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Mapping The Landscape of Machine Translation Error Research: A Bibliometric Review (1980-2023)
Full text linkPurposeDespite machine translation enhances communication process, it faces problems to guarantee accurate translation. Efforts to address these problems have been done by many researchers. The study aimed to reveal a comprehensive bibliometric review considering research trends, publishing contributions, and development in 1980-2023.MethodThis qualitative study made uses of a descriptive research design engaging some research on machine translation errors. This study employed bibliometric analysis to comprehensively examine the landscape of previous research on machine translation errors from 1980 to 2023. Based on a Scopus database, 138 publications were initially identified and subsequently refined to 98 articles that were directly relevant to the research topic. The bibliometric analysis highlighted the intriguing patterns and trends in this field.Results/FindingsThe findings revealed that the year 2021 witnessed the highest number of article publications, totaling 13 articles, indicating a growing interest in the topic. Moreover, a notable citation trend emerged in 2011, with 103 citations, signifying the significance and influence of research related to translation errors in machine translation. China notably emerged as the leading country to publish articles on this subject, with 23 publications and 28 collaborative links established with other countries. Among the 98 journals that published research in this domain, 45 of them were classified as Q1 journals, signifying their high impact and scholarly reputation.ConclusionThe three main aspects comprising errors and human factors, exploration of machine translation, machine learning, and translation languages, and investigations within the field of computational linguistics collectively contributed to a deeper understanding of the complexities and challenges associated with translation errors in machine translation
Palestinian Social Political Conflict in Mourid Barghouti’s Novel Ra’aytu Ramallah: A Ralf Dahrendorf’s Perspective
Full text linkPurposeThis study aimed to determine the forms of socio-political conflict in the novel Ra\u27aytu Ramallah by Mourid Barghouti based on the perspective of Ralf Dahrendorf; and describe and classify the conflict based on the two faces of society, power and authority, groups involved in the conflict, and conflict control. MethodThis descriptive qualitative research used Ralf Dahrendorf\u27s theory to describe socio-political conflict in Mourid Barghouti\u27s novel Ra\u27aytu Ramallah. This study used Mourid Barghouti\u27s novel Ra\u27aytu Ramallah. It used a reading and note-taking to collect data on socio-political tensions in Mourid Barghouti\u27s novel Ra\u27aytu Ramallah from Ralf Dahrendorf\u27s perspective, while its analysis used Miles and Hubberman\u27s interactive model analysis that has three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Result/FindingThe results of this study showed this conflict consisted of several forms, namely the struggle for settlements, attacks by the Intifada movement, and social conflicts that occur within the Palestinian community itself. In conflict and consensus, there were three forms of conflicts and two forms of consensus. Between the two sides in the conflict, power was dominated by the Israeli side. There are one form of power and two forms of authority. In the parties involving in the conflict, there were two quasi groups and two interest groups. In an effort to control conflicts, there was one form of arbitration. ConclusionThe socio-political conflict in the novel Ra\u27aytu Ramallah by Mourid Barghouti is in the form of a power struggle conflict that occurs between Palestine and Israel. This conflict takes several forms, namely the struggle for forced settlements by Israel against the Palestinians, the attacks carried out by the Intifada as a form of resistance to the Israeli occupation, and the social conflicts that occur within Palestinian society itself between Palestinians who work with Israel and its loyal Palestinian population are fighting against Israel for the sovereignty of its state
The Muslim Mothers’ Understanding of Breastfeeding Command in the Quran: A Case Study in Yogyakarta
Full text linkPurposeThis article aimed to explore the Muslim mothers\u27 understanding of breastfeeding verses, the factors of the role of ulama, community organizations, and the impact of understanding verses on breastfeeding practices.MethodThe study was qualitative research employing a descriptive case study design. It involved Muslim preachers and mothers as the key informants in Yogyakarta. Intensive observation and interview were done to get the intended data. The collected data and information were qualitatively analyzed to unveil Muslim mothers’ understanding of breastfeeding in Islam.Results/findingsThe study\u27 showed those who believed that the Quran obligated breastfeeding did it as an attempt to fulfill the obligations without understanding the benefits that come with it. This was a consequence of the absence of socialization of the breastfeeding-related Quranic verses\u27 content.ConclusionThe study concluded that Muslim preachers had not reached Muslim mothers in Yogyakarta with breastfeeding verses
Sira Nabawiyya: Historiography of the Prophet Muhammad by Three Modern Writers
Full text linkPurposeThis study aimed to compare the narratives of three modern historiographies of the Sirah Nabawiya. It explored differences and similarities of Raḫīq Al-Makhtūm, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur\u27an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih.MethodThis research employed a qualitative approach, adopting the historical method. The primary data were the most recent published editions of Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm (2019) by Safiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfuri, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (2006) by Martin Lings, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih (2018) by M. Quraish Shihab.Results/FindingsThe research showed that each of these three books was written in a chronological style. Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur\u27an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih offered more detailed information compared to Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. In their historical analyses, each writer presented their respective perspectives and tendencies. Al-Mubarakfuri emphasized the comparison of historical data and explained the most valid source, while Lings presented the data in a friendly and approachable manner with no in-depth elaboration and personal analyses. Shihab\u27s analysis, however, covered more complex issues beyond historiography, including verification, orientalist criticism, analysis of Quranic sources, and elaboration of moral values.ConclusionThese three works complied with the standard model of a chronological presentation of data and critical analysis, while maintaining a friendly and approachable tone through additional elaboration of perspectives. The authors maintained a balanced and objective approach according to their academic background
The Relation of Metaphysics to Political Theory in the Thoughts of Al-Farabi
Full text linkPurposeThis article explored the extent to which metaphysics has a fundamental relation with politics in the thoughts of Al-Farabi.MethodIn this study, the descriptive-analysis method was adopted, as it attempted to describe Al-Farabi’s thoughts on metaphysics and its relation to his political theory. This was then to be followed by philosophical and historical approaches to the subject.Result/findingAl-Farabi’s substantive thoughts fell into two major divisions: metaphysics and politics. Politics properly was intended to achieve the ultimate aim of human beings, which was happiness (al-sa‘adah) or perfection (al-kamal). The highest perfection that man desires to attain is intellectual perfection (al-kamal al-nazari). A city (state), which he calls “al-Madinah”, became a whole similar to the cosmos, and its members—based on their classes—were to cooperate toward achieving happiness. It was through this way that a perfect city/state (al-madinah al-fadilah) would be realized.ConclusionPolitical theory of Al-Farabi encompassed both psychological and cosmological elements. Yet, it was strongly connected to metaphysics. This could be observed in the notion that political science was aimed at the prosperity of men as members of the political community. Al- Farabi’s thoughts began with metaphysics or cosmology and moved towards psychology and physiology, and ended with the discourse on politics
The Authenticity of Qur’anic Codification: A Critique of Theodor Noldeke\u27s Perspective
Full text linkPurposeThis research aimed to reveal the integrity of Utsman bin Affan and the authenticity of the Qur\u27an by the three parameters of integrity: Honesty, Consistency, and Courage, and three parameters of authenticity: Continuity, credibility, and symbolism. It also involved the criticism study of Theodor Noldeke’s View about the codification of The Qur’an. MethodThis research employed a qualitative library approach to analyze Theodor Noldeke\u27s views on the codification of the Qur\u27an. The analysis method consists of two steps: first, a descriptive analysis of Noldeke\u27s intellectual background and the concepts of integrity and authenticity; second, a comparative analysis of the codification of the Qur\u27an from the perspectives of Muslim and Western scholars. Results/findingsThere were integrity factors in Utsman bin Affan, namely honesty and trustworthiness in behaviour, consistency in action, and courage and responsibility in making decisions. Utsman bin Affan was a caliph with integrity, so all the policies he issued towards the codification of the Qur\u27an guaranteed authenticity. ConclusionAlthough Theodor Noldeke argued that the Qur\u27an codification policy of Utsman bin Affan was inauthentic and has many problems with it, this statement was considered incorrect due to differences in research methods used, as well as differences in the history of the Qur\u27an and the Bible
Tahwiil Ar-Riwayah Al-Fata An-Nabiil ila Al-Fiilm: Dirasah Ikranisasiah li Pamusuk Eneste
Full text linkPurposeThe study aimed to reveal the forms of changes that occur in the plot, setting, and social values in the novel Al-Fata An-Nabiil and its film version seen from Pamusuk Aneste’s ecranization theory.MethodThis qualitative study made uses of descriptive qualitative research design. The primary data source was the novel Al-Fata An-Nabiil by Frances Hodgson Burnett and its film version by Kozo Kusuba. The data collection procedures included several techniques, including reading the novel, watching the film, and note-taking technique. In analyzing the data, researchers followed Miles and Huberman model, which comprised three steps: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.Results/findingsThe study showed several forms of changes that occurred in plot, setting, and social values in the process of transforming the novel into the film Al-Fata An-Nabiil based on the study of by Pamusuk Aneste’s ecranization theory covering narrowing, increasing, and changing the work’s plot, its setting and its social values.ConclusionThe changing of the novel into its film version covered internal and external elements to adjust to the needs of new types of works
The Dynamics of Lampung Pepper Trade Network in 16th - 18th Century
Full text linkPurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamics of Lampung\u27s pepper trade in regional and international networks in the 16th to 18th centuries with three focuses: Lampung\u27s position in the Nusantara shipping routes, the pepper production system in Lampung, and Lampung\u27s pepper trade network. MethodThis study used the historical method, which consists of four stages: heuristics (collecting historical sources), external and internal source criticism, interpretation, and historiography (writing history). The data sources used were local and foreign sources to explain the focus of the study. Results/FindingsThe results found that Lampung had an important role in developing the maritime trade network due to its strategic location on the Nusantara shipping route, especially after the Portuguese controlled the port of Malacca in 1511. Following this situation, Banten became a major international pepper port city in the Sunda Strait. The primary source of pepper was from Lampung. This activity formed four trade networks between Lampung and Banten, Palembang, Batavia (Netherlands) and Bengkulu (UK). Before the second half of the 17th century, the network was stronger with Banten and Palembang, but afterward, it shifted under the influence of Batavia and Bengkulu. All parties used all possible ways to get the Lampung pepper. ConclusionThis study shows that Lampung pepper was a significant factor driving Lampung\u27s history and contribution to regional and international trade networks over two centuries
The Acehnese Language Use in South Aceh Regency: A Sociolinguistic Analysis
Full text linkPurposeThis study aimed to find out how the Acehnese language is used by residents in the South Aceh Regency.MethodThis research used a qualitative approach with documentary studies, meta-ethnographic research, field studies, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The instruments used comprised data analysis forms, observation forms, focus group discussion guidelines, and in-depth interview guidelines. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the theory and concept of sociolinguistics Results/findingsThis study demonstrated that speakers of the Acehnese language in the South Aceh Regency came from distinct places than those in other Aceh regencies. The performance comprised performances in Acehnese language with and without acculturation of other languages, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Aneuk Jamee language, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Kluet language, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Aneuk Jamee and Kluet languages, and performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Indonesian language. Conclusion The performance resulted from the presence of Acehnese speakers in multiethnic areas (Aneuk Jamee and Kluet tribes). Acehnese speakers have been encouraged to integrate with these tribes by their living conditions. Seeking a language that enables them to communicate with one another was the outward manifestation of these adaptation efforts
English for Islamic Philosophy: A Development of Digital Dictionary of English Loanword
Full text linkPurposeThe aim of this research was to investigate the suitability of loanwords to the needs of students majoring in Islamic philosophy, analyze the design interface of the English loanword dictionary application, and understand how they access and use the dictionary. MethodThis study made uses of Research & Development design, a research method used to produce a work or product. The first stage is the preliminary research stage, followed by the product development stage, then the model validation stage, the trial effectiveness stage, and finally, the dissemination or publication and product socialization stage. The research engaged the students and the lecturers as the key informant taken randomly from the Islamic philosophy study program. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the concept of friendly android bilingual dictionary.Results/findingsThe research findings indicated that an English loanword dictionary with comprehensive features was highly beneficial for Islamic philosophy students. This dictionary helped students to understand the terms, and use them in their contexts of Islamic philosophy. The application\u27s user-friendly features enhanced accessibility, with a clear home screen and intuitive navigation.ConclusionThe study concluded that the loanword app played significant role in helping students understanding Islamic philosophy terminology. Future research could explore the app\u27s impact on students\u27 academic performance, language proficiency, and critical thinking skills