo Yogyakarta. Measurement of parameter BOD, COD, and TSS conducted in Laboratory Hall Technique Health of Environment (BTKL) Bantul. Sample for this research was liquid waste know in Orchard of Klero Sleman Yogyakarta. Result of research analyzed to use test of ANOVA and test of BNT (Least Significant Different).Result: Result of analysis influence variation of biomassa Pistia stratiotes L. to degradation of rate BOD, COD, and TSS use test of ANOVA show value equal to 2966,67, 8836,57, 1337,33 with level of significance equal to 0,000 (p<0,05) which indication that variation excelsior of biomassa Pistia stratiotes L. hence excelsior also degradation of rate of BOD, COD, and TSS.Conclusion: There was influences which significant between variation of biomassa Pistia stratiotes L. to degradation of rate of BOD, COD, and TSS liquid waste know in Orchard of Klero Sleman Yogyakarta.Keywords: Biomassa, Pistia Stratiotes L., BOD, COD, and TSS Liquid Wast, Soybean cak
Clinical Handover Standard for Midwifery Students: Improving Safety Attitudes in Maternity Services
Full text linkBackground: Midwifery students sometimes are not involved during the clinical handover in maternal health services, so they potentially get the negative impact on patient safety. This study was to assess the effect of the implementation of clinical handover standard for midwifery students as an effort to improve safety attitudes in maternity services. Method: A quasi-experimental with post test only design was conducted on 30 midwifery students at Amanda Maternity Services. Clinical handover standard with Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation (SBAR) Framework was used as a guideline. Results: Observation checklist was completed by Clinical Instructor (CI) while student and CI completed safety attitude questionnaire. A semi-structured interview was also conducted with midwifery student and clinical instructor. The result of this study showed that CI observation that 93.3% of students were competent in the application of clinical handover. Students’ safety attitudes also changed significantly after implementation of clinical handover standards (p= 0.0005). Conclusion: Majority of the students and clinical instructor stated that the application of clinical handover help students to reduce the confusion of the patients' problem to prevent errors in maternity care.Â
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dan Paparan Media Massa dengan Perilaku Pacaran Remaja
Full text linkBackground: Teenagers are a labile phase where it is very easy to be influenced by things from the outside whether it is a good thing or a bad thing. Teenager’s sexual behavior is influenced by risky courtship behavior. The impact of risky dating behavior is unwanted pregnancy, to be unsocialized and psychological disturbance. Kartasura District is the region with the highest number of Sexusl Transmission Infections (STIs) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Sukoharjo District. Method: This research was an analytic research with crossecttional approach and using quota sampling. The population in this study was all teenagers aged 10-19 years in Kartasura District and 120 teenagers as the sample of the research. Results: The result of bivariate analysis between knowledge and dating behavior got p value= 0,024> 0,05, and correlation between exposure of mass media to teen’s courtship behavior got p value= 0,000<0,05. Conclusion: Based on the results of the data analysis using chi square, it is known that there is a correlation between knowledge (p value= 0,024) and mass media exposure (p value= 0,000) with teenage dating behavior in Kartasura district
Decentralisation in Indonesia: The Impact on Local Health Programs
Full text linkBackground: After more than a decade of implementation, the outcomes of decentralisation in Indonesia, particularly for the health sector are still obscure. Government health expenditure in a number of districts has increased considerably, but despite this health system performance to a large extent seems unaffected, calling into question how health stakeholders actually interpret local needs and how this interpretation can influence the consequent process for developing health programs. The main objective is to reveal the impact of decentralisation on health programs. Methods: In order to explore the complexity of the process, thirty-six stakeholders from eight different districts were interviewed, individually. These stakeholders consisted of representatives of the executive and legislative bodies, and the head of the district health office. Using purposive sampling, districts as the unit of analysis were selected on the basis of different degrees of fiscal strength and of urbanisation. The data were explored using framework approach. Results: One feature of decentralisation was the transfer of central government-that includes the discretion to develop and financing local initiative health programs to the local governments. However, the extent of health programs in each local government depends on factors such as local fiscal capacity, regulations, and the political process. In the case of Jamkesda, local fiscal capacity will determine the coverage and benefit of the health scheme that usually was supported by local regulations. However, the amount of local budget allocated for Jamkesda, relied greatly on the political process. The role of Jamkesda as a vote-getter for local politicians is significance, both in term of local commitment (budget allocation and regulation) and the sustainability of the program. Conclusion: Decentralisation has changed the development of local health program, nevertheless, the scope of local initiative health programs is determined by local fiscal capacity and the political process
Analisis Budaya K3 dengan Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire dan Safety Culture Maturity Model
Full text linkBackground: Implementation and good practice of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) based on state regulation should be sufficient for a company to promote safety culture. However, “Zero Accident†as its measurable goal has not been consistently achieved, thus we can deduce that OHS practice has not gained its optimum level. We need to know why this gap happens; which safety culture elements are considered as dominant obstacle and support factors at the same time. The research purpose is to measure safety culture maturity level as well as factors that influence safety culture in a company, as case study PT X. Method: As research designs, analytical descriptive and cross-sectional design using quantitative and qualitative approaches were mixed together. The research samples consisted of 96 individuals and 5 key informants. Data was gathered using NOSACQ-50 questionnaire, SCMM questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. Its independent variables were OHS priority management, commitment and competency, OHS empowering management, OHS equality management, worker commitment on OHS, priority and risk acceptance, communication in OHS practice, learning and trust between co-workers in OHS competency, confidence level on OHS system effectivity, work duration, education level, and job position, whilst the only dependent variable was safety culture maturity level. Result: The research result showed that there were correlations between all independent variables of NOSACQ-50 components and safety culture maturity level. It was also concluded that OHS priority management and commitment and competency were both considered as the most influential factors to safety culture (OR=6,29). Following up the research result, it is recommended to the company to officially state Safety Culture as OHS department vision, to improve training management especially for increasing training participation from each business unit, to educate employees to have better mindset on punishment and incident reporting activities, and to improve communication effectiveness within employees related to OHS practice. Keywords: Safety Culture, Safety Climate, Safety Culture Maturity Level, NOSACQ-50, SCMM