Kes Mas: Jurnal Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat
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COMPARISON OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF COW MILK KEFIR AND GOAT MILK KEFIR AGAINST BACTERIA Bacillus cereus
Get PDFBackground: Kefir is fermented milk and comes from the Caucasus. Kefir is made by inoculating cow milk, goat or sheep with kefir grain. Kefir contains 0.5–1.0% alcohol and 0.9 to 1.1% lactic acid. This product is very popular in the Soviet Union, where the consumption of kefir reach 4.5 kg per capita per year. Kefir made from pasteurized milk and fermented with kefir grain, kefir grain is white seeds from bacteria colony, such as Streptococcus sp., Lactobacilli and some types of yeast/yeast apatogen. As a probiotic drink, kefir contains bacteria of lactic acid and acetic acid bacteria in kefir are giving acidity and produces secondary metabolites that bacteriocins that kill pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus cereus.Method: This study used cow milk and goat milk kefir as a starting material, to produce a cow milk kefir and goat milk kefir. Cow milk kefir and goat milk kefir were compared antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus. Previously each made 3 variations of the concentration of 2%, 4%, and 6% kefir grains were added cow milk and goat milk. Antibacterial activity tested using Kirby Bauer method so that the observation a clear zone formed on the media was the inhibition activity of the bacterium Bacillus cereus. The results were analyzed by ANOVA, Mann Whitney, and Tukey with a significance of 95%.Result: The results showed that goat milk kefir has better antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus compared to cow milk kefir. Goat milk kefir with kefir seeds concentration of 6% has the best antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameter of 6 mm. Keywords: kefir, Bacillus cereus, cow milk, goat mil
FATHER’S ROLES ON THE EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICE
Get PDFBackground:Exclusive breastfeeding is the best way feed infant aged 0-6 months. Various factors influence breastfeeding practice, include father’s role factors. This study aimed to describe father’s roles and its association to breastfeeding practices.Method: Method used in this study was survey with cross sectional approach. The sample were 80 couples who had 0-6 month aged baby lived in the service area of Ngesrep subdistrict in February 2012 using pusposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed descriptively using chi-square statistical test.Result: The result showed among mothers with exclusive breastfeeding practice, about 80% father did support their wife. Father’s role were significantly associated to exclusive breastfeeding practices ( =0.0001). It was also influenced by medical support ( =0.042), grand mother and peer support ( =0.0001), and non-working mothers ( =0.049).Conclusion: Fathers who did role supporting mothers to practice exclusive breastfeeding, improve its success. However, medical support, grand mother and peer support, and mother’s occupation are confounding variable for this. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, father, father’s roleÂ
NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM EFFECT ON WEIGHT OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS
Get PDFBackground:Nutrition is a major factor in improving the quality of human resources (HR). The quality of a country's human resources can be measure with nutritional status of children under five year, which is the candidate for the next of the nation generation. Under nutrition rates among children under five in Indonesia according Riskesdas 2007 is 18.4% (prevalence of severe undernutrition children underfive is 5.4% and 13.0% of children underfive undernutrition) and data Riskesdas 2010 is 17.9% (prevalence of severe undernutrition children under five 4.9% and 13.0% of children under five undernutrition. Although the figure has decreased, but the number is still high and has not reached the MDG target of 15.5% and RPJMN 2010-2014 is 15%. Widespread malnutrition in the community due to multifactorial, but there are two reasons that are believed to be the direct cause of low consumption of food and the presence of infectious disease. The indirect causes are factors of parenting and childcare, food availability also environmental sanitation.Method: This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition assistance programs during one month of the weight of children under five. The method used is Non-Randomized Quasi- Experiment with pre-test and post-test group. Sampling was conducted with a purposive sample of experiments, a total of 15 samples.Result: Results of Paired T-Test showed that the value of p<0.005 (p = 0.001). It can be concluded that the nutritional assistance program, which lasted for one month is able to increase weight children under five (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Advice for PHC/Health Department to address the nutritional problems in children under five is to increase nutrition assistance program through nutritional care of the family. Keyword: nutrition assistance program, weight, children under five year
PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI PEREKAT ANTARA BRIKET BIOARANG TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT DENGAN BRIKET BIOARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA TERHADAP WAKTU DIDIH AIR
Get PDFABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi, menyebabkan meningkatnya konsumsi energi. Beberapa jenis sumber energi alternatif yang bisa dikembangkan yaitu energi biomassa. Potensi limbah biomassa terdiri dari sektor perkebunan yaitu tebu, kelapa sawit, kelapa, karet, kopi dan coklat yang dapat diolah menjadi briket bioarang. Dalam pembuatan briket bioarang memerlukan perekat sebagai penyatu bubuk arang dan mempengaruhi nilai kalor. Penelitian ini menggunakan briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dan tempurung kelapa dengan konsentrasi perekat yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui  perbedaan pemberian konsentrasi perekat pada briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dan tempurung kelapa terhadap waktu didih air.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain rancangan static group comparisons. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dan tempurung kelapa dengan konsentrasi perekat 600cc, 700cc, 800cc, dan 900cc, untuk mengetahui waktu mendidihkan air sebanyak 1000ml.Hasil Penelitian: Uji Anova dengan nilai sig 0,289 > dari 0,05, yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan nyata waktu didih air antar konsentrasi yang berbeda pada briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit. Uji Anova dengan nilai sig 0,197, yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan nyata waktu didih air pada tempurung kelapa. Uji t-test didapatkan nilai sig 0,201, sehingga tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan untuk perbedaan waktu didih air briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dengan tempurung kelapa.Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan nyata waktu didih air pada konsentrasi yang berbeda pada briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dan tempurung kelapa. Tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata waktu didih air antara briket bioarang tandan kosong sawit dengan tempurung kelapa. Kata Kunci: Waktu didih air, briket bioarang, konsentrasi perekat, tandan kosong sawit, tempurung kelap
Translation and Validation of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) into Indonesian: a Pilot Study
Get PDFLatar belakang: Rendahnya rasa percaya diri ibu pasca persalinan berhubungan dengan persepsi tentang kurangnya produksi ASI dan risiko untuk segera berhenti menyusui. WHO/ UNICEF merekomendasikan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada enam bulan pertama setelah kelahiran, kemudian ditambahkan pemberian makanan pendamping ASI secara bertahap sampai usia dus tahun atau lebih. Namun hampir semua negara di dunia belum dapat memenuhi rekomendasi WHO tersebut untuk ASI eksklusif. Meskipun mayoritas ibu awalnya menyusui, namun banyak dari mereka yang terlalu cepat berhenti karena rendahnya rasa percaya diri. Berdasar teori kepercayaan diri, ekspektasi kepercayaan diri dapat mempengaruhi pandangan para ibu terkait kemampuan mereka untuk memulai, mempertahankan dan terus melanjutkan menuyusui. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan pilot study Hasil: Reliabilitas instrumen ini cukup baik dengan nilai Cronbach alfa 0,77, dan 12 item valid, namun ada dua item yang tidak valid. Kesimpulan: Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) merupakan instrumen yang sesuai untuk menilai kepercayaan diri dalam hal menyusui para ibu di Indonesia. Proses translasi dan validasi instrumen ini telah dilakukan. Versi bahasa Indonesia dari BSES-SF merupakan instrumen yang cukup valid dan reliabel untuk menilai kepercayaan diri dalam hal menyusui. Kata kunci: percaya diri, ibu, menyusu
ANALISIS KINERJA PERAWAT DALAM PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI NOSOKOMIAL DI RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: Nosocomial infection is an important health care problem worldwide. Nosocomial infections in the hospital at about 9% (variation 3- 21%) or over 1.4 million patients admitted to hospi-tals around the world. Nosocomial infections pose some problems, namely an increase in morbid-ity and mortality, the addition of day care, the increasing cost of care and dissatisfaction with both pa-tients and their families. Nosocomial infection control efforts are very complex and involves a variety of targets including hospital personnel, patients, medical equipment, treatment rooms, and the envi-ronment. The purpose of this study was to mengetahuai performance of nosocomial infection con-trol nurse in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Bantul, Yogyakarta. Methods: This study was a type of observational analytic study using quantitative cross- sectional survey design. The sample size was of the study was 50 nurses. The sampling technique used Sampling Random sampling techniques with systematic sampling. Data was taken using a ques-tionnaire. Results: Based on the results of the bivariate test there were three variables that were statistically significant, namely knowledge (p value = 0.000 and RP = 7.115), attitude (p value = 0.000 and RP = 6.519) and skills (p value = 0.000 and RP = 6.519). Non- significant variables: education (p value = 0.486 and RP = 0.542) and training (p value = 0.670 and RP = 1.432). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes and skills in nosocomial infection control and there was no statistically significant relationship between education and training in nosocomial infection control. Key words: nosocomial infection control, nurse performance, cross sectional
HUBUNGAN MASA KERJA DENGAN KAPASITAS VITAL PARU OPERATOR EMPAT STASIUN PENGISIAN BAHAN BAKAR UMUM (SPBU) KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: Motor vehicles contributed almost 100 percent plumbum, 70,5 percent of carbon monoxide, 8,89 percent oxide nitrogen, 18,34 percent hydro carbon and 1,33 percent particles. Many pollutants would cause bad effect especially to respiratory system. Air pollution in Yogyakarta city, were above norml threshold of air qualiy standards. One point area with with high air pollutionis in SPBU. The officers also had high risk to exposed danger chemicals especially plumbum by gaso-line and gas emissions of motor vehicle that waiting queue refueling or vehicle departing after refu-eling. The longer someone worked so the more he has exosed the danger that generated by work environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between work period with lung vital capacity operator in four public refueling stations Yogyakarta city. Methods: this study was analytic observational with kuantitatif methods. Design used cross sctonl. The sample of this study were operator four public refueling stations amount 43 persons. The measurements of lung vital capacity used electric spirometer and themeasure of work period used questionnaire. Data analsys used univariate and bivariate. Result: there was a significant relation between work period with lung vital capacity operator in four public refueling Yogyakarta city with significancy value (p) amount 0,018 with p=0,018,<?=005, so Ho which states there is no relationship between work periods with lung vital capacity in four public refueling stations rejected. Ha which states there is relationship between work periods with lung vtal capacity I four public refueling stations accepted Conclusion: work periods had significant relation to lung vital capacity operator in four public sta-tions in yyogyakarta city. Keywords: work periode, lung vital capacity, public refueling station operato
PENERAPAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA PADA CV. CIPTA MANDIRI DI KABUPATEN KENDAL
No full textBackground: the realization management health and occupational very important to a company. In the CV Cipta Mandiri still occured job accident that can damage employee although facilities that available. As long as CV Cipta Mandiri has perform management system safety and health occupational until necessary does evaluation of realization system. Method: this research constitute of descriptive research with planning cross sectional. The collect of data with does analysis direct on field and interview going deep to researce person. Result : the facilities of work is good, but it need completed wirh maintanance for good function. The company have comitment for does management system safety and job safety program for prevent occupational accident, such as training and counseling. Generally, realization of apply safety and system can run well. Conclusion: the management system of safety and healthy job includes having good facilities. Comitment of the company and the program of preventing accident in a job has been run well, but there must be luck in other aspect that must be improved. Keywords: health, occupational, safety, implementatio
KEBIJAKAN PENGISIAN DIAGNOSIS UTAMA DAN KEAKURATAN KODE DIAGNOSIS PADA REKAM MEDIS DI RUMAH SAKIT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: Policy about manage medical record had managed the system for reach order administration and improvement health services to show quality of hospital. New policy from Permenkes No.269/MENKES/PER/III/2008 make influence in this hospital policy because some policy using old government policy. At previously research, implementation that policy had many problem with some factor problem to fill in the main diagnose and the accurate code diagnose. The purpose of research is to know the policy to fill in the main diagnose and the accurate diagnose code at medical record in PKU Muhammadiyah hospital Yogyakarta. Method: This was non experiment research, this is deskriptif kualitatif and kuantitatif data as supporting to explain. The subject of research was internis, head of medical record, coder and documents medical record patient treatment internal disease at November 2008. Technique sampling for doctor internal disease, head of medical record, and coder was purposive sampling. But Technique sampling for documents medical record was simple random sampling. Kualitatif data tested validity with triangulasi. While for kuantitatif data the accurate diagnose code check using ICD-10. Result: The result of triangulasi identificated some factor problem to fill in the main diagnose and the accurate code diagnose. There is completeness documents medical record, busy, forget, lazy, not discipline, over burden work, patient APS, new terminology, difference perception, tools not support. The other policy most supporting that activity policy. Percentace to fill diagnose in the main diagnose from analyze 161 documents medical record is 71 (43,48%) to fill in and 91 (56,52%) not fill in. While the accurate code diagnose, from analyze 161 documents medical record have 237 code diagnose and 192 (81,01%) is accurate and 44 (18,99%) is not accurate. Conclusion: The policy most important for manage activity and communication between staff most supporting to result of policy implementation. Some factor problem can be overcome if all staff aware that policy is important and put into effect. Key word: Policy, Diagnose, Diagnose Code, Medical Recor
ANALISIS KETAATAN KARYAWAN DALAM PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN BERKALA DI RUMAH SAKIT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFBackground: The hospital is one workplace where there is staff, patients, visitors, medical devices and non-medical, so in the hospital there are a variety of exposures, among others, chemical, biological, ergonomics. Employees at the hospital is a potential resource that must be nurtured to become productive and quality. But apparently in carrying out daily sociality services especially in the work environment, employees are more exposed to the various factors that may cause negative impact and affect their health status. Employees in hospitals vary greatly in terms of type and number in executing its duties is always associated with a variety of potential hazards if not properly and correctly anticipated to have a negative impact on safety and health, which in turn can affect the productivity of work. Low labor productivity will also have an impact on health services provided by the hospital. The implementation of occupational safety and health program (K3) in the hospital is required to prevent various hazards that may cause health effects. However, the implementation of K3 in particular areas of work on employee health in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta has not fully run optimally, citing the cost is relatively expensive. Method: This study was an observational study that was descriptive qualitative located in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The subjects consisted of Chairman PK3, PK3 Secretary, and 50 permanent employees in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Results: Based on the research of 52 employees, obtained results showed that the level of employee compliance in following the health checks can be quite good even as many as 65%. Conclusion: Factors inhibiting the implementation of occupational health in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is the lack of socialization from the hospital to its employees, employee behavior, and no sanctions for employees who do not want to follow the program. While the reasons for employees to check their health on a regular basis is self-protection, and to know his health. Compliance level employees in the following periodic medical examinations in hospitals PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta good enough. Level of occupational health services in RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta good enough. Keywords: Analyze, Employees Compliance, the Periodic Health Examinatio